Thesis (M.J.) - Carleton University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 179-184). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (doctoral)--University College London, 1996. / BLDSC reference no.: DX223936.

Dissertation (doctoral)--Freie Universität, Berlin 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-223).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Queen's University, 1994. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 283-325).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 283-307).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Nebraska--Lincoln, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, Toronto, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 226-247).

The UN secretary-general plays an important political role in world politics, yet the UN Charter describes him merely as "the chief administrative officer of the Organization". How did such a development come about? The existing narrative tends to emphasise the contribution made by Dag Hammarskjöld, the United Nation's second secretary-general from 1953 to 1961. This thesis argues that there are two problems with this narrative. First, it overlooks the precedents set under the first UN secretary-general, Trygve Lie, who was in office from 1946 to 1953. Second, it places too much emphasis on the personal role played by Hammarskjöld, and fails to adequately consider the importance of institutional factors. The main empirical contribution of this thesis is to highlight the importance of precedents set during the first years of the UN's existence while Lie was secretary-general. Through his active stance on political issues in relation to Iran, Palestine, Berlin, Chinese representation, and Korea, as well as his consistently strong defence of the UN's unity and principles, Trygve Lie succeeded in carving out space for the secretary-general to act autonomously on political issues, which later secretaries-general could build on. The thesis' main theoretical contribution is to emphasise the importance of institutional factors in the development of the UN secretary-general's political role. In a conceptual framework based on institutionalism, the thesis explains how the UN secretary-general should be understood to play a 'role' within the 'institution' of the United Nations, and how this makes change of the role and the institution possible. Furthermore, through an examination of the founding of the United Nations and early expectations for the role of the secretary-general, the thesis shows that the institution of the United Nations had been set up from the start in such a way that it not only allowed for an expansion of the office of UN secretary-general, but also made such an expansion likely. The body of the thesis demonstrates how this process played out over time, by examining Lie's activities as secretary-general, and offering a historical narrative of several episodes where the institution 'pulled' to expand the office, just as much as, or even more than, Lie 'pushed' for the same outcome.

As the world becomes more connected, issues surrounding sustainable development are coming to the fore of global discussions. This is exemplified in strategies such as the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), released in 2015, which created a framework for global development that defines specific goals for issues like poverty, climate change, and social justice. To complement the analysis that went into defining the SDGs, capital allocations around the world are becoming more impact focused so that the paradigm of development is shifting from donations to impact investments. The push for impact, however, has led to a homogenization of global challenges like reproductive health and poverty. This, in turn, has led to a standardization of information resulting in agencies designing interventions based on data and information that is misguided because of incorrect assumptions about a specific context. This paper explores how the decision-making mechanisms of global development agencies and investors could apply more anthropological processes to mitigate negative impact. As the development sector becomes more and more standardized, anthropologists can act as translators between affected communities and the institutions deciding how best to help them.

The subject area of this thesis is the proposed international sea regime. The regime in this context refers to the proposed international organization to control the resources of the sea-bed beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. Regime in the above context has a specific meaning and should not be confused with the more general meaning of a regime of the sea. In the more general sense a regime of the sea would encompass the entire law of the sea. Such a broad scope is not intended, therefore no treatment of fishing rights, limitation of nuclear arms, extensive oil deposits at centers are attempted except as they specifically relate to the proposed ocean regime and its jurisdiction.