The author's Master's thesis, Magee College, Derry, 1964. / Includes bibliographical references and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 313-354).

Ethnonational movements have proliferated throughout the world since the American and French Revolutions first gave birth to the consciousness that every nation has a right to self-determination. Whether these ethnic-based nationalist movements are a new phenomenon which is rooted in the Industrial Era of Europe, or are just a recent stage in an ethnic struggle that began during the initial cultural contact between two ethnically different groups and has persisted ever since, determines the point at which an analyst will choose to begin his or her investigation. Ultimately, the selection of this starting point determines the conclusions drawn about the cause and nature of ethnonational movements. In this thesis, the exploration of Irish ethnonationalism begins in the twelfth century when the Anglo-Normans invaded Ireland. The formation and development of the Irish ethnic group is analyzed, and self-identification found to be the key criterion for determining group membership. As social cleavages between the "Irish" and "colonizer" hardened, institutions and structures emerged to maintain and reinforce the ethnic boundary between these two groups. The thesis concludes with a detailed analysis of the operation of one mechanism of self-segregation--separate education—using ethnographic data and autobiographical accounts of the childhood experiences of people who were born and raised in Northern Ireland. In this thesis, it is argued that Irish ethnic consciousness was brought into awareness when the invading Anglo-Normans threatened to dissolve into chaos the existing Gaelic social order. It is contended that the ethnic struggle in Ireland which began in the twelfth century and still persists today in Northern Ireland, has no single cause, but was and still is fundamentally a cultural conflict which continues to be fuelled by a long history of "remembered" grievances—cultural, political, and economic--most of which predate industrialization and the American and French Revolutions. This past is kept alive by the institutions, structures, and practices which maintain and reinforce the ethnic boundary between Catholics and Protestants in contemporary Northern Ireland, thus ensuring that the Irish nationalist movement will continue to have at its disposal a sharply defined ethnic group which it can mobilize when necessary, and from which it can recruit new members. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

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“My wife is Protestant, I am Catholic, and we are happily married” my father told our tour guide as we passed Hotel Europa, which the tour guide informed us is the most bombed hotel in Europe, and a prime symbol of the Protestant- Catholic conflict in Northern Ireland. “That sounds great with your American accent,” the tour guide responded. I was baffled that two sects of Christianity, denominations of the same religion, could have so much hate for each other. After much research, I came to realize that religious leaders significantly manipulated Catholicism and Protestantism to implement their own agendas in a way that justified violence. This manipulation was visible in all aspects of society during the height of the conflict in Northern Ireland between 1960 and 1988, a period also known as the ‘Troubles.’ I will specify how religion significantly influenced society, and why the fact that the conflict is reflected in art is so significant. I hope you enjoy!

<p><p> <strong>Abstract</strong></p></p><p> <strong>Titel: </strong>Terms of endearment: A study on how strangers are addressed in Northern Ireland and Ireland</p><p><strong>Författare: </strong>Kristina SkagerströmEngelska C, 2009</p><p> </p><p><strong>Antal sidor: 16</strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The aim of this study was to find out whether<strong> </strong>terms of endearment are used by native speakers of English while addressing strangers and if so, what are the reasons? Another aspect is if they use familiar body language while addressing a stranger. This study was carried out based on a number of observations in Northern Ireland and Ireland.</p><p>Since the aim of the study was to see why terms of endearments are used the researcher needed the help of a male observer to see if the reasons were gender related. Nine restaurants of different social class were visited, nine stores of different social class, the observers spoke to nine taxi drivers, they visited nine hotels of different social class; and asked nine people for directions in the street.</p><p> The results showed that no young people addressed either of the observers with terms of endearment. There was no difference in social class. There was a big difference in how the male and the female observer were addressed by people over the age of 40. While the male observer was addressed very polite, the female observer was addressed with a very informal speech were the participants used terms of endearments such as "love" and touched her on the shoulder.</p><p> <strong>Nyckelord: Terms of endearment, Northern Ireland, Ireland, Observations</strong></p>

Abstract  Titel: Terms of endearment: A study on how strangers are addressed in Northern Ireland and Ireland Författare: Kristina SkagerströmEngelska C, 2009   Antal sidor: 16   Abstract: The aim of this study was to find out whether terms of endearment are used by native speakers of English while addressing strangers and if so, what are the reasons? Another aspect is if they use familiar body language while addressing a stranger. This study was carried out based on a number of observations in Northern Ireland and Ireland. Since the aim of the study was to see why terms of endearments are used the researcher needed the help of a male observer to see if the reasons were gender related. Nine restaurants of different social class were visited, nine stores of different social class, the observers spoke to nine taxi drivers, they visited nine hotels of different social class; and asked nine people for directions in the street.  The results showed that no young people addressed either of the observers with terms of endearment. There was no difference in social class. There was a big difference in how the male and the female observer were addressed by people over the age of 40. While the male observer was addressed very polite, the female observer was addressed with a very informal speech were the participants used terms of endearments such as "love" and touched her on the shoulder.  Nyckelord: Terms of endearment, Northern Ireland, Ireland, Observations

The purpose of this study was to examine the political economic and social events that gave birth to a so-called fascist movement in Ireland during the early nineteen thirties. The study also attempted to explain the reasons for the failure of the movement. The members were called the "Blueshirts" and although they were significant in the political arena for only a few years there has never been a satisfactory explanation for their impact. Was it truly a fascist movement with the sinister potential of its sister political organizations on the continent? Or was it simply a short-lived reaction to what was called "the repressive policies" of the newly elected Fianna Fail government in 1932? Was their leader, General Eoin O'Duffy, attempting to overthrow parliamentary government? Or was he simply trying to solve the economic problems of Ireland that were the result of the world depression and the Anglo-Irish Economic War? Which, if either, was the explanation for Blueshirtism? In an attempt to answer these questions this writer began by putting the story in historical perspective.

This thesis examines the pictorial record of the Great Famine Era circa 1842--1854: the engravings, sketches, and paintings found in the English public domain. As part of the historical record, these contemporary visual images document attitudes of prejudice and indifference held about Ireland and the Irish during the calamitous years of the Great Irish Famine. The study probes the broad contextual background, narrative structure, and didactic intent of these works in an effort to assess the prejudicial impact of the visual record as a whole.

Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: Dr. Charles Upchurch, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of History. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 13, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains v, 114 pages. Includes bibliographical references.