Έγιναν 12 αβαθείς γεωτρήσεις (μέγιστο βάθος 1,5m) και λήφθηκαν δείγματα ανά 10 εκατοστά, στο νότιο τμήμα της λεκάνης Δαμασίου στη Θεσσαλία. Το σύνολο των δειγμάτων (36 δείγματα) αναλύθηκαν στο εργαστήριο και έγινε επί τόπου περιγραφή των πυρήνων των γεωτρήσεων. Έπιπλέον έγινε λεπτομερής χαρτογράφηση των εδαφών σε κλίμακα 1:5000. Ο στόχος της διατριβής ήταν να υπολογισθεί ο ρόλος των εδαφικών τύπων στην κατείσδυση του νερού στο καρστικό σύστημα Αμυγδαλέας - Τυρνάβου. Τα στοιχεία που προέκυψαν από τις αναλύσεις δείχνουν ότι μόνο κατά θέσεις ενισχύεται το καρστικό σύστημα, αφού η περατότητα΄που υπολογίσθηκε ήταν μικρή. Το μεγαλύτερο μέρος του ύψους της βροχής απορρέει προς τον Τιταρήσιο ποταμό, που βρίσκεται πλησίον της λεκάνης στο βόρειο τμήμα αυτής. / This study is based on a series of 12 shallow boreholes at a maximum depth of about 1,5m, within the southermost part of Damasion basin, Thessaly. From the boreholes we collected 36 soil samples for laboratory analysis while the entire borehole were described in the field using Mansel Index and lithology description. in the laboratoty samples were analysed for grain size analysis, moisture, plasticity, liquid limiti and placticity. In addition the study area were mapped in a scale of 1:5000. In this study, we have taken the opportunity to investigate the role of the soil in the infiltration of water to the karst system Amugdalea - Tyrnabou. The results showed that only in same places water contributed in the underground movement of the karst system. The hydraulic contuctivity had poor to medium values.

O presente estudo objetivou quantificar a área de o florestamento necessário para compensar as perdas de águas devidas principalmente ao escoamento superficial nas sub-bacias hidrográficas do Fojo e das Perdizes, município de Campos do Jordão SP. As estimativas foram baseadas na metodologia do Florestamento Compensatório para Retenção de Águas de Chuvas em Microbacias Hidrográficas (FLOCRAM), que considera o total médio anual de precipitação, o uso e ocupação do solo, o percentual internacional de 20,55% da água do ciclo hidrológico destinado a infiltrar no solo e a capacidade de infiltração de água no solo. A análise morfométrica revelou que as sub-bacias em estudo são de 4 Ordem, possuem formas alongadas e são pouco sujeitas a enchentes. Juntas as sub-bacias têm uma área total de 2.666,59ha, correspondendo a 9,26% da área do município de Campos do Jordão. Os principais usos e ocupação do solo são: área de floresta com 1.257,89ha, área urbanizada com 434,43ha, área de reflorestamento com 432,45ha, área de campo com 265,08ha e área de pasto com 126,80ha. Os valores médios de infiltração de água no solo foram de 852mm/h para o solo com cobertura do tipo floresta, de 390mm/h para a cobertura vegetal do tipo reflorestamento, 108mm/h para o campo e 36mm/h para a cobertura vegetal do tipo pasto. Segundo a metodologia adotada, com os 20,55% de toda a água que precipita sobre a bacia que deveriam infiltrar no solo, calculou-se a perda de água padrão para estas sub-bacias e constatou-se que a área a mais de floresta necessária para compensar as perdas de água em excesso é de 128,97ha. Com isso, estima-se que a área total de floresta necessária para compensar as perdas de água, principalmente pelo escoamento superficial, é de 1.386,86ha. A aplicação da metodologia de florestamento compensatório leva a necessidade de compensação contínua até atingir a totalidade da área em estudo. / The present study aimed to quantify the forestation area needed to compensate water loss due, mainly, to the superficial runoff in the sub-basins of Fojo and Perdizes, city of Campos do Jordão - SP. The estimates were based on the methodology of Compensatory Forestation for Retention of Rain Water in Watersheds (FLOCRAM), which considers the annual total average of precipitation, the use and occupancy of soil, the international percentage of 20,55% of the water cycle destined to infiltrate the soil and the infiltration capacity of the soil. Morphometric analysis showed that the sub-basins under study are from 4th Order, have expanded shapes and have low risk to flood. Together the sub-basins have a total area of 2.666,59ha, corresponding to 9,26% of Campos do Jordão area. The main uses and soil occupation are: forest area with 1.257,89ha, urbanized area with 434,43ha, reforestation area with 432,45ha, field area with 265,08h, and pasture area with 126,80ha. The average values of infiltration of water in the soil was 852mm/h for soil with forest covering, 390mm/h for vegetation covering, of the type of reforestation, 108mm/h for the field and 36mm/h for the plant covering of the type of pasture. According to the methodology used, with 20,55% of all the water that precipitates on the seat that should permeate the soil, it was estimated the standard loss of water for these sub-basins and it was concluded that the forest area needed to compensate the water loss in excess is 128,97ha. Therefore, it is estimated that the total forest area needed to compensate the loss of water mainly by ice superficial runoff is 1.386,86ha. The applying of the methodology of compensatory forestation takes the need for continuing compensation until reach the whole area under study.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-08-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 casarin_rd_me_botfca.pdf: 1894118 bytes, checksum: a79719f400dc5c1f108825800d1d028c (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A erosão provocada pela água no leito e nas margens das estradas rurais de terra está intimamente relacionada à má drenagem, sendo um dos principais fatores para sua degradação. Para que o sistema de drenagem seja feito de forma adequada é necessário o conhecimento da erodibilidade, capacidade de infiltração de água no solo e adoção de práticas mecânicas de elevação do greide e interceptação de águas através de dispositivos de captação. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi desenvolver um sistema de contenção de águas pluviais em trecho de estrada rural encaixada no terreno, em solo do tipo Argissolo Distrófico Abrúptico de textura arenosa, com base em técnicas de abatimento de taludes, elevação do greide da estrada com abaulamento transversal e desviador do fluxo das águas, seguido de segmentos de terraços embutidos associados a bacias de captação. A área de estudo é em contorno a um trecho da estrada Rural PLA 06 localizada na região Centro-Oeste do Estado de São Paulo com coordenadas geográficas no espigão: Latitude 22º 34’54”S e Longitude 49º 25’02”O e altitude 594 metros e, na parte baixa do trecho: Latitude 22º34‘53”S e longitude 49º24‘34”O e altitude 544 metros. 22º34‘53”S e longitude 49º24‘34”O e altitude 544 metros. As frações granulométricas... / The erosion caused by water in the roadbeds and at the margins of terrene roads in rural areas is closely related to poor drainage, one of the main factors to their degradation. For the drainage system is done in an appropriate manner, knowledge of the erosionability and of the ability of water infiltration into the soil is necessary as well as the adoption of practices of mechanical roadbed lifting and interception of water through reception devices. The goal of this research was to develop a system to contain rain water in a rural stretch of road seated on the ground in the soil type Abruptic Distrophic Argisol of sandy texture, based on techniques for abatement of embankments, raising the roadbeds across the road with bulging deflector and the flow of water, followed by segments of terraces built in association with the catchment basins. The study outline comprehends a stretch of the rural road PLA 06 located in the Central West of Sao Paulo State in the jetty with geographic coordinates: latitude 22 ° 34 '54” S and longitude 49 ° 25' 02”; the altitude is of 594 meters and, at the bottom of the extension: latitude 22 ° 34'53” S and longitude 49 ° 24'34”. The altitude in this stretch is 544 meters... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Eduardo Luiz de Oliveira / Banca: Raimundo Leite Cruz / Banca: Eliane Viviani / Resumo: A erosão provocada pela água no leito e nas margens das estradas rurais de terra está intimamente relacionada à má drenagem, sendo um dos principais fatores para sua degradação. Para que o sistema de drenagem seja feito de forma adequada é necessário o conhecimento da erodibilidade, capacidade de infiltração de água no solo e adoção de práticas mecânicas de elevação do greide e interceptação de águas através de dispositivos de captação. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi desenvolver um sistema de contenção de águas pluviais em trecho de estrada rural encaixada no terreno, em solo do tipo Argissolo Distrófico Abrúptico de textura arenosa, com base em técnicas de abatimento de taludes, elevação do greide da estrada com abaulamento transversal e desviador do fluxo das águas, seguido de segmentos de terraços embutidos associados a bacias de captação. A área de estudo é em contorno a um trecho da estrada Rural PLA 06 localizada na região Centro-Oeste do Estado de São Paulo com coordenadas geográficas no espigão: Latitude 22º 34'54"S e Longitude 49º 25'02"O e altitude 594 metros e, na parte baixa do trecho: Latitude 22º34'53"S e longitude 49º24'34"O e altitude 544 metros. 22º34'53"S e longitude 49º24'34"O e altitude 544 metros. As frações granulométricas ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The erosion caused by water in the roadbeds and at the margins of terrene roads in rural areas is closely related to poor drainage, one of the main factors to their degradation. For the drainage system is done in an appropriate manner, knowledge of the erosionability and of the ability of water infiltration into the soil is necessary as well as the adoption of practices of mechanical roadbed lifting and interception of water through reception devices. The goal of this research was to develop a system to contain rain water in a rural stretch of road seated on the ground in the soil type Abruptic Distrophic Argisol of sandy texture, based on techniques for abatement of embankments, raising the roadbeds across the road with bulging deflector and the flow of water, followed by segments of terraces built in association with the catchment basins. The study outline comprehends a stretch of the rural road PLA 06 located in the Central West of Sao Paulo State in the jetty with geographic coordinates: latitude 22 ° 34 '54" S and longitude 49 ° 25' 02"; the altitude is of 594 meters and, at the bottom of the extension: latitude 22 ° 34'53" S and longitude 49 ° 24'34". The altitude in this stretch is 544 meters... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This diploma thesis is devoted to a rainwater management in commercial and administrative buildings. The goal of this work is to describe rainwater management system with a focus on its later usage. The work is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The first part examines the binding conditions, as well as the individual technologies and devices that must be included in the implementation of a rainwater management system. The practical part of the work is an analysis of the possibility of using rainwater for the needs of the fire brigade in Havlíčkův Brod. The result of this work is a calculation of the approximate payback period of the proposed system.