Šiame darbe nagrinėjama institucinės sąveikos svarba dvikryptės romų integracijos procese. Dvikryptė integracija suvokiama kaip valstybinių institucijų gebėjimas užtikrinti romams teikiamų paslaugų kokybę (teisės dalyvauti ekonominiame, socialiniame, kultūriniame ir politiniame šalies gyvenime) ir romų iniciatyvos įsitraukti į visuomenę, nelaužant nustatytų normų (pvz.: teisėsaugos, išsilavinimo srityse). Taip pat vertinamas trečiųjų, tarpinių, institucijų daromas poveikis politikos įgyvendinimui, kadangi šios institucijos neretai tampa procesą lengvinančiu ir spartinančiu veiksniu. Remiantis teorinėmis naujojo institucionalizmo, racionalaus pasirinkimo ir politinių tinklų veikimo teorijomis, nagrinėjamas Lietuvoje šiuo metu vyraujantis tarpinstitucinis ryšys. Atsižvelgiama ne tik į Lietuvos gerosios praktikos, t.y. sėkmingai įgyvendintų projektų, pavyzdžius, bet ir tarptautinio bendradarbiavimo daromą įtaką dvikryptės integracijos procesui. Pastebima, kad Lietuvoje romų politikos įgyvendinimas šiuo metu apsiriboja daugiau socialinio pobūdžio komentarais ir sprendimais, o ne racionaliu pasirinkimu pagrįstais argumentais. Tai sudaro palankias sąlygas institucinei diskriminacijai, pvz.: neigiamiems valdžios atstovų pasisakymams viešai ir kt.. Atsižvelgiant į finansinius, teisinius ir institucinius veiksnius, Lietuvoje vyrauja stereotipas – didelis miestas-didelė romų bendruomenė-daugiau problemų-daugiau išskirtinumo (tiek dėmesio, tiek finansų prasmėmis). Be to, Lietuvoje ne... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The Roma is a minority group in the European Union (EU), which obstacles with great social, economical and political challenges throughout the entire EU. Despite some theoretical studies and empirical data, no analysis has ever been oriented towards the situation of the Roma in Lithuania. Thus, the objective of this master thesis (The Implementation of the Minority Policy in the European Union: the Roma (Case of Lithuania)) is to analyse the role of institutions in the implementation process of the Roma policy in Lithuania. Both the ways and the methods of the inter-institutional relations enable to find out solutions which can help to improve present situation. It is indicated that both the institutional structure (institu-tions may be governmental, non-governmental, and the Roma communities) and the relations between them determine the way in which policy is implemented. The aim of the thesis is to clarify the main criteria that show the roots of today’s situation of the Roma in Lithuania (institutional perspective) and to foresee the future situation. In order to achieve the aim of the thesis, four main tasks were set: to analyse the model of social policy of the minorities both in the EU and in Lithuania; to clarify the main criteria of the Roma situa-tion in Lithuania (this helps to find out possible solutions); to find the main criteria of judicial-institutional construction of the policy in relation to the best practices throughout the EU; to find the main political... [to full text]

The thesis describes the concept of municipality institutional structure. Historical development of local government, problems and urgent issues of local government after Ruling of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania of 24 December 2002 after which many substantial changes have taken place in the local government structure, one very significant of them being separation of representation and executive institutions and delimitation of their functions, are discussed in this thesis. A summary of changing of institutional structure of Lithuanian municipalities during 1990-2006 is provided, three principal models applied during that period are shortly described and analyzed. New provisions of Law on Local Self-Government and Law on Public Service are compared. Analyzed problems in local government are related with status of director of administration, mayor, member of municipality board, establishment of municipality institutions and enterprises, right of the public servants to work in another positions. Procedure of direct elections of mayor, internal organizational structure of municipalities and other legal aspects of organization of their activity are analyzed, and some problems of legal regulation of activity of these institutions are overviewed. As well the author of thesis submits proposals concerning principal institutional structure models of Lithuanian municipalities and local government election systems which could be chosen and applied in the future... [to full text]