This study aimed to obtain 15% total solids and reduced mineral content in milk UF permeate by nanofiltration, hydrolysing the lactose content of nano-concentrate enzymically, partially substituting sucrose in ice cream formulations with hydrolysed lactose nano-concentrate (HLNC), and investigating the effects of HLNC on the physio-chemical and sensory characteristics of ice cream. The desired 15% total solids in the nano-concentrate was achieved after three fold concentration of milk UF permeate. The colour of milk permeate changed, pH and mineral content decreased, and crude protein content, lactose content and titratable acidity increased. The lactose content was hydrolysed by enzyme lactase. HLNC was used to replace 25% and 50% of sucrose in ice cream formulations. Springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, adhesiveness, hardness, iciness, Ph and colour were not significantly affected. Viscosity, freezing point, glass transition temperature, melting temperature, gumminess and sweetness were significantly decreased, whereas freezing time, saltiness and cooked flavour were significantly increased. The overall acceptability of ice cream significantly decreased at 50% but was insignificantly affected at the 25% level. These results indicate that about one quarter of sucrose could be replaced by HLNC. / Master of Science (Hons) (Food Technology)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:34:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:04:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 visconti_a_dr_botfca.pdf: 711565 bytes, checksum: e95ca12106beed1a1b89fd2a77c2ba8c (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) / O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial de hidrolisado de peixe (HP), emulsão de peixe (EP), casca de camarão (CC), pó da alga marinha Sargassum sp. (AG) e pó de concha de marisco (CM) no controle de Cylindrocladium spathiphylli em espatifilo e Ralstonia solanacearum em tomate; e avaliar o efeito de dois biofertilizantes no controle de Oidium neolycopersici em tomate e Podosphaera fuliginea em pepino. Ao substrato padrão de cultivo de espatifilo, coletado de sistemas de produção naturalmente infestado com o patógeno, foram incorporados HP e EP nas concentrações de 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25% (v/v) do volume necessário para atingir a capacidade de retenção de água e CC, AG e CM nas concentrações de 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5% (v/v). As misturas foram incubadas por 10 dias à temperatura ambiente e, posteriormente, transferidas para vasos plásticos de 300 mL, seguido do plantio de uma muda de espatifilo da variedade Opal. No plantio, aos 90 e aos 180 dias de cultivo foi determinada a respiração microbiana, o carbono da biomassa microbiana e atividade de hidrólise do diacetato de fluoresceína. Macro e micronutrientes dos substratos foram determinados no plantio e ao final do experimento / This study aimed to evaluate the potential of fish hydrolyzed (HP), fish emulsion (EP), shrimp peel (CC), Sargassum seaweed powder (AG) and mussel shell powder (CM) for the control of Cylindrocladium spathiphylli in Spathiphyllum and Ralstonia solanacearum in tomato; and evaluate the effect of two biofertilizers in the control of Oidium neolycopersici in tomato and Podosphaera fuliginea in cucumber. In the container media, naturally infested, collected from production systems, was incorporated with HP and EP at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% (v/v) of the volume of water required to reach the water retention capacity of the container media and CC, AG and CM at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% (v/v). The mixtures were incubated for 10 days at room temperature. After this, the mixtures were transferred to plastic pots of 300 mL, followed by the planting of one plug Spathiphyllum ‘Opal’ per pot. In planting, at 90 and 180 days of cultivation were determined microbial respiration, carbon biomass and activity by the hydrolysis of diacetate fluorescein. Macro and micronutrient of container media were determined at planting and at the end of the experiment

Orientador: Wagner Bettiol / Banca: Antonio Carlos Maringoni / Banca: Flavio Henrique V.de Medeiros / Banca: Marcelo Augusto Boechat Morandi / Banca: Renate Krause Sakate / Resumo: O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial de hidrolisado de peixe (HP), emulsão de peixe (EP), casca de camarão (CC), pó da alga marinha Sargassum sp. (AG) e pó de concha de marisco (CM) no controle de Cylindrocladium spathiphylli em espatifilo e Ralstonia solanacearum em tomate; e avaliar o efeito de dois biofertilizantes no controle de Oidium neolycopersici em tomate e Podosphaera fuliginea em pepino. Ao substrato padrão de cultivo de espatifilo, coletado de sistemas de produção naturalmente infestado com o patógeno, foram incorporados HP e EP nas concentrações de 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25% (v/v) do volume necessário para atingir a capacidade de retenção de água e CC, AG e CM nas concentrações de 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5% (v/v). As misturas foram incubadas por 10 dias à temperatura ambiente e, posteriormente, transferidas para vasos plásticos de 300 mL, seguido do plantio de uma muda de espatifilo da variedade Opal. No plantio, aos 90 e aos 180 dias de cultivo foi determinada a respiração microbiana, o carbono da biomassa microbiana e atividade de hidrólise do diacetato de fluoresceína. Macro e micronutrientes dos substratos foram determinados no plantio e ao final do experimento / Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of fish hydrolyzed (HP), fish emulsion (EP), shrimp peel (CC), Sargassum seaweed powder (AG) and mussel shell powder (CM) for the control of Cylindrocladium spathiphylli in Spathiphyllum and Ralstonia solanacearum in tomato; and evaluate the effect of two biofertilizers in the control of Oidium neolycopersici in tomato and Podosphaera fuliginea in cucumber. In the container media, naturally infested, collected from production systems, was incorporated with HP and EP at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% (v/v) of the volume of water required to reach the water retention capacity of the container media and CC, AG and CM at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% (v/v). The mixtures were incubated for 10 days at room temperature. After this, the mixtures were transferred to plastic pots of 300 mL, followed by the planting of one plug Spathiphyllum 'Opal' per pot. In planting, at 90 and 180 days of cultivation were determined microbial respiration, carbon biomass and activity by the hydrolysis of diacetate fluorescein. Macro and micronutrient of container media were determined at planting and at the end of the experiment / Doutor

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-07T16:42:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Andreia Cybelle Marques Ferreira.pdf: 473419 bytes, checksum: ec38641e4f8a34c97d2ef665eeeb6165 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-07T16:42:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andreia Cybelle Marques Ferreira.pdf: 473419 bytes, checksum: ec38641e4f8a34c97d2ef665eeeb6165 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is one of the most widely cultivated species and the fillet is the main product for sale corresponding between 30 and 40% of the animal weight, the remainder being considered residue when discarded represent a serious environmental. These byproducts are high in protein and production of FPH (fish protein hydrolysed) represents an alternative for these residues. The present study aims to investigate the efficacy of different conservation methods in the elimination of pathogens and spoilage microorganisms in fish protein hydrolysate obtained from the by-products of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The FPHs were subject at dry heat sterilization, moist heat, acidification (citric acid), gamma irradiation and studied at different storage temperatures. Microbiological analyzes were performed by count of mesophilics and psychrotrophics and search of pathogens and spoilage. The hydrolysates remained free of microbial contamination for 60 days, excepting the control showed values of 3.0 X 107 CFU/ml after 24 hours and FPH citric acid 30 °C reached 5.0 X 10² CFU/ml after 9 storage days. The results of microbiological analyses from hydrolysates treated by conservation methods were negative for coliforms at 45 ºC, Coagulase-positive staphylococci, Salmonella spp, yeast and mold, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, excepting the FPH citric acid 4 °C, citric acid 30 °C and control that showed 9.5 x 103, 1.5 x 102 and 8.7 X 10² CFU/ml for yeast and mold respectively. The content of protein and lipid, in the most of the hydrolysates was not affected during storage. The treatments performed on hydrolysates were efficient in respect to the presence of pathogens confer food security by 60 days. / A tilápia Oreochromis niloticus é uma das espécies mais amplamente cultivadas e o filé é o principal produto de venda correspondente entre 30 e 40% do peso do animal, sendo o restante considerado resíduo, quando descartado, representam um problema ambiental. Estes subprodutos são ricos em proteína e a produção do HPP (hidrolisado protéico de peixe) é uma alternativa utilizada a que se destinam estes resíduos. O presente estudo tem por objetivo investigar a eficácia de diferentes métodos de conservação na eliminação de microorganismos patogênicos e deteriorantes em hidrolisado de proteína de peixe obtido a partir dos subprodutos de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus). Os HPP foram submetidos à esterilização por calor seco, calor úmido, acidificação (ácido cítrico), irradiação gama e estudado em diferentes temperaturas de armazenamento. Análises microbiológicas foram realizadas através da contagem de microorganismos mesófilos e psicrotróficos e da pesquisa de patógenos e deteriorantes. Os hidrolisados permaneceram livres de contaminação microbiológica durante 60 dias, com exceção do controle com valores de 3,0 X 107 UFC/ml após 24 horas e do HPP Ácido cítrico 30 ºC que atingiu 5,0 X 10² UFC/ml após 9 dias de armazenamento. Os resultados das análises microbiológicas dos hidrolisados foram negativos para coliformes a 45 ºC, Estafilococos coagulase positiva, Salmonella spp, bolores e leveduras, e Pseudomonas aeruginosa com exceção dos HPP ácido cítrico 4 ºC, ácido cítrico 30 ºC e controle que apresentaram valores para bolores e leveduras de 9,5 x 103 UFC/mL, 2,5 x 102 UFC/mL e 8,7 X 10² UFC/mL respectivamente. O conteúdo proteico e lipídico, na maioria do hidrolisados, não foi comprometido mediante estocagem. Os tratamentos realizados nos hidrolisados foram eficientes quanto a presença de microorganismos patógenos, estando garantido a segurança do alimento por 60 dias.

Orientador: Jaime Amaya-Farfán / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T05:36:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gasparetto_Daniela_M.pdf: 1174438 bytes, checksum: 483c9894a40b10e40510410a552369a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: As proteinas do soro de leite possuem alto valor nutritivo, sendo, portanto, extensamente estudadas em diversas areas do saber. A equipe do Laboratorio de Fontes Proteicas vem estudando a associacao entre o consumo do hidrolisado de proteina do soro de leite e seus efeitos biologicos e nutricionais, em varios niveis de atividade fisica. Seu consumo tem sido associada a diminuicao do estresse metabolico, reducao nos niveis de lactato, aumento das reservas de glicogenio muscular, maior estabilidade da albumina serica e melhora nos tempos de exaustao do animal treinado. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do consumo do hidrolisado de soro de leite no estado metabolico redox do rato e na utilizacao de lipideos pelo organismo como fonte de energia durante a atividade fisica. Ratos Wistar machos foram divididos em 3 grupos de dieta: Padrao (AIN 93-G, dieta elaborada com caseina), Controle (AIN 93-G, elaborada com concentrado de proteinas do soro de leite) e Experimental (AIN 93-G, elaborada com hidrolisado de proteinas do soro de leite). Cada dieta foi subdividida em 4 grupos (n = 7): sedentarios, sedentarios-exaustos, treinados e treinados-exaustos. O hidrolisado apresentou maior poder antioxidante in vitro, do que o concentrado e tres fracoes do soro, ?-lactalbumina, ?-lactoglobulina e albumina serica bovina. O consumo das proteinas do soro de leite, hidrolisadas ou nao, aumentou a concentracao de triptofano no sangue e de BCAAs livres no musculo, alem de 10 outros aminoacidos analisados. Porem, reduziu o nivel de alanina aminotransferase serica. A enzima tambem teve sua concentracao reduzida pelo treinamento fisico enquanto que a exaustao aumentou-a. Contrariamente, o exercicio continuo aumentou os niveis de acidos graxos livres sericos, ao passo que a exaustao os diminuiu. Ambas as variaveis, por sua vez, elevaram nao somente a temperatura muscular, mas tambem o nivel de 15 aminoacidos musculares livres e a concentracao de triacilglicerois sericos. O treinamento possibilitou que os animais treinado-exaustos apresentassem tempos ate a exaustao mais longos que os sedentarios-exaustos. A exaustao tambem aumentou a concentracao de nove aminoacidos sericos (dentre eles BCAAs, Ala e Gln). O treinamento, bem como a exaustao e a dieta não interferiram na expressao dos genes PPAR a, PPAR d, PGC 1a, CPT 1ß e miostatina no musculo. Nao foram constatadas alteracoes no consumo, peso do tecido adiposo, lactato sanguineo, glutationa reduzida, alem dos parametros sericos: creatinina, aspartato aminotransferase, albumina, corticosterona e acido urico. Os resultados deste trabalho sugerem haver poucas diferencas entre as dietas formuladas com proteinas do soro de leite. Porem, eles tambem sugerem que o nivel de atividade a ser empregado em ensaios biologicos deva ser criteriosamente definido / Abstract: There is extensive research on whey proteins because of its particularly high level of nutritive value. The Protein Sources Laboratory team has studied the relationship between the intake of hydrolyzed whey protein and its biological and nutritional effects at several levels of physical exercise. It has been observed that time to exhaustion is improved, serum lactate levels and metabolic stress are reduced, muscle glycogen stores are increased, and serum albumin levels are preserved. This work aimed at assessing the effects of consuming the hydrolyzed whey proteins on the metabolic redox state and the utilization of lipids as energy during physical exercise. Male Wistar rats consumed 3 diets: Experimental (AIN 93-G, prepared with hydrolyzed whey protein), Control (AIN 93-G, prepared with concentrate whey protein) and Standard (AIN 93-G). Each diet was further grouped into 4 cases (n = 7): sedentary, exhausted-sedentary trained and exhausted-trained. The hydrolyzed whey protein presented a greater antioxidant effect in vitro, than the concentrate, and its main protein components. Both the hydrolyzed and unhydrolyzed whey protein increased the tryptophan blood concentration as well as the free BCAA muscle concentration, in addition to ten other amino acids. Moreover, it reduced the serum alanine aminotransferase level. Physical training also reduced its concentration, whereas exhaustion increased it. On the other hand, continuous physical exercise increased free fatty acids levels, whereas exhaustion decreased it. Moreover, both variables increased not only the muscle temperature but also 15 muscle amino acids levels as well as the triacylglycerols levels. Training led to longer time to exhaustion of the trained-exhausted than to sedentaryexhausted. Exhaustion also increased the concentration of nine serum amino acids (among them BCAAs, Ala e Gln). Both training and exhaustion, and diet had no affect on the gene expression of PPAR a, PPAR d, PGC 1a, CPT 1ß and myostatin in the muscle. No effect was observed for food intake, adipose tissue mass, blood lactate, reduced glutathione as well as serum parameters: creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, corticosterone, uric acid. These findings indicated that there are few differences between the whey-protein based diets. However, they do point out that some level of activity should also be taken into account during the biological experiments / Mestrado / Nutrição Experimental e Aplicada à Tecnologia de Alimentos / Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição