Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-09T12:27:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_TATIELE_LACERDA_DA_SILVA_COMPLETO.pdf: 1606684 bytes, checksum: a6c9d50987386e814e25f89d98354ea4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-09T12:28:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_TATIELE_LACERDA_DA_SILVA_COMPLETO.pdf: 1606684 bytes, checksum: a6c9d50987386e814e25f89d98354ea4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-09T12:28:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_TATIELE_LACERDA_DA_SILVA_COMPLETO.pdf: 1606684 bytes, checksum: a6c9d50987386e814e25f89d98354ea4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 / The present thesis analyzes the theory of induced technical progress. This theory indicates that in capitalist economies, technical change follows a biased form, saving on the input that is relatively more expensive. The theory is investigated looking at the Granger causal relationship between wage share and labor productivity for 99 countries in the 1980-2014 period. In addition to the total sample, the tests were performed for developed economies and developing economies. The database was organized from the Penn Word Table 9.0. The causality tests indicated that there was a causal relation from the wage share to labor productivity in all groups analyzed. In some cases, a causal relationship from labor productivity to the wage share was also observed. The research shows the relevance of the theory of induced technical progress. / A presente tese analisa a teoria do progresso t?cnico induzido. Essa aponta que nas economias capitalistas, a mudan?a t?cnica segue uma forma viesada, economizando no insumo que ? relativamente mais caro. Com esse objetivo investiga a rela??o de causalidade no sentindo de Granger entre a parcela salarial e a produtividade do trabalho para 99 pa?ses entre 1980 e 2014. Al?m do total da amostra, os testes foram realizados para as economias desenvolvidas e as economias em desenvolvimento. A base de dados foi constitu?da pelas informa??es da Penn Word Table 9.0. Foi utilizado o teste de causalidade de Hurlin para dados em painel. Os testes de causalidade indicaram que houve uma rela??o causal da parcela salarial para a produtividade do trabalho em todos os grupos analisados. Em alguns casos, tamb?m se observou uma rela??o de causalidade da produtividade do trabalho para a parcela salarial. A pesquisa mostra a relev?ncia da teoria do progresso t?cnico induzido.

Thesis (M.Com. (Economics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The primary goal of this study was to investigate the effects of budget deficit on fixed investment using annual data for the period 1990-2017 in selected African countries namely, Cameroon, Namibia, Ghana, Egypt, Seychelles, Mauritius, Botswana, Lesotho and South Africa. The study employed panel unit root tests including the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test, Philips Perron test and Levin Lin and chu test. The tests revealed that all the variables are integrated at 1st difference. The study further employed the Panel ARDL bounds test to examine the relationship between budget deficit, fixed investment, money supply and inflation. The empirical findings indicated that a long run relationship exists between the variables of interest. Furthermore, the results revealed that the budget deficit has a negative and statistically significant effect on fixed investment. A one percent increase in the budget deficit, ceteris paribus, leads to a reduction in fixed investment by 44 percent in the long run. The findings further postulated a bidirectional causal relationship between budget deficit and fixed investment, between money supply and fixed investment and between fixed investment and inflation. It was evident in the research that indeed the budget deficit is a problematic macroeconomic policy in African countries. Policy makers should limit high government expenditures as they contribute to increased and persistent budget deficits which crowd out private investment.