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"There's life and then there's school" : school and community as contradictory contexts for Inuit selfknowledgeDouglas, Anne S. January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
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Vieillissement en bonne santé dans l'Inuit Nunangat : vers un modèle géographique des déterminants sociaux de la santéBaron, Marie 04 February 2021 (has links)
Contexte. L’augmentation du nombre de personnes âgées inuit est un phénomène récent dans les communautés nordiques et crée de nouveaux défis socio sanitaires. Cependant, les connaissances sur les déterminants sociaux (DSS) du vieillissement en bonne santé des populations inuit sont limitées. La définition inuit de la santé est holistique et géographique : la santé est créée par les interactions entre les individus et leur environnement. Cette dimension géographique est centrale pour comprendre comment les DSS favorisent un vieillissement en bonne santé, mais est rarement incluse dans les modèles de DSS inuit. Ma thèse de doctorat a pour but de conceptualiser et d’opérationnaliser un modèle des déterminants sociogéographiques du vieillissement en bonne santé dans les communautés inuit. Trois objectifs de recherche sont poursuivis : 1) conceptualiser, opérationnaliser et valider le concept de santé pour les Inuit âgés de 50 et plus ; 2) identifier les DSS à l’échelle individuelle, du logement et de la communauté associés à un vieillissement en bonne santé ; et 3) explorer la dimension géographique dans les mécanismes connectant les DSS au vieillissement en bonne santé. Méthodes. Cette thèse a été réalisée avec une méthodologie mixte et un devis exploratoire et explicatif. Les données qualitatives utilisées pour conceptualiser la définition de la santé proviennent d'ateliers organisés dans deux communautés du Nunavik en 2016. Des analyses de classes latentes ont été réalisées avec les données de l'Enquête auprès des peuples autochtones de 2006 (n = 850 Inuit ≥ 50 ans) pour opérationnaliser la définition de la santé en un indicateur holistique de santé. Les associations entre l’indicateur de santé holistique et les DSS mesurés aux échelles, individuelle, du logement et de la communauté ont été modélisées avec des régressions multinomiales. Une collecte de données a été réalisée à Baker Lake, Nunavut, à l'aide d'entretiens approfondis et d'un groupe de discussion auprès de 20 participants âgés de 50 à 86 ans pour explorer la dimension géographique des DSS et comprendre les mécanismes les connectant à la santé. Des analyses thématiques ont été réalisées sur ces données. Résultats. La santé était définie avec huit concepts : la santé générale, les limitations physiques, la santé mentale, la spiritualité, les comportements de santé, parler inuktitut, avoir des relations positives et de l’affection. Un indicateur de santé holistique à trois catégories a été créé avec les analyses de classes latentes : les participants en « bonne santé » pour tous les indicateurs, ceux ayant un profil de « santé intermédiaire » et les participants en « mauvaise santé » pour la plupart des indicateurs. Les associations entre l'indicateur de santé holistique et les DSS aux échelles individuelle, du logement et de la communauté étaient différentes pour les trois profils de santé. Par rapport à ceux ayant un profil de mauvaise santé, les personnes âgées inuit en bonne santé avaient plus de chance d'avoir de forts liens familiaux dans la communauté et de participer à des activités sociales. Celles ayant un profil de santé intermédiaire avaient plus de chances de vivre dans une communauté avec un statut socio-économique élevé et dans des logements en meilleures conditions. Les participants de ces deux profils étaient plus susceptibles que ceux en mauvaise santé d’avoir participé à des activités sur le territoire au cours de la dernière année. Les mécanismes géographiques liant les DSS au vieillissement en bonne santé ont été identifiés lors des entrevues et d’un groupe de discussion avec des aînés à Baker Lake. Des activités familiales et communautaires favorisaient les relations sociales positives et les connections symboliques au territoire, notamment le partage de nourriture traditionnelle. Des conditions de logement et des services communautaires adaptés à la santé des personnes âgées permettaient aux ainés de vieillir dans leur communauté. Des moyens de transports et d’informations adaptés étaient des facteurs facilitant l’accès aux ressources favorables à la santé entre les échelles du logement, de la communauté et du territoire. Conclusion. La dimension géographique des DSS conceptualisée dans cette thèse est centrale pour comprendre comment ces déterminants sociogéographiques influencent le vieillissement en bonne santé. Ces connaissances sont nécessaires pour guider l’élaboration et l’implémentation des politiques et des programmes sociaux et de santé adaptés au contexte de vieillissement en bonne santé dans les communautés inuit. / Background: The aging of the Inuit population is a new phenomenon creating new and unique social and health challenges across the Arctic. There is relatively limited evidence about the health profile and the social determinants of health (SDH) for Inuit elders. The definition of Inuit health is holistic, and is anchored in a geographical dimension such that health is created through interactions between people and the land. This geographic dimension is central to understand the role of SDH in supporting healthy aging, yet are seldom included in Inuit SDH models. The overall aim of my doctoral thesis is to conceptualize and operationalize a model of the sociogeographic determinants supporting healthy aging in Inuit communities. This model is built in coherence with Inuit’s definition of health which is The thesis follows three research objectives: 1) to conceptualize, operationalize and validate the concept of health for older Inuit aged 50 years and over; 2) to identify social determinants of health (SDH) at the individual, housing, and community levels associated with healthy aging; and 3) to explore the geographical dimension of the mechanisms connecting the social determinants to healthy aging. Methods: This thesis employs a mixed-methods exploratory and explanatory research design. Qualitative data used to conceptualize the definition of health for Inuit elders were retrieved from workshops conducted in two Nunavik communities in 2016. Using quantitative data from the 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (APS) (n = 850 Inuit ≥ 50 years), latent class analyses was then used to operationalize the definition of health into a holistic indicator health. Associations between this indicator and selected SDH at the individual, housing and community scales were modelled using multinomial regressions. To further explore the geographical dimension of the SDH, and to understand the mechanisms linking the SDH to health, in-depth interviews and one focus groups with 20 participants aged 50 to 86 were conducted in Baker Lake, Nunavut. Thematic analyses were conducted on the data. Results: Health was defined along eight concepts: overall health, physical limitations, mental health, spirituality, health behaviours, speaking Inuktitut, having positive relationships, and affection. A three-category holistic health indicator was created from the latent class analysis: participants in “good health” for all indicators, those with an “intermediate health” profile, and participants in “poor health” for most indicators. Associations between the holistic health indicator and SDH at individual, housing and community scales were different for the three health profiles. Compared to those with a poorer health profile, older adults with a good health profile were more likely to have strong family ties in the community and to participate in social activities. Older adults with an intermediate health profile were more likely to live in a community with a higher socio-economic status, to live in better housing conditions. In comparison to older adults with a poorer health profile, those with good or intermediate health profiles were more likely to have engaged in land-based activities in the past year. The geographic mechanisms linking the SDH to healthy aging emerged through interviews and focus group with elders in Baker Lake. Family and community activities promoted positive social relationships and symbolic connections to the land, including the sharing of traditional food. Housing conditions and community services adapted for elders’ health offered the possibility to age in place, i.e., in one’s home and community. Adapted transportation and information systems were identified as facilitating factors to access resources supportive for health at the residential, community and environmental levels. Conclusion. The geographic dimension of SDH conceptualized and operationalized in this thesis is important to understand how sociogeographic determinants influence the health of Inuit elders. This type of information is needed to guide the formulation and implementation of social and public health policies and programs to support healthy aging across Inuit communities
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Arctic-adapted art education : looking at the art education experiences and efforts of Inuit artist Andrew QappikMcCuaig, Adria Cowell 2009 August 1900 (has links)
This thesis presents a qualitative case study based on interviews I conducted with contemporary Inuit artist and art educator Andrew Qappik. I traveled to Pangnirtung, Nunavut Territory, Canada in order to ask the 45-year-old "master printmaker" about the art education he received as a child and adult while living in a mostly Inuit town of approximately 1,300 in the eastern Canadian Arctic. Additionally, I interviewed Qappik about the art-teaching activities he has been providing to children and adults, in Pangnirtung and beyond, for the past fifteen years.
My research sheds light not only on Qappik's personal experiences, but, by extension, on the nature of the art education models recently and currently operating in his local and regional communities. In this thesis, I present information about the "arctic-adapted" nature of art education within a unique borderland society--a location in which the traditions, values and contemporary practices of the indigenous Inuit culture are intertwined with those of the dominant, mainstream, Canadian culture. / text
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"It is windier nowadays" coastal livelihoods and changeable weather in QeqertarsuaqTejsner, Pelle January 2012 (has links)
Coastal fishermen and whalers on the island of Qeqertarsuaq in Disko Bay, west Greenland, rely on the harvest of marine resources for the continuation of subsistence livelihoods. Over the years, however, Qeqertarsuarmiut have witnessed increasingly stringent whaling quotas and, more recently, a global crisis-narrative about climate change which ignores the reality of coastal livelihoods in the Arctic. In popular debates about whaling, aboriginal subsistence whalers (ASWs) are generally portrayed as 'uncivilised' while the climate crisis-narrative features arctic coastal dwellers as somehow more 'exposed' or 'vulnerable' to environmental fluctuations than the rest of the world. Qeqertarsuarmiut tell a different story about their relationship and ways of engaging with non-human persons (such as winds, sea ice and marine mammals) as these are encountered in the course of seasonal harvesting efforts along the coast and wider bay waters. So while ecological fluctuations have certainly been observed, interactions with a familiar coastal environment continue to foster a relationship that presupposes a sense of patience and flexibility towards shifting sea ice conditions, local weather vagaries and the moods of non- human persons and forces. Coastal dwellers attentiveness towards the liveliness of fiords, mulls and inlets is anchored in stories about both previous encounters, and contemporary experiences, with wilful environmental agents, which reflect an enduring ontology of openness towards the sea. The chapter argues that coastal - as opposed to crisis - narratives about Qeqertarsuarmiut seascape making reflect the complexities of arctic livelihoods in ways that conflict with imposed whaling regulations and the otherwise dominant vocabulary of risk associated with climate change in the Arctic today.
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Conservation and Inuit hunting, conflict or compatibilityPoole, Peter. January 1981 (has links)
No description available.
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Symbols of Authenticity: Challenging the Static Imposition of Minority Identities through the Case Study of Contemporary Inuit ArtSt-Onge, Colette G. 14 December 2011 (has links)
This thesis examines the use and promotion of shamanic themes in contemporary Canadian Inuit art, being the principle venue in which Inuit identity is presented to non-Inuit in Canada and internationally. The image of Inuit identity promoted through the arts since the mid-twentieth century is arguably the product of non-Inuit state authorities, but Inuit artists themselves are increasingly asserting their voice in their arts and crafts, thereby challenging the image of Inuit identity to non-Inuit. This project first problematizes the history of contemporary Inuit art, where the construction of Inuit identity was heavily prescribed, and then turns to the shifts occurring in Inuit art to highlight the process of identity construction and the agency of Inuit within it. In the process, this project challenges the static conceptualization of minority identities in diverse societies by both state authorities and majority populations. This dissertation contends that Inuit art and identity are fluid concepts and there must be an emphasis made to permit for their fluidity, to avoid affirming a static minority identity in a diverse society, whether in the public or state forums. Consequently, the effort to assert the authenticity of these intangible concepts is contrary to the ideals of diversity and equality promoted in Canada.
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Smoking Behaviours Among Pregnant Women in the Baffin Region of NunavutNelson, Chantal 27 September 2012 (has links)
This thesis examined three different research questions to help build a knowledge base for future intervention strategies by better understanding the reasons behind smoking among pregnant women in Nunavut. The first study focused more at the individual level and investigates clinical and socioeconomic factors and their relationship to readiness to quit smoking. The second manuscript moved beyond the individual level to the broader social and structural environment to identify a broader range of barriers and facilitators to smoking and smoking cessation among Inuit women. This second manuscript draws upon in-depth interviews focusing on perceptions of smoking, and perceived barriers and facilitators of smoking behaviours. Finally, the third manuscript investigated the perspectives of health care providers regarding the barriers and facilitators of smoking cessation for pregnant women in the Baffin Region of Nunavut and describes perceptions of smoking cessation resources available to health care providers in the Baffin Region.
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Social construction of aboriginal peoples in the Saskatchewan print mediaMaslin, Crystal Lynn 30 July 2008
This thesis examines the portrayal of Aboriginal Peoples in two Saskatchewan daily newspapers. This research is based on the question: "How is the notion of Aboriginal Peoples socially constructed in the print media?" Previous research indicates
that media portrayals of minority groups are often partial and stereotypical. Such portrayals are partly responsible for linking the unacceptable behavior of minority groups
to phenotypic traits, and thereby contributing to the social significance of "race." Discourse analysis is used to analyze 437 newspaper articles that were collected using a full-text keyword search of the EBSCO Host database, which indexes articles from the Leader Post and the Star Phoenix. In general, the results reveal that Aboriginal peoples are regularly portrayed as problematic; either as having problems themselves, or as causing problems for non-Aboriginal peoples. The results support the view that race is socially constructed and demonstrate that "race," through media discourse, can become a socially acceptable explanation for social problems.
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Symbols of Authenticity: Challenging the Static Imposition of Minority Identities through the Case Study of Contemporary Inuit ArtSt-Onge, Colette G. 14 December 2011 (has links)
This thesis examines the use and promotion of shamanic themes in contemporary Canadian Inuit art, being the principle venue in which Inuit identity is presented to non-Inuit in Canada and internationally. The image of Inuit identity promoted through the arts since the mid-twentieth century is arguably the product of non-Inuit state authorities, but Inuit artists themselves are increasingly asserting their voice in their arts and crafts, thereby challenging the image of Inuit identity to non-Inuit. This project first problematizes the history of contemporary Inuit art, where the construction of Inuit identity was heavily prescribed, and then turns to the shifts occurring in Inuit art to highlight the process of identity construction and the agency of Inuit within it. In the process, this project challenges the static conceptualization of minority identities in diverse societies by both state authorities and majority populations. This dissertation contends that Inuit art and identity are fluid concepts and there must be an emphasis made to permit for their fluidity, to avoid affirming a static minority identity in a diverse society, whether in the public or state forums. Consequently, the effort to assert the authenticity of these intangible concepts is contrary to the ideals of diversity and equality promoted in Canada.
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Social construction of aboriginal peoples in the Saskatchewan print mediaMaslin, Crystal Lynn 30 July 2008 (has links)
This thesis examines the portrayal of Aboriginal Peoples in two Saskatchewan daily newspapers. This research is based on the question: "How is the notion of Aboriginal Peoples socially constructed in the print media?" Previous research indicates
that media portrayals of minority groups are often partial and stereotypical. Such portrayals are partly responsible for linking the unacceptable behavior of minority groups
to phenotypic traits, and thereby contributing to the social significance of "race." Discourse analysis is used to analyze 437 newspaper articles that were collected using a full-text keyword search of the EBSCO Host database, which indexes articles from the Leader Post and the Star Phoenix. In general, the results reveal that Aboriginal peoples are regularly portrayed as problematic; either as having problems themselves, or as causing problems for non-Aboriginal peoples. The results support the view that race is socially constructed and demonstrate that "race," through media discourse, can become a socially acceptable explanation for social problems.
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