This thesis investigates the possibility to design printed circuit board (PCB) antennas with a maximum area size of 30 x 30 mm^2 at 2.4 GHz. The resulting antenna parameters are compared to those of a commercial, more costly chip antenna, i.e., Antenova A5645. The antenna parameters that were evaluated were the antenna efficiency, the return loss and the voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR). Three types of antennas were firstly selected to be designed, i.e., the patch antenna, Inverted-F antenna and Meandered Inverted-F antenna. Using basic antenna theory, general RF knowledge and through simulations performed with the dedicated software tool ADS, five antenna designs were finally selected to be manufactured. After manufacturing, the antennas were tested in a radiation chamber. At 2.4 GHz, the best simulated antenna efficiency was 78.7%, the return loss was -33.91 dB and the VSWR was 1.041. Not all these simulated values have been proven experimentally through measurements due to insufficient equipment at the moment of performing the experiments. However, the three types of antennas were evaluated in the radiation chamber for their polarization and these measurement results are very close to the equivalent simulation results.

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No description available.

No description available.

Malware analysts often need to search large corpuses of obfuscated binaries for particular sequences of related instructions. The use of simple tactics, such as dead code insertion and register renaming, prevents the use of conventional, big-data search indexes. Current, state of the art malware detectors are unable to handle the size of the dataset due to their iterative approach to comparing files. Furthermore, current work is also frequently designed to act as a detector and not a search tool. I propose a system that exploits the observation that many data/control-flow relationships between instructions are preserved in the presence of obfuscations. The system will extract chains of flow-dependent instructions from a binary’s Program Dependence Graph (PDG). It will then use a representation of each chain as a key for an index that points to lists of functions (and their corresponding files). Analysts will be able to quickly search for instruction sequences by querying the index.

The actin and microtubule cytoskeleton play critical roles in Golgi and cilia assembly. Inverted-Formin 1 (INF1) is a novel, microtubule-associated protein that regulates both actin and microtubule dynamics and affects Golgi and cilia assembly. A non-biased discovery based approach was used to investigate the interactome of INF1 using BioID in combination with stable isotopic labeling in cell culture (SILAC). A number of INF1-interacting proteins were identified and validated in co-IP experiments. The INF1 interaction domains were mapped using an extensive set of INF1 deletion and point mutation derivatives. Functional characterization of these interactions suggests a mechanism for the effects of INF1 on ciliogenesis. The establishment and maintenance of cellular architecture requires the coordinated, dynamic regulation of actin and microtubule networks. Our data suggests that INF1 plays a crucial role in connecting these two cytoskeletal networks for the regulated assembly of the Golgi ribbon and the primary cilium.

The adenovirus genome is a linear double stranded DNA molecule and the current widely accepted model of viral DNA replication proposes linear viral DNA intermediates at all stages of replication. Although the experimental evidence for this mechanism of replication is very strong, circular forms of adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) DNA molecules have also been detected in both permissive and non-permissive cell lines. In some experiments the circular structures were detected before the onset of viral DNA replication and thus suggested a possible role for circular forms of Ad5 DNA in the life cycle of the virus after infection. This study was undertaken to better understand the role of circular forms of the adenovirus genome in virus replication. The approach was to subclone the viral junction internally into the linear genome thus creating mutant viruses with embedded terminal sequences and to study the effect of such inserts on DNA structure. A total of five mutant viruses were constructed containing a variety of inserts and viral DNA from infected cells and banded viruses was analyzed by Southern Blot hybridization. The data clearly showed that embedded viral junctions have biological activity in that they generated novel, rear ranged viral DNA molecules, and that embedded single ITR sequences were also biologically active, but to a lesser extent. It was also observed that the copy numbers of the rearranged molecules were variable. It appeared that the embedded viral junction was active in recombination and replication of the viral genome, creating the rearrangements through these two processes. However, the results suggested that circular forms are not obligatory intermediates in DNA replication. The analysis of banded viral DNA in this study suggested that the encapsidation signal from the left end of the linear genome was required in cis for packaging of the viral genome, confirming previous results which identified an encapsidation signal for viral DNA packaging. The banding experiments also showed that truncated viral DNA molecules containing 75% of the viral genome were packaged. / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)

We use non-binary coding, elitist strategy, increasing mutation rate, extinction, and immigration strategy to improve the simple genetic algorithms in this study. We expect that the search technique can avoid falling into the local optimum due to the premature convergence, and purse the chance that finding the near-optimal parameters in the larger searching space could be obviously increased. We utilize SIRMs(Single Input Rule Modules) fuzzy controller for the stabilization control of inverted pendulum systems, and the dynamic importance degrees are built such that the angular control of the pendulum takes priority over the position control of the cart. We utilize modified genetic algorithms(MGA) to automatically tuning scaling factors of SIRMs fuzzy controller. From computer simulations, the pendulum control and the cart position control can fastly be stabilized.

Orientador: Jonas Contiero / Banca: Luis Henrique Souza Guimarães / Banca: Maria Antonia Pedrine Colabone Celligoi / Resumo: O interesse pela inulinase iniciou-se com a descoberta de sua habilidade de hidrolisar inulina, um polimero vegetal, em fmtose praticamente pura. A frutose é considerada uma alternativa segura como adoçante em relação à sacarose, sendo largamente utilizada na indústria de alimentos. As inulinases são geralmente tennoestáveis e comercialmente viáveis para aplicações industriais. Entretanto, uma produção contínua de frutose requer a utilização de uma inulinase imobilizada. Neste trabalho, o caldo fermentado, isento de células, de Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus foi imobilizado em vários suportes: carvão ativado, diatomito, casca de ovo, amberlite, sílica de porosidade controlada e gelatina. A mais alta taxa de imobilização foi obtida em gelatina (82,60%). Os métodos restantes avaliados não foram bem sucedidos, seja pela ausência de ligação protéica ou perda de atividade provocados pelo processo de imobilização. O pH ótimo da inulinase imobilizada foi o mesmo da enzima livre (3,5). As temperaturas ótimas foram 55 °C para a enzima livre e 60 °C para a inulinase imobilizada. O gráfico de Arrhenius apresentou-se linear e as energias de ativação foram 56,20 KJ/mol.°K (enzima livre) e 20,27 KJ/mol.°K (enzima imobilizada). Os parâmetros cinéticos foram calculados pelo gráfico de LineweaverBurk e os valores de Km e Vmax foram de 20,68 mg/mL e 37,73 UA/mg para a enzima livre; e 50,05 mg/mL e 31,64 UA!mg para a enzima imobilizada, respectivamente. A estabilidade operacional da inulinase imobilizada foi avaliada em reator tubular de leito fixo, durante 782 horas, apresentando 58,12% de atividade enzimática residual. Foi realizada uma cromatografia de camada delgada para uma análise qualitativa dos produtos da reação / Abstract: The interest for inulinase began when it was discovered its ability to hydrolyse inulin, a vegetal polymer, in fructose practically pure. Fructose is considered as a safe altemative sweetener to sucrose, widely used in food industries. The inulinases are usually thermostable and cornmercially available for industrial applications. However, a continuous production of fructose requires the use of an immobilized inulinase. In this work, the crude enzyme broth free celis from Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus was imrnobilized on various supports: activated carbon, diatomite, hen egg shell, amberlite, porous silica and gelatin. The highest irnrnobilization yield was obtained in gelatin (82,60%). The remaining methods screened were not successful either because no protem binding occurred or irnmobilization process resulted in activity loss. The optimum pH of immobilized inulinase remained the sarne as that of free enzyme (3,5). The optimum temperatures were 55 °C for free enzyrne and 60 °C for the imrnobilized inulmase. The Arrhenius plot were linear and activation energies were 56,20 KJ/mol.°K (Free enzyme) and 20,27 KJ/rnol.°K (Immobilized enzyme). The kinetic parameters were calculated from Lineweaver-Burk plots and the values of Km and Vmax were 20,68 mg/mL and 37,73 UA/rng for free inulinase; and 50,05 rng/rnL and 31,64 UA/rng for immobilized enzyme, respectively. The operational stability of the immobilized inulinase was studied in continuous fixed bed colurnn reactor for 782 hours with 58,12% of residual activity. Thin layer chromatography was used for qualitative analysis of the reaction products / Mestre

The thesis deals with the planar problem regarding balancing of an inverted pendulum whose real model is situated in the laboratory A1/731a. The goal of this thesis is to build up the simulation model in the program Matlab Simulink and compare the attributes of the model with the real pendulum. The next step is to prove a regulation of the model in Matlab Simulink and find the way of controlling the real model by PLC on the basis of results found within the simulation.