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1	The Changing Nature of Health Professionals' Work: The Impact of Infectious Disease Kaba, Alyshah 10 1900 (has links) <p><strong>Background.</strong> As disease patterns change, healthcare facilities have had to adapt and create new strategies. Little is known about the impact of infectious disease on the changing nature of work for frontline nurses, healthcare executives laboratory staff, and infection control practitioners (ICPs), in these disciplines in community hospitals. In the past seven years, there has been an increase in the incidence of infectious disease in Ontario (MRSA, VRE, C. difficile). As a result, there has been implementation of new infection control policies and practices, and transparency in the public reporting systems (Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care [MOHLTC], 2008). However, no research has focused on how these changes have impacted the work of health professionals.</p> <p><strong>Purpose.</strong> The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) on the changing nature of work of frontline nurses, healthcare executives, laboratory staff, and infection control practitioners. Methods. The study uses an exploratory descriptive case study design and is situated in South Eastern Ontario (Niagara Health System). The methodology includes document analysis, demographic workforce questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews.</p> <p><strong>Findings.</strong> The findings demonstrate that work has changed for all health professionals because of (1) the continued increase in infectious diseases, (2) the proliferation of infection control policies and practices, (3) the increase in data management and data-based decisions, and (4) increased communication and connectivity required across disciplines.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Implications for future research include the need to address streamlining changes at the healthcare system, institutional, and clinical level. There needs to be an evaluation of the evidence supporting existing institutional policies and procedures, and of the care structures in the management of infectious diseases.</p> / Master of Science (MSc) infectious disease hospital work nurses laboratory staff infection control practitioners executives Medicine and Health Sciences Medicine and Health Sciences
2	Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Canadian Hospitals from 1995 to 2007: A Comparison of Adult and Pediatric Inpatients Locke, Tiffany 12 September 2013 (has links) The literature directly comparing the epidemiology of MRSA among adult and pediatric hospitalized patients is strikingly minimal. The objective of this thesis was to identify any differences between these two patient groups. The Canadian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance Program MRSA data (1995 to 2007: n=1,262 pediatric and 35,907 adult cases) were used to compare MRSA clinical and molecular characteristics and rates. Hospital characteristics were modeled using repeated measures Poisson regressions. The molecular and epidemiological characteristics of MRSA differed significantly between adults and children. Compared to children, MRSA in adults was more likely to be healthcare-associated, colonization, SCCmec type II, PVL negative, and resistant to most antibiotics. Rates of MRSA in Canada increased in both populations over time but were significantly higher in adults. The hospital characteristics associated with increased MRSA rates differed in adult and pediatric facilities. Implications for infection prevention and control strategies are discussed. Epidemiology Humans Cross Infection Hospitals Drug resistance, antimicrobial Infant Child Infant, newborn Child, preschool Age factors Sentinel Surveillance Population Surveilance Canada Hospitals, pediatric Community-Acquired Infections Hospitalization Methicillin Resistance Incidence Molecular Epidemiology Molecular Typing Cluster Analysis Staphylococcal Infection/epidemiology Healthcare Associated Infections Panton-Valentine leukocidin Age Groups Adult Aged Nosocomial Infections MRSA Adolescent Aged, 80 and over Young adult Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial Infection Control Infection Control Practitioners Hospital Bed Capacity Bed Occupancy Pediatrics Epidemiologic Factors Health Facilities Risk Factors Length of Stay Patient Admission Staphylococcus aureus Public Health Agency of Canada
3	Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Canadian Hospitals from 1995 to 2007: A Comparison of Adult and Pediatric Inpatients Locke, Tiffany January 2013 (has links) The literature directly comparing the epidemiology of MRSA among adult and pediatric hospitalized patients is strikingly minimal. The objective of this thesis was to identify any differences between these two patient groups. The Canadian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance Program MRSA data (1995 to 2007: n=1,262 pediatric and 35,907 adult cases) were used to compare MRSA clinical and molecular characteristics and rates. Hospital characteristics were modeled using repeated measures Poisson regressions. The molecular and epidemiological characteristics of MRSA differed significantly between adults and children. Compared to children, MRSA in adults was more likely to be healthcare-associated, colonization, SCCmec type II, PVL negative, and resistant to most antibiotics. Rates of MRSA in Canada increased in both populations over time but were significantly higher in adults. The hospital characteristics associated with increased MRSA rates differed in adult and pediatric facilities. Implications for infection prevention and control strategies are discussed. Epidemiology Humans Cross Infection Hospitals Drug resistance, antimicrobial Infant Child Infant, newborn Child, preschool Age factors Sentinel Surveillance Population Surveilance Canada Hospitals, pediatric Community-Acquired Infections Hospitalization Methicillin Resistance Incidence Molecular Epidemiology Molecular Typing Cluster Analysis Staphylococcal Infection/epidemiology Healthcare Associated Infections Panton-Valentine leukocidin Age Groups Adult Aged Nosocomial Infections MRSA Adolescent Aged, 80 and over Young adult Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial Infection Control Infection Control Practitioners Hospital Bed Capacity Bed Occupancy Pediatrics Epidemiologic Factors Health Facilities Risk Factors Length of Stay Patient Admission Staphylococcus aureus Public Health Agency of Canada

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