Abstract not available

Techn. Universiẗat, Diss.--Darmstadt, 2007.

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in abundance of Nematoda, Gastrotricha, and Harpacticoida between depths in the sediment at various tide levels and between depths at various sites with increasing time of exposure. It also examines the relationship between the abundances of meiofaunal groups and the mean grain size of the sediment. This study was also a part of the continual baseline-data gathering program for the South Slough Estuarine Sanctuary, Delane A. Munson, Manager.

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is associated with increased neuronal release of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EP) into myocardial interstitial fluid (ISF) that may be necessary in sustaining left ventricular (LV) function via activation of cardiomyocyte β-adrenergic receptors (ARs). However, activation of neuronal β-ARs on cardiac neurons may lead to further catecholamine release, with an attendant risk of functional deterioration. We hypothesize that a beneficial effect of β-AR blockade may therefore mitigate excessive catecholamine release from cardiac adrenergic neurons in dogs with MR. We measured the effects of chronic β-receptor blockade (β-RB) on ISF NE and EP release using in vivo microdialysis in open-chest anesthetized dogs after 4 wk of MR with or without extended release of metoprolol succinate (100 mg/day) as well as in control dogs. Fractional shortening increased by 30% in both MR and MR + β-RB dogs after 4 wk of MR. In MR + β-RB dogs, stellate-stimulated heart rate change was attenuated compared with control and MR dogs, whereas peak change of LV pressure over time (+dP/dt) increased equally in all groups. Stellate-stimulated ISF NE increased fivefold over baseline in MR versus twofold in control dogs (<0.05), but the NE release was significantly attenuated in MR + β-RB dogs. In contrast, stellate-stimulated increases in ISF EP did not differ in control, MR, and MR + β-RB dogs. This study demonstrates that β-RB attenuates ISF NE release from cardiac neurons and that the LV functional response to MR is not dependent on an excess increase in ISF NE. Thus β1-RB may exert a beneficial effect by attenuating untoward effects of excessive sympathetic efferent neural NE release while sustaining early LV functional adaptation to MR.

Amikacin-, vancomycin- or amikacin/clindamycin-impregnated gel was placed subcutaneously on either side of horses' necks a total of 6 times each. Interstitial fluid was collected at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours, and days 2 through 10, via capillary ultrafiltration probes placed within the incision (0cm) and 1.5cm laterally. Plasma or serum was collected at days 0, 1 and 7. Biopsy samples were obtained at the completion of the study. A histomorphologic score was assigned to each sample, and the differences in mean scores between treatment (gel) and control incisions were assessed using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Amikacin and vancomycin samples were analyzed via fluorescence polarization immunoassay; clindamycin samples were analyzed via high performance liquid chromatography. Concentrations greater than 2000 times the MIC of vancomycin and clindamycin, greater than 1000 times the MIC of amikacin, and greater than 800 times the MIC of amikacin (amikacin/clindamycin gel) were obtained at 0cm. Mean concentrations remained above MIC for vancomycin and clindamycin for 10 days (0cm) and 8 days (1.5cm); for 9 days (0cm) and 7 days (1.5cm) for amikacin gel; and for 9 days (0cm) and 5 days (1.5cm) for amikacin (amikacin/clindamycin gel). Mean plasma amikacin and vancomycin concentrations were negligible; serum clindamycin concentrations were greater than MIC (0.52µg/ml and 0.63µg/ml) at 24 hours and 7 days respectively. There were no significant differences in histomorphologic scores between treatment and control incisions. Cross-linked dextran gel is a safe, effective alternative for local antibiotic delivery in horses, with substantially high local concentrations and minimal systemic absorption for amikacin- and vancomycin-impregnated gels. / Master of Science

No description available.

The IF steel was cycled at strain amplitude of £`max = 0.3% and the samples were cycled at 3000¡B6000 and 13000 for observation of surface crack, respectively. The microstructure of the surface and interior of IF steel were examined by the SEM under BEI/ECCI mode. At 3000 cycles, we can find that many persistent slip bands (PSBs) form in grains, but it¡¦s not easy to find cracks. The main microstructures in the interior are dislocation loop patches and dislocation walls. The microstructures at the surface are dislocation cells, and we find the dislocation cells arrange along their prefer orientation in some grains. At 6000 cycles, there are many cracks on the surface, but the depth of cracks may be less than 10£gm. The mainly microstructures in the interior and on the surface are almost the same as those at 3000 cycles, but very few dislocation cells can be observed in the interior. When the fatigue cycles increase to 13000 cycles, there are many long cracks on the surface. The microstructure of crack tips are misorientation cells and the size of misorientation cells are less than 2£gm. It means that the length of cracks will develop if the fatigue cycles increase. As the result of the observation of surface cracks longer than 50 um in samples at 6000 and 13000 cycles, the microstructure of crack tips consists of misorientation cells which imply a propagating crack.

This work is aimed to understand the mechanisms for evolution and reversed evolution of dislocation structure under variable strain amplitudes, using automotive-grade interstitial-free steels (IF steel) under strain ratio (R) = 0 condition. The microstructures were mainly examined by the SEM under BEI/ECCI mode and TEM were used for this study. Near the endurance limit, the dislocation cells smaller than 2£gm develop preferably along grain boundaries and triple junctions among the grains. Within grain interiors, it is hardly observed these small dislocation cells and cyclic hardening even at £`max =0.2%. When strain amplitudes were controlled at a range from £`max = 0.25% to 0.6%, a secondary cyclic hardening occurs prior to fatigue failure and less than 2um dislocation cells rapidly developed thoroughly. The secondary hardening rates were found to be directly proportional to the strain amplitudes. For high-low strain fatigue tests, while the maximum strain was decreased from 1.2% to 0.2% or 0.15%, dislocation cells were collapsed first and re-grouped into loop-patch structures due to the gliding behavior of dislocations changing from multiple-slips to single-slip. However, once the strain range is further reduced to 0.1%, dislocation cells would persist, showing no signs of collapse. Moreover, the reversal development of dislocation structures is independent of strain ratio. Furthermore newly developed loop patches are usually confined within dislocation domains with very condensed dislocation cell walls with high boundary misorientation.

AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF DAVID KELLY, for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in ENGLISH, presented on APRIL 21, 2014, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: "EOLAS TO MA:" CONSTRUCTION OF POSTNATIONAL SPACE IN THE INTERSTITIAL VISIONS OF HEANEY, CARSON AND MORRISSEY MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Michael Molino In his 1997 work Postnationalist Ireland, Richard Kearney addresses the issue of the Irish community today. He notes how an Irish diaspora of seventy million "challenged the inherited definitions of state nationalism" (99). He then notices how "the Irish word for province is coiced which means fifth" (99) and, though contemporary Ireland is divided into four provinces, earlier traditions included a "`middle' or the `fifth province'" (99). It is in this medial space, whose boundaries are not geographical or political but, for Kearney, "more like a disposition" (100), that Irish postnational identity can be reimagined as the interplay between the local and global communities. After all, Kearney asserts, "Irish culture rediscovers its best self...in its encounter with other cultures...." (101). My study will argue that this postnational sense of Irish identity is a preoccupation of three waves of Northern Irish poets: Seamus Heaney, Ciaran Carson and Sinead Morrissey. It is best depicted through an analysis of each poet's use of the concepts of "center," "war," "home," and "travel." My research will focus primarily on Heaney's version of Builhe Suibhne , Sweeney Astray, and District and Circle, Carson's retranslation of The Táin and Belfast Confetti, and Morrissey's Between Here and There and analyze the strategies of each of these writers as they re-present a contemporary postnational Irish identity that is shaped by local and international forces. Despite the recognized importance of Heaney, Carson and Morrissey as insightful poetic commentators on "The Troubles," a three decade long period of violent political and social turmoil (1968-1995), these three authors' use of Japanese elements in their verse tends to be overlooked. And, despite each writer's familiarity with the others' work, they are not often discussed together. My comparative study of these authors will aim to show how their interstitial vision embedded in distinctive Early Irish translations and use of Japanese religio/aesthetic elements in their contemporary verse, create a third space, a postnational center. In order to analyze how each poet constructs a regional/global identity, this study will examine and compare such transitional cultural and linguistic processes as "liminality," "ma," and the act of poetic translation. Morrissey's verse, in particular, often succinctly and exactly frames these issues expressed by her senior colleagues, so her poetry will be frequently employed as a lens for examining Heaney's and Carson's poetry.

No description available.