Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008- Guilherme Gomes Verocai.pdf: 1894302 bytes, checksum: 5ccd7810baade85b48a7205abe9c4126 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-25 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The objective of the present study was to establish trial infections in adult dogs by administering T. canis larvae recovered from tissues of experimentally infected mice and to evaluate patent infection by determining the pre-patent period (PPP) and the number of recovered nematodes in relation to the different infective larvae doses. T. canis females were collected from naturally infected dogs. These were dissected and the eggs were obtained from their uteri followed by posterior incubation at 27?1? C under 75 ?10% RH. After 60 days, mice were orally infected by the embryonated eggs gathered from the culture. The mice were killed 26 days post-infection (dpi) and then submitted to necropsy. Its organs and carcasses were processed by the Acid-Isolation Technique for the recovery of larvae, which were quantified and subdivided in aliquots for the dogs infection. Twelve adult male Beagle dogs from the Kennel of the Laboratory of Experimental Chemotherapy in Veterinary Parasitology, Department of Animal Parasitology, Veterinary Institute, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro were used in our study. They were considered free from parasitism, however with previous history of exposition. The animals were divided in two groups of six animals each. The dogs from Group I were infected with 60 larvae, and the ones from Group II with 300 larvae, which were recovered from the brains and carcasses of the paratenic hosts. To evaluate the PPP we used the coproparasitological techniques of Centrifugal flotation, Sedimentation and Sedimentation centrifugal flotation on days +8, + 12 and, consecutively between days +16 e + 56. For the recovery of nematodes from feces, the dogs were treated on days +57, +58 e +59 with piperazine. The animals from Group I reached the PPP on 48?5.37 dpi, and Group II on 41.5?5.09 dpi, presenting statistically significant difference between the periods (p<0.05). Ten nematodes were collected from Group I, with the mean intensity of 1.66?1.63, resulting in 2.78?2.73% of recovery. The 85 nematodes collected from Group II, presented mean intensity of 14.17?28.12, resulting in 4.72?9.39% of recovery from the total of administered larvae. Non-statistical difference was noted regarding the total recovered nematodes. It is possible to establish patent T. canis infection in adult dogs by administering larvae recovered from tissues of experimentally infected mice. / O objetivo do presente estudo foi promover a infec??o experimental de c?es adultos atrav?s da administra??o de larvas de T. canis obtidas de tecidos de camundongos experimentalmente infectados. E, conseq?entemente, avaliar a infec??o patente, determinando o per?odo pr?patente (PPP) e o n?mero de nemat?ides recuperados em rela??o as diferentes quantidades de larvas infectantes administradas. F?meas de T. canis foram coletadas de animais naturalmente infectados, estas foram dissecadas para obten??o dos ovos e posterior cultura em solu??o de formalina a 2%, em estufa climatizada do tipo B.O.D. ? temperatura de 27?1? C, com umidade relativa de 75 ?10%. Ap?s 60 dias, camundongos foram infectados com os ovos embrionados oriundos da cultura. Os roedores foram eutanasiados 26 dias p?s-infec??o (dpi), submetidos ? necropsia. Seus ?rg?os e carca?as submetidos ? T?cnica de Isolamento ?cido para recupera??o das larvas, as quais foram subdivididas em al?quotas para infec??o dos c?es. Foram utilizados 12 c?es machos adultos da ra?a Beagle, pertencentes ao Canil do Laborat?rio de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterin?ria do Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterin?ria da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Os animais eram comprovadamente livres de infec??o pelo nemat?ide, por?m com pr?vio hist?rico de parasitismo pelo nemat?ide em quest?o. Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos de seis animais cada. Sendo os animais do Grupo I infectados com 60 larvas e, os pertencentes ao Grupo II com 300 larvas, sendo estas recuperadas apenas dos c?rebros e carca?a dos hospedeiros parat?nicos. Para avalia??o do per?odo pr?-patente foram empregadas em associa??o, as t?cnicas coproparasitol?gicas de Centr?fugo-flutua??o Simples, Sedimenta??o Simples e Sedimento-centr?fugo-flutua??o nos dias +8, + 12 e, consecutivamente entre os dias +16 e + 56. Para recupera??o dos nemat?ides os animais foram vermifugados nos dias +57, +58 e +59 com um produto a base de piperazina. Os animais do Grupo I atingiram o PPP, em m?dia, aos 48 ?5,37dpi, j? os do Grupo II aos 41,5?5,09 dpi, havendo diferen?a estat?stica entre os per?odos (p<0,05). Foram recuperados ao todo dez nemat?ides dos animais do Grupo I, com uma intensidade m?dia de 1,66?1,63, resultando num total de recupera??o de 2,78?2,73%. Enquanto, no Grupo II, foi recuperado um total de 85 helmintos, com uma intensidade m?dia de 14,17?28,12 parasitos por animal, perfazendo 4,72?9,39% do total de larvas administradas. N?o havendo diferen?a significativa entre os grupos em rela??o ao total de recupera??o de nemat?ides. ? poss?vel estabelecer infec??o patente em c?es adultos a partir da administra??o das diferentes cargas de larvas recuperadas de tecidos de camundongos experimentalmente infectados.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007-Marcel Teixeira.pdf: 1273236 bytes, checksum: aab3a6b9a04277f697a5e04ba6149d75 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Purposing to evaluate the anatomy-clinics and biology in broilers chicks experimentally infected with Eimeria acervulina and supplemented with betaine, a study was carried out. Thus, 390 broiler chicks Cobb were housed in battery cages distributed in a randomized block design composed of five treatments, six replicates with 13 chicks each, including a positive control, a group treated with the salinomycin plus potassium penicillin G and three levels of betaine in the feed 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15%. A soybean-maize based diet was prepared according the nutritional requirements of broiler chickens; food and water were given ad libitum. Chicks 14 days old were individually infected orally with 2 x 105 sporulated oocysts of E. acervulina. Weight gain, feed consumption, oocyst output and clinical signs were performed during 1-7 and 7-14 days after inoculation (DAI). After, from 0-7 and 7-14 DAI weight gain, feed consumption, oocyst output, plasma proteins and clinical signs were evaluated. At 0, 4, 7 and 14 DAI one bird from each replicate were euthanatized to perform lesion score and collection of blood and intestinal tissues for histopathology and villous measuring. Laboratorial analyses were made using saturated sugar centrifugation technique following oocyst counting and measurements with an ocular micrometric. Biology of the parasite was evaluated throughout the sporulation time, pre-patent and paten periods of infection, morphology of endogenous stages and oocyst and relationship with the mathematical cons tant Phi. It was not observed anatomy-clinics differences (p>0.05) between birds of different treatments due to all parameters used, however the response with betaine was similar to treatment with salinomycin and potassium penicillin G, indicating there are possibilities to use betaine to substitute these drugs. Nevertheless, betaine show ability to decrease oocyst output against control group but fewer than salinomycin. Regarding the biology of the parasite, although betaine affected the form and size of oocysts, little influence was observed in the endogenous stages according to measurements of trophozoites and macrogametes. Within the morphology it was observed a great relationship between the development of sporocysts of E. acervulina and the mathematical constant Phi. / Um estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de se avaliar a an?tomo-cl?nica e a biologia em frangos de corte experimentalmente infectados com Eimeria acervulina e suplementados com beta?na. Para tanto 390 pintos de corte Cobb foram alojados em baterias met?licas num delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso constitu?do de cinco tratamentos e seis repeti??es com treze aves, incluindo-se um controle positivo, um grupo tratado com salinomicina e penicilina G pot?ssica e mais tr?s n?veis de beta?na na ra??o sendo estes 0,05%, 0,10% e 0,15%. A dieta era composta de uma mistura de milho e soja elaborada conforme as exig?ncias de frangos de corte, sendo ?gua e comida fornecidos ad libitum. Aos 14 dias de vida as aves foram infectadas individualmente por via oral com 2 x 105 oocistos esporulados de E. acervulina. A seguir, nos per?odos de 0-7 e 7-14 dias ap?s a infec??o (DAI), foram determinados o ganho de peso, consumo de ra??o, produ??o de oocistos, n?vel de prote?nas plasm?ticas e observados sinais cl?nicos. Necropsias foram realizadas no 0, 4?, 7? e 14? DAI, sendo uma ave de cada repeti??o eutanasiada para realiza??o do escore de les?o, coleta de sangue e de tecido intestinal para histopatologia e mensura??o das vilosidades intestinais. A an?lise laboratorial e preparo dos oocistos foi realizada atrav?s da t?cnica de centrifuga??o em solu??o saturada de a??car seguida de contagem por grama de fezes e mensura??o com ocular microm?trica. A biologia do parasito foi avaliada atrav?s do tempo de esporula??o, per?odo pr?-patente, per?odo patente da infec??o, morfometria de fases end?genas e oocistos e a rela??o com a constante matem?tica Phi. N?o foi observada diferen?a (p>0,05) an?tomo-cl?nica nas aves dos diferentes tratamentos utilizados em rela??o a todos os par?metros utilizados, no entanto a resposta com a beta?na foi semelhante a do tratamento com salinomicina e penicilina G pot?ssica, indicando que h? possibilidade de ser utilizada em substitui??o a este medicamento. Ainda, a beta?na demonstrou capacidade de limitar a produ??o de oocistos frente ao grupo controle, por?m num n?vel inferior a salinomicina. Quanto ? biologia do parasito, embora a beta?na fosse capaz de exercer influ?ncia sob o formato e o tamanho dos oocistos e esporocistos, pouca influ?ncia foi exercida nos est?gios end?genos com base na mensura??o de trofozo?tos e macrogametas. Atrav?s da morfologia foi poss?vel se observar uma grande rela??o entre o desenvolvimento dos esporocistos de E. acervulina e a constante matem?tica Phi.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Janaina Soledad Rodrigues-pdf.pdf: 4634356 bytes, checksum: 26f90dcd5b3f127e6130fc4b467f87d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Cystoisospora felis is an obligatory intracellular parasite that infecting felines of diverse species, that were contaminated by ingesting sporulated oocysts end/or intermediated host harboring monozoic cysts of this species. In this study, 10 Japanese quails were infected with a pure inoculum consisted by 106 sporulated oocysts of C. felis, after 60 days post infection, liver, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius were removed from each quail and they were given to feed to 3 kittens separately. A forth kitten was infected with 106 sporulated oocysts orally. After shedding oocysts by kittens, they were allowed to sporulate. After that, 50 sporulated oocysts of each infection were measured, having as means of Length, Width and Shape Index the following values: 44.30?2.30, 31.30?1.90 ?m and 1.40?0.1 from kitten fed on liver, 46.30?2.20, 32.90?1.90 ?m and 1.40?0.1 from kitten fed on spleen, 44.80?2.20, 31.20?1.60 ?m and 1.40?0.1 from kitten fed on bursa of Fabricius, and 43.60?1.60, 30.80?1.60 ?m and 1.40?0.1 from kitten infected with sporulated oocysts orally as well as C. felis prepatent and patent periods. By analyzing the frequency of the distribution of values was observed that when the source of infection were liver and spleen, the distribution was more homogeneous, which did not occur when was used cloacal bursa or sporulated oocysts as sources of infection. As conclusions in this work, there were no significant differences among de morphometry of the sporulated oocysts, independent of the source of infection. Moreover, the pre-patent and patent were similar when cats fed on infected viscera of quails experimentally infected with sporulated oocysts of C. felis previously when compared with the animal that received 1x106 sporulated oocysts orally. / Cystoisospora felis ? um parasito intracelular obrigat?rio que acomete fel?deos de diversas esp?cies, que podem se contaminar tanto pela ingest?o de oocistos esporulados, quanto pela ingest?o de tecidos de hospedeiros intermedi?rios infectados previamente com oocistos esporulados. Neste estudo, 10 codornas japonesas foram infectadas com um inoculo puro de oocistos esporulados de C. felis na concentra??o de 1 x 106, e ap?s 60 dias, ba?o, f?gado e bursa dessas codornas infectadas foram oferecidos a tr?s filhotes de gato livres de infec??o. Um quarto gato ainda foi infectado com uma suspens?o de 1 x 106 oocistos esporulados de C. felis por via oral. Ap?s o in?cio da elimina??o, os oocistos foram colocados para esporular e, ap?s a esporula??o, 50 oocistos oriundos de cada infec??o foram mensurados, tendo como m?dias de di?metros maior (DM), menor (dm) e ?ndice morfom?trico os seguintes valores: 44,30?2,30, 31,30?1,90 ?m e 1,40?0,1 para os oriundos do animal infectado com f?gado, 46,30?2,20, 32,90?1,90 ?m e 1,40?0,1 para os oocistos do animal infectado com ba?o, 44,80?2,20, 31,20?1,60 ?m e 1,40?0,1 para os oocistos oriundos do animal infectado com bursa e 43,60?1,60, 30,80?1,60 ?m e 1,40?0,1 para os oocistos do animal que recebeu oocistos por via oral. Ao analisar a distribui??o da frequ?ncia dos valores dessas medidas, pude-se observar que quando a fonte de infec??o utilizada foi f?gado e ba?o, a distribui??o foi mais homog?nea, o que n?o ocorreu quando utilizou-se bursa cloacal ou oocistos esporulados como fonte de infec??o. Com estes resultados foi poss?vel concluir que n?o se observaram diferen?as significativas na morfometria dos oocistos de C. felis independente da fonte de infec??o. Al?m disso, os per?odos pr?-patente e patente foram semelhantes quando os gatos livres de infec??o foram alimentados com v?sceras de codornas, infectadas previamente com oocistos esporulados de C. felis em compara??o com o animal que recebeu 1 x 106 oocistos esporulados por via oral.