Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:13:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Ana Lucia Camphora Pacheco.pdf: 1375045 bytes, checksum: 6768ce544f51f77ca3f3e5557d3210a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-04 / This research focused upon the institutional environment of the implementation of the environmental compensation process within federal licensing procedures, in the period from 2000 to 2008. The instrument was established by Article 36 of Federal Law 9985/2000, to compensate immitigable impacts of development projects, providing a means to indemnify society for these damages. Enterprises environmental compensations are applied toward priority actions to benefit integrally protected areas, constituting a significant non-budgetary source for the economic sustainability of the National System of Conservation Units. The theoretical principles underlying the New Institutional Economics permit an examination of the unstable institutional and administrative structures of the instrument s management. Significant conditions of uncertainty for the entrepreneur and loss of resources destined for protected areas indicate the limited governance prevalent in these arrangements. In this sense, the hypothesis that governance schema are an essential component in the regulatory arrangements of environmental polices was taken as an analytical basis for this investigation. The analysis of the mechanism s institutional gaps, and consequent transactions costs, consisted in a revision of its legal and normative bases, and of the absence of transparency and social control over its implementation. Within this delimitation, the study explored the dimensions of the specific governance challenges in environmental compensation instruments, in which, in large measure, choices and decisions must be made under conditions of uncertainty. / Esta pesquisa focaliza o ambiente institucional de implementa??o da compensa??o ambiental, na esfera dos licenciamentos federais, no per?odo de 2000 a 2008. O instrumento foi institu?do pelo Art. 36? da Lei Federal 9.985/2000, e incide sobre os impactos ambientais n?o mitig?veis de projetos econ?micos, propiciando uma forma de ressarcimento da sociedade por esses danos. Compensa??es devidas pelo empreendimento s?o aplicadas em a??es priorit?rias no benef?cio de unidades de conserva??o de prote??o integral, constituindo dessa forma, uma fonte n?o or?ament?ria significativa para a sustentabilidade econ?mica do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conserva??o. Os princ?pios te?ricos que norteiam a Nova Economia Institucional auxiliaram no exame das inst?veis bases institucionais e administrativas que marcam a gest?o do instrumento. Condi??es de incerteza para o empreendedor e perdas significativas dos recursos destinados ?s unidades de conserva??o reportam ?s prec?rias bases de governan?a de seu arcabou?o regulat?rio. Desse modo, a hip?tese de que componentes de governan?a destacam-se como essenciais nos arranjos regulat?rios das pol?ticas ambientais foi tomada como eixo anal?tico condutor desta investiga??o. A an?lise das lacunas institucionais do mecanismo, e conseq?entes custos de transa??o, consistiu na revis?o de suas bases legais e normativas, e das condi??es de aus?ncia de transpar?ncia e controle social sobre sua implementa??o. Com base nesse mapeamento, foram dimensionados desafios de governan?a espec?ficos dos mecanismos de compensa??o ambiental, onde grande parte das escolhas e decis?es s?o tomadas em condi??es onde a incerteza tende a prevalecer.