本研究以臺灣地區各區域經濟成長不均衡之現象為出發點，探討推動臺灣 地區經濟成長之製造業於中部地區之發展情形，試圖尋求有利於中部地區 發展之產業，以帶動中部地區之經濟成長，縮短區域間發展差距。研究內 容主要係利用集中係數、雜異化係數分別探討各類製造業分佈地區集中分 散趨勢及地區內製造業發展動向；以區位商數探究地區之基礎產業，以相 對成長分析比較各業別於區域及全國之相對成長速度；並結合移轉分配法 得出各地區之主力產業及深具發展潛力之區，最後，配合區域投入產出分 析與未來產業發展政策，決定一組利於中部地區發展之產業。研究發現中 部地區製造業之分佈有逐年分散之趨勢，且各鄉鎮市區製造業結構亦傾向 雜異化。較有利於中部地區發展之產業為金屬製品業、橡膠製品業、運輸 工具業、精密器械業及電機器材業等。而各地區製造業之發展潛力則與工 業區之設置有密切關係，可知地方之發展多需藉助政府力量方能達成。 Because of unequilibrium growth phenomenon of Taiwan area the purpose of this thesis is to study the manufacturing development in Central region . Study is intended to discuss some manufactur- ing that suitable for Central region to develop for the purpose of pushing regional economic growth. The methodlogy consists of coefficient of concentration ，co- efficient of diversification，location quotient ，relative growth analysis，shift-share analysis and input-output analysis etc. . These methods are applied to analysis the structure change and spatial distribution of manufacturing in Central region. The findings show most of manufacturing industries are slowly deconcentrated in Central region during the past fifteen years . The relationship between manufacturing development and the estab- lishment of industrial park in Central region is very important. As a result，regional development is very often dependent on government investment.

近年來以電子資訊產業掛帥的台灣，傳統產業似乎成了被遺忘一個部分。但透過許多相關產業的調查資料顯示，部分傳統產業在全球化的競爭底下，依舊可在台灣立足，汽車業與船舶業就是其中的代表。由產業群聚的觀點來看，產業與其關聯產業在空間中的關係為何，產業是否集中於某些特定的空間單元，皆為值得討論的課題。 為對汽車業及船舶業進行分析，本研究透過產業關聯分析以及地理資訊系統之熱點分析（hot spot analysis），並結合工商普查資料、產業關聯表、生產者投入係數，進行空間集中指標的計算，從時間序列的變化，瞭解不同時間點運輸製造業的主要關聯產業之差異及其群聚版圖的變遷，並且進一步探討運輸製造業產業群聚之水平連結在空間臨接上所產生之差異。 研究結果顯示在1981年至2001年間，汽車業與船舶業在既有的空間單元中保持穩定的成長，僅北部區域的汽車業集中重心由台北移至桃園，此種情況即代表產業群聚的區位惰性。此外，船舶業在空間單元中有集中於鋼鐵業以及港口周邊的情況；汽車業與其主要關聯產業則都集中在桃園新竹一帶。 / In recent years, Taiwan taking electronics and information industries as main development, the traditional industry seems to become a part forgotten. But show through the survey materials of a lot of relevant industries, some traditional industries that under the competition of globalization, can still base on Taiwan, the automobile industry and shipping industry are representatives among them. In the view point of industry clusters, what are the spatial relationship between industry and its related industries, whether the industry concentrates on some specific space units, all in order to worth discussing. In order to analysis the automobile industry and shipping industry, this research passes the industry linkage analysis, hot spot analysis of geographic information system, and combine the industry, commerce and service census, input-output table, input coefficients table at producers' prices, to make the calculation of spatial concentration index, and from the view point of time series, to find out the difference of main related industries, the change of cluster map, and further more, to discuss the spatial relationship between industry and its main related industries. The result of study shows between 1981 and 2001, the automobile industry and shipping industry keeps steady growth with in the space unit that has already had, only the automobile industry of the northern area concentrates center on being transferred from Taipei to Taoyuan, this kind of situation represents the inert of location of industry clusters. In addition, shipping industry centre in nears the steel industry and port; the automobile industry and its main related industries are mostly concentrated in Taoyuan and Hsinchu.

This study set-out to examine how university-industry linkage (UIL) is managed in government universities of Ethiopia to contribute to the economic development of the country. Basic questions related to the level of management of UIL, areas of linkage, benefits obtained so far from this partnership, challenges to the proper management of UIL, and the existing opportunities for promoting UIL were raised. In addition to this, strategies for strengthening UIL were also dealt with. In relation to this, the study was framed with the system theory viewpoints and human capital theory viewing universities as a system linked to its external environment like industries. As a model, interactive/balanced type of Triple Helix model was used as it integrates the activities of the government, universities and the industries. Moreover, this study reviewed global perspectives on UIL and an overview of the study context with greater emphasis on higher education reforms and proclamations. Philosophically, this study followed pragmatism research paradigm using mixed research approach. It also employed concurrent/parallel/convergent design in which both quantitative and qualitative data were collected simultaneously, interpreted separately and combined at the time of discussion for better understanding of the problem. Equal importance for both data sets was given. Data were gathered from 99 college deans and department heads, 200 instructors and 316 prospective graduates. In addition to this, 23 interviewees from UILOs, industries, MoE, and MoST took part in this study. Moreover, two focus group discussions were also conducted with the university alumni and data were gathered through survey questionnaires, semi-structured interview, FGD question guides and document reviews. The study result indicated that both quantitative and qualitative data support one another. It was found out that UIL was at its infant stage of development in government universities of Ethiopia with limited areas, dominated by students’ internship. Ethiopian government universities have a link with the industries in areas of some limited joint research projects, consultancies and capacity building. Consequently, universities benefitted by attaching their students with the industries and students got practical exposure to the real world of work. Industries also benefitted from the training provided to them, consultancies and joint research projects. On the other hand, UIL in government universities of Ethiopia was challenged by institutional bottlenecks, policy-practice gaps, contextual variation and information gaps, finance and awareness related caveats, work overload, and facility related hurdles. Moreover, lack of trust and commitment between U & I, lack of commitment and support from the leadership of both universities and industries, and the reluctance of the local industries to work with the universities remained a big rift to UIL. This study also sheds light on the expansion of universities and industries in different parts of the country as the opportunities to be tapped to promote UIL. Further, the attention of the government by designing different policies, strategies, directives and conferences was taken as the opportunity. As a major contribution, this study came up with the model that was designed to improve the practice of management of UIL in government universities of Ethiopia. To overcome the above challenges and to make use of existing opportunities, it was recommended that improving leadership and management related challenges through joint planning, organising, staffing and decision-making. Moreover, it was highly laudable to make a paradigm shift in the roles of universities from teaching dominated to research and innovation universities. Finally, bridging policy-practice gaps, increase networking, arranging various sensitising and advertising programmes and creating a further avenue for more research were commented. / Educational Leadership and Management / D. Ed. (Education Management)