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Participating in organized sports activities can result in developmental benefits to the adolescent. Increased fitness, self-esteem, competency, academic success and increased recognition by peers are few of the benefits cited by researchers. Participation can also provide opportunities for developmental liabilities to occur. Researchers have cited liabilities such as stress, anxiety and physiological injury. Developmental benefits and liabilities have been the foci of the controversy that has existed over adolescents participating in interscholastic sports programs in the middle and junior high school. Although research has studied the impact of interscholastic sports on the high school and collegiate athlete, few studies have investigated the impact of interscholastic sports on the middle school athlete. This qualitative case study of four middle school athletes investigated the benefits and liabilities of participating on an interscholastic team to the adolescent athlete. Based on the literature, four domains were identified as benefits and two domains were identified as liabilities. These six domains were achievement, competency, fitness, self-esteem, sports injuries, stress and anxiety. Interviews were held with students, coaches and parents. These interviews were based on domain specific questions. A journal was kept, and a document review of achievement, attendance and medical records was completed. The study revealed a pattern of improved grades, increased skill levels in the sport, improved fitness, and increased self-esteem. The students experienced injuries and moments of stress and anxiety. / Ed. D.

The purpose of this study was to determine the educational value of the University Interscholastic League to the school child of Texas in relation to the expenditure of time and means.

This study describes the development of the Interscholastic League Press Conference, its goals, intents, and membership growth from its inception through 1980. The current director and all available past directors of the organization were interviewed and the organization's records researched for insight into the history of the organization. This study concludes that the organization and its directors have influenced the development of high school journalism in the state of Texas through convention sessions, critiques, and judging of newspapers and yearbooks. The organization's founder, DeWitt Reddick, exerted a lifelong influence through his personal involvement and his influencce in the selection of six of his seven successors.

The primary purpose of this study is to survey the attitudes of high school teachers toward the oral interpretation contests of the University Interscholastic League in Texas. The secondary purpose is to trace the development of those contests from their inception to the present time. The thesis contains four chapters: I -- An explanation of the purposes and procedures followed in the study. II -- A history of the interpretation competition in the Texas University Interscholastic League. III -- A compilation of the results of a questionnaire mailed to 240 selected teachers. IV -- A summary of the attitudes reflected in the questionnaires and recommendations for changes in the current structure of the University Interscholastic League.

The problem is to study the aims of the University Interscholastic League of Texas and evaluate them in the light of the aims of education as set up by authorities in the fields of education and to study the present method of conducting the League activities in Johnson County and evaluate the activities in the light of the aims of education and the data obtained from superintendents in the Conference B schools of Johnson County.

The purpose of this study is to present an analysis of University Interscholastic League activities in the light of modern objectives and principles and to evaluate the reaction of the elementary school teachers and principals to the League activities as they affect children, teachers, and the community. It will attempt to point out and analyze the objectives and principles for elementary school activities. It is hoped that it will cause elementary school teachers and principals of the state to cooperate in solving the problem of Interscholastic League activities in the elementary schools of Texas.

A review of the literature indicates that there has been no previous studies on Virginia Athletic Directors (ADs) and their knowledge of school law. Several researchers have studied other educators' knowledge of school law. In general, previous studies on educators' knowledge of school law demonstrates that educators do not have a comprehensive working knowledge of school law. ADs differ from those studied previously due to the lack of unified certification requirements for ADs in the Commonwealth of Virginia. This study was designed to measure Virginia interscholastic ADs' knowledge of job related school law. In addition, the study analyzed the data for any significant relationships between ADs' knowledge of school law and other variables. Such variables include age, experience, size of school district, level of education, administration and supervision endorsement, type of legal training, methods for obtaining current school law information and/or updates, membership in professional organizations, national certification level. Of the 315 Virginia public high school Ads, 305 were surveyed and 140 responded, for a response rate of 45.9%. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA analysis. Statistical analysis revealed that ADs in larger schools scored significantly higher than ADs in smaller schools. Also, ADs with that possessed the 'Certified Athletic Administrator' (CAA) credential scored significantly higher than ADs that have not attained the CAA certification. Lastly, ADs that are members of both the state and national ADs association (VIAAA and NIAAA, respectively) scored significantly higher than ADs who are not members of both associations. / Ed. D. / There have been several past studies on various educators’ knowledge of school law. In general, these studies demonstrated that educators do not have a comprehensive working knowledge of school law. A review of the literature indicates no previous studies of Virginia Athletic Directors’ (ADs) knowledge of school law exist. ADs differ from those studied previously due to the lack of unified certification requirements for ADs in the Commonwealth of Virginia. This study measured Virginia interscholastic ADs’ knowledge of job-related school law. The study also analyzed data for any significant relationships between ADs’ knowledge of school law and other variables such as age, experience, size of school district, level of education, administration and supervision endorsement, type of legal training, methods for obtaining current school law information and/or updates, membership in professional organizations, national certification level. A total of 305 Virginia public school ADs were surveyed and 140 responded, for a response rate of 45.9%. Statistical analysis revealed that ADs in larger schools scored significantly higher than ADs in smaller schools. Also, ADs that possessed the “Certified Athletic Administrator” credential scored significantly higher than ADs that have not attained the certification. Lastly, ADs that are members of both the state and national AD associations scored significantly higher than ADs who are not members of both associations. The significant relationships found in the research can be used to help ADs become more legally literate. Such knowledge helps mitigate risk and safeguards those under the care and supervision of the AD.

This biography of Prince Elmer Shotwell particularly emphasizes his contributions to Texas interscholastic athletics, to the University Interscholastic League, and to the Texas High School Coaches' Association. Data for this life study are from both primary and secondary sources, human and documentary as well. Shotwell's personal files and scrapbooks are used extensively, and supplementary data come from biographical data forms and tape-recorded personal interviews. The study includes biographical data of Shotwell's youth, educational background, marriage, and his endeavors in the teaching and coaching fields.The study discloses that Shotwell made contributions in various modes throughout his more than fifty years in the profession. Most of his professional endeavors were superimposed by his consistent personality traits of enthusiasm, industry, intensity, and persistence.

This was a study of the status of coaches of boys' interscholastic basketball in class A senior high schools in Texas.