Doctoral dissertation. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

The overwhelming amount of online news presents a challenge called news information overload. To mitigate this challenge we propose a system to generate a causal network of news topics. To extract this information from distributed news sources, a system called Forest was developed. Forest retrieves documents that potentially contain causal information regarding a news topic. The documents are processed at a sentence level to extract causal relations and news topic references, these are the phases used to refer to a news topic. Forest uses a machine learning approach to classify causal sentences, and then renders the potential cause and effect of the sentences. The potential cause and effect are then classified as news topic references, these are the phrases used to refer to a news topics, such as “The World Cup” or “The Financial Meltdown”. Both classifiers use an algorithm developed within our working group, the algorithm performs better than several well known classification algorithms for the aforementioned tasks. In our evaluations we found that participants consider causal information useful to understand the news, and that while we can not extract causal information for all news topics, it is highly likely that we can extract causal relation for the most popular news topics. To evaluate the accuracy of the extractions made by Forest, we completed a user survey. We found that by providing the top ranked results, we obtained a high accuracy in extracting causal relations between news topics.

The overwhelming amount of online news presents a challenge called news information overload. To mitigate this challenge we propose a system to generate a causal network of news topics. To extract this information from distributed news sources, a system called Forest was developed. Forest retrieves documents that potentially contain causal information regarding a news topic. The documents are processed at a sentence level to extract causal relations and news topic references, these are the phases used to refer to a news topic. Forest uses a machine learning approach to classify causal sentences, and then renders the potential cause and effect of the sentences. The potential cause and effect are then classified as news topic references, these are the phrases used to refer to a news topics, such as “The World Cup” or “The Financial Meltdown”. Both classifiers use an algorithm developed within our working group, the algorithm performs better than several well known classification algorithms for the aforementioned tasks. In our evaluations we found that participants consider causal information useful to understand the news, and that while we can not extract causal information for all news topics, it is highly likely that we can extract causal relation for the most popular news topics. To evaluate the accuracy of the extractions made by Forest, we completed a user survey. We found that by providing the top ranked results, we obtained a high accuracy in extracting causal relations between news topics.

This diploma thesis is focused on information and communication technologies, which became nowadays a part of our live at schools . The aim of this thesis is to introduce the term ICT, introduce its history, describe individual kind of ICT, didactical function and in the end shows the negative and positive sides of ICT. The practical part looks at the difference in using information and communication technologies among teachers at primary schools in region such as Prague and Královéhradecký. The last part is focused only on Prague teachers, their using ICT at schools during teaching, their opinions and experience with ICT.

This diploma thesis describes the Internet as a medium which offers a wide spectrum of services, information, possibilities and furthermore as an omnipotent tool for searching information. This modern medium is specified, characterized, described and defined. The diploma thesis indicates what the Internet includes and what services it offers. Main concepts and options of searching and acquiring information are indicated as well. The practical part of the diploma thesis includes realization and following evaluation of a question-form investigation, which characterizes behaviour of a Czech Internet user. The goal is to prepare a suitable question-form about the behaviour of Internet users, to distribute the question-form and to evaluate and analyze the modern Czech Internet user by utilizing the resulting data and other study material.

Zugl.: Regensburg, Univ., Diss., 2008

Humboldt-Univ., Diss.--Berlin, 2003.

The thesis aims on methods and strategies usable for information retrieval on the internet as we know it today and points at how the requirements on knowledge of end-user and abilities to use different information sources have been changing; in other words it points the increasing demands on information literacy. The document is divided into three parts. The first one briefly provides an introduction to strategies of information retrieval. The second part deals on theoretic basis with tools and information sources for searching on the both surface and deep web. The author also focuses on social web and its special attributes from the searcher's point of view. The third part represents a practical utilization of knowledge from previous parts. Practical part demonstrates on model examples a nature and kind of information we can retrieve from particular resources.

The overall purpose of this project is to create a tool that will be able to generate reports for measurements and calculations performed by the Perception system. At present, this is a manual procedure that is both time-consuming, inefficient, and increases the risk of error. Since Perception is developed in C#, the reporting tool will be developed in ASP.NET Core with C# based on the MVC pattern and all data will be stored in Microsoft's SQL server. Transfer of data between systems will be handled by export files that Perception can generate as well as a self-developed import function in the reporting tool. With a few simple settings and options, the operators will be able to generate reports for the selected project and then copy them to the final report. Initial work with design and usability, based on the existing graphic profile, will result in an application that significantly facilitates the work of producing test reports. To make the design appealing, Bootstrap and self-written CSS will be used and to make the user experience as good as possible, JavaScript and AJAX will be used together with jQuery and thus be able to provide relevant information without the need of page reload. Focus will be placed on validating imported data to ensure that correct information is available and stored in the database. To further help the users, relevant messages will show status both in case of problems but also in case of successful procedures. / Det övergripande syftet, för detta projekt, är att skapa ett verktyg som ska kunna generera rapporter för mätningar och beräkningar utförda i systemet Perception. I dagsläget är detta ett manuellt förfarande som både är tidskrävande och ineffektivt vilket också ger en ökad risk för felkällor. Eftersom Perception är utvecklat i C# kommer rapportverktyget att utvecklas i ASP.NET Core med C# baserat på MVC-mönstret och all data kommer lagras i Microsofts SQL server. Överföringen av data mellan systemen kommer att ske med hjälp av de exportfiler som Perception kan generera samt en egenutvecklad importfunktion i rapportverktyget. Med några enkla inställningar och val ska operatörerna kunna generera rapporter för valt projekt och sedan kunna kopiera dem till slutrapporten. Ett inledande arbete med design och användbarhet, som grundar sig på den befintlig grafisk profilen, ska mynna ut i en applikation som väsentligt underlätta arbetet med att producera testrapporter. För att göra designen tilltalande kommer Bootstrap och egenskriven CSS att användas och för att användarupplevelsen ska bli så bra som möjligt kommer JavaScript samt AJAX att användas tillsammans med jQuery och på så vis kunna ge relevant information utan att sidan behöver uppdateras. Stort fokus kommer att läggas på kontroller av importerad data för att säkerställa att rätt information finns representerat samt sparas till databasen. För att ytterligare underlätta för användarna ska relevanta meddelanden ge status både vid problem men också vid lyckade procedurer.

Improvements in technology and the Internet have seen a rapid rise in the use of technology in various sectors such as medicine, the courts and banking. The conveyancing sector is also experiencing a similar revolution, with technology touted as able to improve the effectiveness of the land registration process. In some jurisdictions, such as New Zealand and Canada, the paper-based land registration system has been replaced with one in which creation, preparation, and lodgement of land title instruments are managed in a wholly electronic environment. In Australia, proposals for an electronic registration system are under way. The research question addressed by this thesis is what would be the impact on fraud of automating the registration process. This is pertinent because of the adverse impact of fraud on the underlying principles of the Torrens system, particularly security of title. This thesis first charts the importance of security of title, examining how security of title is achieved within the Torrens system and the effects that fraud has on this. Case examples are used to analyse perpetration of fraud under the paper registration system. Analysis of functional electronic registration systems in comparison with the paper-based registration system is then undertaken to reveal what changes might be made to conveyancing practices were an electronic registration system implemented. Whether, and if so, how, these changes might impact upon paper based frauds and whether they might open up new opportunities for fraud in an electronic registration system forms the next step in the analysis. The final step is to use these findings to propose measures that might be used to minimise fraud opportunities in an electronic registration system, so that as far as possible the Torrens system might be kept free from fraud, and the philosophical objectives of the system, as initially envisaged by Sir Robert Torrens, might be met.