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Este trabalho é direcionado ao problema de Programação de Operações No-Idle Flow Shop Permutacional. Uma propriedade do problema, oriunda de estudo sobre a sua característica, é apresentada e utilizada para o desenvolvimento de um novo método heurístico construtivo, com o objetivo de minimizar a Duração Total da Programação (makespan). O novo método é comparado com os melhores heurísticos construtivos reportados na literatura, conhecidos por IG, KK e FRB3. Os resultados da experimentação computacional mostraram o melhor desempenho do método proposto, denominado BHBN, para os problemas testes de Ruiz et al. (2008) e Taillard (1993), quanto à qualidade da solução, apresentando também eficiência computacional. / This work is addressed to the No-Idle Flow Shop Sequencing problem. As a result of an investigation on the problem characteristics it is presented a property of this scheduling problem, which is used for the development of a new constructive heuristic with the objective of minimizing the Total Time to complete the schedule (makespan). The new method is compared with the best constructive heuristics reported in the literature, named IG, KK and FRB3. Results from computational experience showed the best performance of the proposed method, denoted by BHBN, for the instances of Ruiz et al. (2008) and Taillard (1993), as to the quality of the solution, and also computational efficiency.

Este trabalho é direcionado ao problema de Programação de Operações No-Idle Flow Shop Permutacional. Uma propriedade do problema, oriunda de estudo sobre a sua característica, é apresentada e utilizada para o desenvolvimento de um novo método heurístico construtivo, com o objetivo de minimizar a Duração Total da Programação (makespan). O novo método é comparado com os melhores heurísticos construtivos reportados na literatura, conhecidos por IG, KK e FRB3. Os resultados da experimentação computacional mostraram o melhor desempenho do método proposto, denominado BHBN, para os problemas testes de Ruiz et al. (2008) e Taillard (1993), quanto à qualidade da solução, apresentando também eficiência computacional. / This work is addressed to the No-Idle Flow Shop Sequencing problem. As a result of an investigation on the problem characteristics it is presented a property of this scheduling problem, which is used for the development of a new constructive heuristic with the objective of minimizing the Total Time to complete the schedule (makespan). The new method is compared with the best constructive heuristics reported in the literature, named IG, KK and FRB3. Results from computational experience showed the best performance of the proposed method, denoted by BHBN, for the instances of Ruiz et al. (2008) and Taillard (1993), as to the quality of the solution, and also computational efficiency.

Gear rattle is caused by engine torsional vibration (engine order response) imparted to the transmission components, further causing the gears to oscillate within their functional backlashes. These oscillations lead to the repetitive impact of gear teeth, which lead to noisy responses, referred to as gear rattle. The lack of in-depth research into the effect of lubricant on gear rattle has been identified as a deficiency in the previous research in rattle. The aim ofthe current work is to address this shortcoming. The thesis outlines a new approach in investigating the problem of idle gear rattle. The approach is based on the assumption that under idling condition the teeth-pair impact loads are sufficiently low and the gear speeds are sufficiently high to permit the formation of a hydrodynamic lubricant film between the mating gear teeth. This film acts as a non-linear spring-damper that couples the driver and the driven gears. A torsional single-degree of freedom model is used in the development of the theory. The model is then expanded into a seven-degree of freedom torsional model and finally into an Il-degree of freedom model that also includes the lateral vibrations of the supporting shafts. The Il-degree of freedom model is based on a real life transmission that is also used in experimental studies to validate the model. It is found that lubricant viscosity and bearing clearance (lubricant resistance in squeeze) play important roles in determining the dynamics of the system and its propensity to rattle. At low temperatures, the lateral vibrations of the shafts, carrying the gears interfere with the gear teeth impact action. The severity of rattle is determined by the relationship between the entraining and squeeze film actions of the hydrodynamic film. When the latter dominates, the system can rattle more severely. The numerical results are found to correlate well with the experimental findings obtained from vehicle tests in a semi-anechoic chamber and also with those from a transmission test rig in the powertrain laboratory.

Orientador: Mauro Dal Secco de Oliveira / Banca: Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel / Banca: Atushi Sugohara / Banca: André de Faria Pedroso / Banca: Flávia Fernanda Simili / Resumo: Este estudo objetivou avaliar o armazenamento da cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada com 0,5% de cal hidratada sobre o consumo das frações alimentares, desempenho animal, viabilidade econômica, comportamento ingestivo, características nutritivas da forragem e aspectos da digestão de novilhas confinadas. Foram realizados dois experimentos. No primeiro (Capítulo 2 e 3), foram utilizadas 24 novilhas da raça Nelore distribuídas inteiramente ao acaso nos tratamentos formados por dietas com cana-de-açúcar in natura (tempo zero), cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada e armazenada por 24, 48 ou 72 horas. No segundo (Capítulo 4), foram utilizadas quatro novilhas da raça Nelore delineadas num quadrado latino 4x4, onde foram avaliadas as dietas anteriormente descritas. No primeiro experimento, verificou-se variação cúbica (P < 0,05) em função do tempo de armazenamento da cana-de-açúcar da maioria das variáveis relacionadas ao consumo das frações alimentares e desempenho animal, apresentando melhores resultados para novilhas alimentadas com cana-de-açúcar in natura. O armazenamento da cana-de-açúcar até 72 horas proporcionou aumento linear (P < 0,05) da fração de carboidratos potencialmente degradáveis e diminuição dos custos de produção. Novilhas alimentadas com dietas a base de cana-de-açúcar in natura apresentaram maior tempo de ruminação (P < 0,05). No segundo experimento, verificou-se que o consumo e digestibilidade dos nutrientes, o balanço de nitrogênio, a eficiência de síntese de proteína microbiana e o nitrogênio amoniacal não foram influenciados (P > 0,05) pelas dietas. O armazenamento da cana-de-açúcar com adição de 0,5% de cal hidratada até 72 horas deprime o consumo e desempenho de novilhas jovens da raça Nelore / Abstract: This study evaluated the effect of storage of hydrolyzed sugarcane with .5% hydrated lime the dietary fractions intake, animal performance, economic viability, ingestive behavior, nutritional characteristics of forage and digestion aspects of confined heifers. Two experiments were conducted. In the first (Chapter 2 and 3), 24 Nellore heifers were used and randomly distributed in treatment formed by diets constituted by fresh sugarcane (zero time), hydrolyzed sugarcane and stored for 24, 48 or 72 hours. In the second (Chapter 4), four heifers were used constituting a 4x4 latin square, with similar diets previous. In the first experiment, there was variation cubic (P < .05) according the storage time of most variables related to dietary fractions intake and animal performance, with better results for heifers fed with fresh sugarcane. Storage of sugarcane until 72 hours promoted linear increased (P < .05) in the carbohydrate fraction potentially degradable and decreased production costs. Heifers fed diets with fresh sugarcane presented higher time ruminating (P < .05). In the second experiment, it was found that the intake and digestibility of nutrients, the nitrogen balance, the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis and the ammonia nitrogen were not affected (P > .05) by diets. The storage of hydrolyzed sugarcane with .5% of hydrated lime up to 72 hours depresses intake and performance of young Nellore heifers / Doutor

Abstract The study aims to analyze and probe into the possible impacts brought by the image transformation of Du-Shing 10th Village, a veteran community. We try to understand the residents¡¦ willingness to get involved and the feasibility of giving a brand new appearance, ¡§cultural park¡¨, to Du-Shing 10th Village, and to promote the development of cultural tourism in Penghu. In addition, we also consult the related authorities and resident representatives for their ideas and opinions toward the development scheme of the project. At first, help the residents to understand the meaning of idle space reuse and the significance of culture conservation. Then, explain the concept of transforming Du-Shing 10th Village into a cultural park to the residents and hopefully improve their willingness to support and to participate in the project, or strengthen the tourists¡¦ motivation to have a cultural tour to Penghu. Multiple tourism types can meet different tourists¡¦ needs. The idea not only can connect with the surrounding tourist spots to solve the problem with overcrowded tourists during the high season, it can also increase the re-visiting rate. For the orientation of the future transformation scheme, strategic implementation of sustainable development is one of the most important elements to sustain a local culture. In addition, without a doubt, the cooperation of local government authority, the conservation of the characteristic of a local culture and the feasibility of a scheme are all indispensible factors to keep promoting a local culture¡¦s development. The platform created by Cultural Affairs Bureau and Tourism Bureau can also be leveraged to propagate the culture of veteran communities to draw the attentions of tourism or travel business operators, tourists and residents for the purpose of reaching the common interest, promoting the development of cultural tourism, raising the willing of local residents to get involved, boosting the economic effects of Penghu and; furthermore, ensuring the sustainable development of the offshore cultural tourism.

Šiame tyriamajame darbe išnagrinėjome, kokią įtaką detalės užlaidoms ir tarpiniams matmenims, turės detalės geometrinės ir kitos paklaidos. Kaip keisis minimalaus matmens išraiška po apdirbimo, kai detalės paviršius bus išgaubtas arba įgaubtas. Nustatėme minimalias užlaidas, esant bazinių paviršių ir apdirbamų paviršių tarpusavio padėties paklaidoms, taip pat įvertinome pjovimo įrankio dilimo ir temperatūrinių deformacinų įtaką. / The subject of the work: The influence of geometric and other errors for overlaps and idle measurement. The object of the research: The calculation of overlaps constituent and minimal idle measurement. The aim of the research was to revael the influence of the geometric and other errors for overlap details and idle measurements. What is the change of the aspect of minimal measurement after manufacturing when the surface of the detail is convex on concave. The research has defermined the minimal overlaps, when there are errors of the base and manufactured surface inter – position, also the influence of the cutter decrease and resilience was determined.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-11-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:05:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 missio_rl_dr_jabo.pdf: 805386 bytes, checksum: fd72382d10b76ace86d683f99af93f1d (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este estudo objetivou avaliar o armazenamento da cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada com 0,5% de cal hidratada sobre o consumo das frações alimentares, desempenho animal, viabilidade econômica, comportamento ingestivo, características nutritivas da forragem e aspectos da digestão de novilhas confinadas. Foram realizados dois experimentos. No primeiro (Capítulo 2 e 3), foram utilizadas 24 novilhas da raça Nelore distribuídas inteiramente ao acaso nos tratamentos formados por dietas com cana-de-açúcar in natura (tempo zero), cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada e armazenada por 24, 48 ou 72 horas. No segundo (Capítulo 4), foram utilizadas quatro novilhas da raça Nelore delineadas num quadrado latino 4x4, onde foram avaliadas as dietas anteriormente descritas. No primeiro experimento, verificou-se variação cúbica (P < 0,05) em função do tempo de armazenamento da cana-de-açúcar da maioria das variáveis relacionadas ao consumo das frações alimentares e desempenho animal, apresentando melhores resultados para novilhas alimentadas com cana-de-açúcar in natura. O armazenamento da cana-de-açúcar até 72 horas proporcionou aumento linear (P < 0,05) da fração de carboidratos potencialmente degradáveis e diminuição dos custos de produção. Novilhas alimentadas com dietas a base de cana-de-açúcar in natura apresentaram maior tempo de ruminação (P < 0,05). No segundo experimento, verificou-se que o consumo e digestibilidade dos nutrientes, o balanço de nitrogênio, a eficiência de síntese de proteína microbiana e o nitrogênio amoniacal não foram influenciados (P > 0,05) pelas dietas. O armazenamento da cana-de-açúcar com adição de 0,5% de cal hidratada até 72 horas deprime o consumo e desempenho de novilhas jovens da raça Nelore / This study evaluated the effect of storage of hydrolyzed sugarcane with .5% hydrated lime the dietary fractions intake, animal performance, economic viability, ingestive behavior, nutritional characteristics of forage and digestion aspects of confined heifers. Two experiments were conducted. In the first (Chapter 2 and 3), 24 Nellore heifers were used and randomly distributed in treatment formed by diets constituted by fresh sugarcane (zero time), hydrolyzed sugarcane and stored for 24, 48 or 72 hours. In the second (Chapter 4), four heifers were used constituting a 4x4 latin square, with similar diets previous. In the first experiment, there was variation cubic (P < .05) according the storage time of most variables related to dietary fractions intake and animal performance, with better results for heifers fed with fresh sugarcane. Storage of sugarcane until 72 hours promoted linear increased (P < .05) in the carbohydrate fraction potentially degradable and decreased production costs. Heifers fed diets with fresh sugarcane presented higher time ruminating (P < .05). In the second experiment, it was found that the intake and digestibility of nutrients, the nitrogen balance, the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis and the ammonia nitrogen were not affected (P > .05) by diets. The storage of hydrolyzed sugarcane with .5% of hydrated lime up to 72 hours depresses intake and performance of young Nellore heifers

Ce projet de recherche s’inscrit dans le débat autour du concept de réconciliation entre les peuples autochtones et allochtones au Canada. Terreau fertile depuis la publication du rapport de la Commission de vérité et réconciliation sur les pensionnats autochtones, les discussions sur le sujet dépassent le champ politique et prennent aussi racine dans la littérature. Plusieurs écrivains autochtones ont abordé ce sujet dans leurs œuvres littéraires. Natasha Kanapé Fontaine, connue notamment pour son engagement au sein du mouvement Idle No More, figure parmi les jeunes artistes autochtones qui ont exprimé leur opinion sur un nombre important d’enjeux dont celui de la réconciliation. Cette recherche étudie donc la vision de l’artiste multidisciplinaire innue de la réconciliation. La contribution de cette thèse à l’avancement des connaissances se décline en deux volets. D’une part, le cadre analytique, construit à partir d’une revue de la littérature, rend compte de la complexité du concept de réconciliation au Canada. Il présente d’abord une déconstruction conceptuelle de la réconciliation d’où ressortent quatre composantes du concept – définition, intentions, processus et actions – et fait ensuite, la synthèse des positions des auteurs sur ces dernières. Cet exercice révèle les différents courants de la littérature sur la réconciliation ainsi que les tensions entre les différents usages du concept. D’autre part, ce projet contribue à faire avancer les débats sur la réconciliation en présentant la vision d’une jeune artiste innue. L’analyse méthodique des prises de parole publiques et des ouvrages poétiques de Natasha Kanapé Fontaine montre son positionnement théorique par rapport au concept de réconciliation ainsi que l’évolution de sa vision de celui-ci au fil du temps. De cette analyse croisée entre le politique et le littéraire, il ressort que la réconciliation est un concept multidimensionnel complexe et polysémique. La multiplicité de sens accordé à la réconciliation par les différents acteurs peut nuire à l’avancement du projet commun qu’est le renouvellement des relations entre autochtones et allochtones au Canada. Pour dépasser la mécompréhension interculturelle, les acteurs devraient partager leur vision de la réconciliation et travailler ensemble sur les actions pour réaliser le projet de réconciliation.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of diet substitution of maize silage by sunflower silage on performance and ingestive behavior of feedlot steers. Nine steers, with average initial live weight and age of 288 kg and 20 months, respectively, from Nellore (N), 21/32Charolais (C) 11/32N and 21/32N 11/32C genetic groups, were used. The tested diets were: SG0= roughage with 100% of maize silage and 0% of sunflower silage; SG33= roughage with 67% of maize silage and 33% of sunflower silage and SG66= roughage of 34% of maize silage and 66% of sunflower silage. For all diets, the roughage:concentrate ratio used was of 60:40. The substitution of maize silage by sunflower silage didn t influence (P>.05) dry matter, neutral and acid detergent fiber and digestible energy intakes. A significant difference (P<.05) was observed for ether extract, being the higher value for SG66 (.83kg/day), the intermediary for SG33 (.63 kg/day) and the lower for SG0 (.50 kg/day). The slaughter weight, average daily weight gain, final body condition, feed and energetic conversions weren t influenced (P>.05) by treatments. Steers fed with SG66 stayed more time ruminating (P<.05) in relation to SG33 and SG0 animals, being values of 9.45; 8.76 and 8.61 h, respectively for SG66; SG33 and SG0. Animals fed with SG0 presented better (P<.05) dry matter and detergent fiber rumination. The time spending with feeding was higher (P<.05) for SG0 (32.58 min), intermediary for SG33 (28.33 min) and lower for SG66 (23.46 min). / O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a substituição da silagem de milho por silagem de girassol na dieta, através do desempenho e do comportamento ingestivo de novilhos confinados. Foram utilizados nove novilhos castrados, com peso vivo e idade média inicial de 288 kg e 20 meses, respectivamente, pertencentes aos grupos genéticos Nelore, 21/32Charolês (C) 11/32Nelore (N) e 21/32N 11/32C. As dietas testadas foram: SG0= volumoso com 100% de silagem de milho e 0% de silagem de girassol; SG33= volumoso com 67% de silagem de milho e 33% de silagem de girassol e SG66= volumoso com 34% de silagem de milho e 66% de silagem de girassol. A relação volumoso:concentrado utilizada foi 60:40 para todas as dietas. A substituição da silagem de milho por girassol não influenciou (P>0,05) o consumo de matéria seca, de fibra detergente neutro e ácido, de energia digestível. Houve diferença (P<0,05) no consumo de extrato etéreo, sendo maior para SG66 (0,83 kg/dia), intermediário para SG33 (0,63 kg/dia) e menor para SG0 (0,50 kg/dia). O peso de abate, o ganho de peso médio diário, o estado corporal final, a conversão alimentar e energética não foram influenciados (P>0,05) pelos tratamentos. Os novilhos alimentados com SG66 ruminaram por mais (P<0,05) tempo em relação aos animais que receberam SG33 e SG0, sendo os valores de 9,45; 8,76 e 8,61 h, respectivamente, para SG66; SG33 e SG0. Animais alimentados com SG0 apresentaram melhor (P<0,05) de ruminação da matéria seca e da fibra em detergente. O tempo de despendido por refeição foi maior (P<0,05) para SG0 (32,58 min), intermediário para o SG33 (28, 33 min) e menor para SG66 (23,46 min).