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Includes bibliographies. / The effect of a 0,2 μm air venting in-line filter on the incidence of post-infusion phlebitis was studied in a prospective, controlled, observer-blind investigation of 132 infusions. The filters were changed daily and the infusions were allowed to continue until no longer required, or until there was a reason for discontinuation. Microbiological evaluation of filters, skin at the site of cannulation immediately prior to removal of cannulae, and cannula tips was performed. Particle size analyses of the commonly used intravenous infusion fluids and medicines was also carried out. The incidence of phlebitis was significantly reduced by the inclusion of the filter in-line. The efficacy of the filter in reducing phlebitis was most pronounced when intravenous antimicrobial agents, especially the cephalosporins, were administered. Micro-organisms were isolated from 13% (28/209) of filters which originated from 31% (16/32) of infusions with filters in-line. A relationship could not be established between the number of filters used per infusion or the number of intravenous additives to the infusion system. Phlebitis was not associated with microbial contamination of cannula tips. Medicines for intravenous administration, especially the powders to be reconstituted prior to administration, were heavily contaminated with particulate matter prior to filtration.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1974.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1974.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1974.

<p> The present thesis examined the relative contribution of hypothalamic and nucleus accumbens dopaminergic activity to the control of sucrose sham feeding. Bilateral intracranial infusions of the dopamine antagonist, haloperidol at doses of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 ug, into the hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens produced dose-dependent suppressions of sham feeding of a 15% sucrose solution. No differences in temporal pattern of intake were observed between hypothalamic and nucleus accumbens infusions under drug or vehicle conditions. Also, motor deficits were observed with the highest dose of haloperidol (7.5 ug) while the three lower doses inhibited sham feeding without obvious signs of motor impairment. These results suggest that mesolimbic as well as hypothalamic dopaminergic activity mediate the hedonic aspects of feeding. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Secondary infusions is a common method to deliver short infusions of intravenous (IV) drugs and fluids. Errors associated with this infusion method have led to patient safety concerns. This study's objective was to empirically evaluate interventions to mitigate secondary infusion risks. Three interventions, including a technology-based intervention (clamp detector on a smart pump), a training-based intervention (educational module), and a practice-based intervention (use of a separate pump for short infusions), were tested in a simulated inpatient unit. The technology-based intervention significantly decreased secondary clamp errors whereas the training-based intervention reduced complex pressure differential errors. The practice-based intervention was the only intervention that significantly decreased both secondary clamp errors and pressure differential errors, but introduced new risks due to mismanagement of residual volume in IV tubing. Study results highlight the need for a combination of mitigation strategies and can help guide the selection of interventions to reduce secondary infusion errors.

Secondary infusions is a common method to deliver short infusions of intravenous (IV) drugs and fluids. Errors associated with this infusion method have led to patient safety concerns. This study's objective was to empirically evaluate interventions to mitigate secondary infusion risks. Three interventions, including a technology-based intervention (clamp detector on a smart pump), a training-based intervention (educational module), and a practice-based intervention (use of a separate pump for short infusions), were tested in a simulated inpatient unit. The technology-based intervention significantly decreased secondary clamp errors whereas the training-based intervention reduced complex pressure differential errors. The practice-based intervention was the only intervention that significantly decreased both secondary clamp errors and pressure differential errors, but introduced new risks due to mismanagement of residual volume in IV tubing. Study results highlight the need for a combination of mitigation strategies and can help guide the selection of interventions to reduce secondary infusion errors.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1977.