The essay deals with place name changes in the area Fulda. Although place and water names have a high degree of antiquity and continuity, names are changeable as linguistic entities. After an overview of the positions and observations on this phenomenon, represented by Wilhelm Arnold, Adolf Bach and Rudolf Schützeichel, as well as the impulses of the 1986 Bamberger Symposion on the subject of “place name change”, the term “name change” and its definitional blurring become first of all different types treated by “toponymic variation”. Finally, concrete examples from the Fulda area will be discussed and systematized.

With an altitude of 1370m, the Brenner (or Brennerpass / it. Passo del Brennero) is the lowest mountain pass of the eastern alpine ridge and connects the Austrian province of Tyrol with Southern Tyrol, which – as is well known – had to be ceded to Italy after World War I. Most likely this pass area had constituted a border already in pre-roman times, between two pre-roman tribes, the Breones and the Isarci. The border area was densely wooded, a kind of no-man’s land, and these woods existed up to the High Middle Ages. The actual border ran mitten im Wald ( “in the middle of the wood”). The oldest record is to be found in a mediaeval rent-roll, the Urbar Meinhards II of 1288, wherein a Prennerius de Mittenwalde is assessed as tributary. This would have been a man who either used slash-and-burn agriculture or worked as a charcoal burner. The farm of Heinrich Prenner became very important for the traffic using the pass, and, because of this, the farm name replaced the old geographical name Mittenwald. Since 1338, the name Brenner is used for the geographical position of the pass. Border woods and borders „in the middle of the woods“ can also be documented for other places of Old Tyrol. Prennerius is connected to the German verb brennen, “to burn” – “he who burns sth.”

The place name Libzi and its related names. The place name Leipzig, first mentioned 1015-1018 as Libzi, later Libiz, Libz, Lipczk and finally Leipzig, was previously interpreted as Old Sorbian *Liṕsk(o) ‘place of the linden trees’ as well as Germanic-Old Sorbian *Lib́c or *Lib́sk(o) ‘place in an area of abundant water’. Bernd Koenitz rightly questioned this interpretation and replaced it *Lib́čky was used in addition. Place names of similar formation and meaning in Saxony and Bohemia support this explanation. The article at hand confirms and renders Bernd Koenitz’s interpretations more precisely and places them in a broader context with regard to geographical names and historical settlements. Besides such place names as *Lib́cě there are various others which verify the immigration of Slaves from Bohemia and Moravia. Two multicoloured maps illustrate the results of this research.

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Die Hauptforschungsfrage für die vorliegende Studie lautet also: Ist die Wahl von in Österreich beliebten bzw. üblichen Vornamen (oder zumindest von Vornamen, die ähnlich wie solche Namen klingen) für Kinder mit Migrationshintergrund und damit diese Art von gesellschaftlicher Integration direkt proportional zu einem hohen Bildungsstatus ihrer Eltern?

Ausgangspunkt der nachfolgenden Zusammenstellung war die Bearbeitung eines Teils der in Deutschland bezeugten Familiennamen slawischen Ursprungs bzw. der Familiennamen mit direkt oder indirekt slawischer Etymologie im Rahmen des ‚Digitalen Familiennamenwörterbuchs Deutschlands‘. Zu untersuchen waren die slawischen Familiennamen in ihrer eingedeutschten bzw. in ihrer durch die Deutsche Telekom durch Weglassen der Diakritika entstellten Form.

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