Integrity within employees is on the forefront as a person with integrity is one that is honest and trustworthy. In contrast is an employee with low integrity that could be associated with acts of fraud, corruption and theft. The purpose of this report is to address the proposition that higher integrity levels within employees will lead to lower financial stock losses. In addition the integrity levels of all employees were measured to see whether the integrity level of permanent employees were higher than those of temporary employees. Strategies were implemented in order to develop the integrity level of Clover Nelspruit’s employees. The strategies included addressing the situational factors desirability, group norms and risk together with focusing on communication regarding integrity. The monthly averaged stock loss for the period June to September 05 was considerably lower than the previous eleven months which led to the confirmation that improving a person’s integrity can be positively associated with lower financial losses caused by internal theft. In considering only the employees who passed the lie factor in the measurement instrument the results were also in agreement with the theory that temporary workers might be more likely to engage in counterproductive behaviour than those employed as permanent workers.

Memory integrity protection has been a longstanding issue in trusted system design. Most viruses and malware attack the system by modifying data that they are not authorized to access. With the development of the Internet, viruses and malware spread much faster than ever before. In this setting, protecting the memory becomes increasingly important. However, it is a hard problem to protect the dynamic memory. The data in the memory changes from time to time so that the schemes have to be fast enough to provide real-time protection while in the same time the schemes have to use slow crytographical functions to keep the security level. In this thesis, we propose a new fast authentication scheme for memory. As in previous proposals the scheme uses a Merkle tree to guarantee dynamic protection of memory. We use the universal hash function family NH for speed and couple it with an AES encryption in order to achieve a high level of security. The proposed scheme is much faster compared to similar schemes achieved by cryptographic hash functions such as SHA-1 due to the finer grain incremental hashing ability provided by NH. With a modified version of the proposed scheme, the system can access the data in memory without checking the integrity all the time and still keeps the same security level. This feature is mainly due to the incremental nature of NH. Moreover, we show that combining with caches and parallelism, we can achieve fast and simple software implementation.

Morality has been a central topic of philosophy throughout Western civilization. Integrity is almost synonymous with morality. However, recent widespread corporate scandals challenge our belief that individuals, who at one moment are perceived to live by the standards of integrity, will consistently be moral. Moral self-regulation research (Monin & Miller, 2001; Zhong & Liljenquist, 2006; Zhong, Liljenquist, & Cain, 2009) investigates how people’s perception of their own integrity influences morality and proposes, counter-intuitively, that boosting a sense of integrity would reduce moral behavior (moral licensing) and threatening integrity would increase moral behavior (moral cleansing). This dissertation aims at developing this research by broadening the concept of integrity and by understanding the role that moral identity plays (Aquino & Reed, 2002). I argue that integrity is not only associated with whether one behaves consistently with moral values, but also with whether one behaves consistently with non-moral values, which are also strongly held beliefs but do not involve others’ well-being. Drawing on self-affirmation theory (Steele, 1988), I argue that self-integrity associated with non-moral values (non-moral self-integrity) could influence moral behavior in a similar way as self-integrity associated with moral values (moral self-integrity). I further argue that some individuals are more subject to the influence of self-integrity than others, and moral identity, the relative importance one assigns to morality within one’s self-conception, can identify when concerns with self-integrity will matter in moral domains. Different theories, however, predict two alternative ways that moral identity could moderate licensing and cleansing effects. Evidence from moral identity research suggests that the effects would be weaker among individuals high in moral identity because these individuals are more resilient towards psychological mechanisms that lead to variations in moral behavior. However, self-affirmation theory suggests that the effects would be stronger among individuals high in moral identity because these individuals’ self-integrity are more closely connected to morality and thus they are more likely to manage changes in integrity through moral self-regulation. Four studies were conducted to test the effects of non-moral self-integrity and moral identity on four forms of moral behaviors: volunteering, donating, cheating, and ethical leadership. The accumulative evidence supports the argument that boosted non-moral self-integrity reduced moral behavior and threatened non-moral self-integrity increases moral behavior. In addition, the data supported the prediction derived from self-affirmation theory, namely that licensing and cleansing effects resulting from non-moral self-integrity maintenance were stronger among individuals high in moral identity. This dissertation extends moral self-regulation research by revealing a more thorough connection between integrity and moral behavior and by identifying an important boundary condition of this research. It also has implications for managerial research on leader integrity and using integrity tests in personnel selection.

Morality has been a central topic of philosophy throughout Western civilization. Integrity is almost synonymous with morality. However, recent widespread corporate scandals challenge our belief that individuals, who at one moment are perceived to live by the standards of integrity, will consistently be moral. Moral self-regulation research (Monin & Miller, 2001; Zhong & Liljenquist, 2006; Zhong, Liljenquist, & Cain, 2009) investigates how people’s perception of their own integrity influences morality and proposes, counter-intuitively, that boosting a sense of integrity would reduce moral behavior (moral licensing) and threatening integrity would increase moral behavior (moral cleansing). This dissertation aims at developing this research by broadening the concept of integrity and by understanding the role that moral identity plays (Aquino & Reed, 2002). I argue that integrity is not only associated with whether one behaves consistently with moral values, but also with whether one behaves consistently with non-moral values, which are also strongly held beliefs but do not involve others’ well-being. Drawing on self-affirmation theory (Steele, 1988), I argue that self-integrity associated with non-moral values (non-moral self-integrity) could influence moral behavior in a similar way as self-integrity associated with moral values (moral self-integrity). I further argue that some individuals are more subject to the influence of self-integrity than others, and moral identity, the relative importance one assigns to morality within one’s self-conception, can identify when concerns with self-integrity will matter in moral domains. Different theories, however, predict two alternative ways that moral identity could moderate licensing and cleansing effects. Evidence from moral identity research suggests that the effects would be weaker among individuals high in moral identity because these individuals are more resilient towards psychological mechanisms that lead to variations in moral behavior. However, self-affirmation theory suggests that the effects would be stronger among individuals high in moral identity because these individuals’ self-integrity are more closely connected to morality and thus they are more likely to manage changes in integrity through moral self-regulation. Four studies were conducted to test the effects of non-moral self-integrity and moral identity on four forms of moral behaviors: volunteering, donating, cheating, and ethical leadership. The accumulative evidence supports the argument that boosted non-moral self-integrity reduced moral behavior and threatened non-moral self-integrity increases moral behavior. In addition, the data supported the prediction derived from self-affirmation theory, namely that licensing and cleansing effects resulting from non-moral self-integrity maintenance were stronger among individuals high in moral identity. This dissertation extends moral self-regulation research by revealing a more thorough connection between integrity and moral behavior and by identifying an important boundary condition of this research. It also has implications for managerial research on leader integrity and using integrity tests in personnel selection.

Abstract Entrepreneurship not only is an attractive dream of today's youth, but also a main activity which organizational, economic and social community survives from. Consequently, it has been highly attentive by manageial scholars in recent decades, and triggered off a number of related research and discussion. However, mentality of entrepreneur is not very easy to investigated by research, and entrepreneurial spirit is difficult to discover. Research about entrepreneurship is on the horns of a dilemma when theoretical paradigm is still lack, for the purpose of understanding the current situation and problems of entrepreneurship and also exploring the development of entrepreneurial mentality. In a related study of psychology, early scholars focused on exploring "what kind of people will become entrepreneurs?" which called the personality traits of the entrepreneur. For example, entrepreneur with high-risk tendency, high-need for achievement and high-degree internal control characteristics. But in decades, researches have been still unable to empirically confirm what kind of significant impact the behavior of entrepreneur could be influenced by personality traits of entrepreneur (Baron¡A 1998; Mitchell¡A Busenitz¡A Lant¡A McDoufall¡AMorse¡A Smith¡A 2002)¡CTherefore, this study is to classify the development of entrepreneurial mentality, and to explore the Q organization of the L general manager with dreams achieved his vision. Throughout entrepreneur makes a self-narrative about the entrepreneurial process, our study is to explore the entirety and development of entrepreneurship, and to analyze and interpret from his entering and selecting occupation to investing business in the recallable and narrative history. This research discovers the entrepreneurial process has happened lots of transition from school teacher to real estate salesman to manager to investor, and from taking over the business of real estate to building the new human resources organization, and from multiple independent business to the whole organization, and observes about entrepreneurial mobility, managerial decision-making and the establishment of new business and business integration during the development. From these stories, better understanding about the creating whole process of the entrepreneur is to make several important implications. First, self-ability, interest and clearly strongly actions. Second, adaptability and decision-making capacity. Third, persistence and explicit beliefs. Fourth, from gratified myself to gratified talent and building up the core team Key words: Entrepreneurship¡BIntegrity¡Bnarrative inquiry

Thesis (D. Min.)--Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, Charlotte, NC, 2000. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 227-232).

Thesis (LL. M)--University of Toronto, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, Deerfield, Ill., 1998. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 197-203).

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Washington State University, May 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on May 28, 2009). "Department of Fine Arts." Includes bibliographical references (p. 13).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2007. Graduate Programme in Philosophy. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 267-281). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR39047