A origem anatética dos migmatitos do Complexo Camboriú é evidenciada pelas macroestruturas e suportada pelos dados petrográficos, geoquímicos e isotópicos. A fusão parcial em regime compressivo é sugerida pela grande quantidade de leucossoma em regiões de baixa pressão como interboudins e superfície de dilatação. A intensificação do processo anatético pode ser devida ao aumento do gradiente geotérmico provocado pela intrusão dos muitos corpos graníticos neoproterozóicos presentes. A complexidade do sistema geoquímico e isotópico analisado em detalhe aponta possíveis equívocos em trabalhos regionais. Apesar dos dados isotópicos nos migmatitos anatéticos sugerirem gênese em crosta continental em sistema relativamente fechado, a mobilização de elementos em pequena escala modificou as razões isotópicas dos mesossomas, leucossomas e rochas ultramáficas associadas, as quais, sem controle de campo, petrográfico e geoquímico, conduziriam a interpretações errôneas sobre a evolução geológica da região. A temperatura para formação do leucossoma é estimada em 750-800 C, principalmente pelos indícios de geração por fusão de rochas quartzo-feldspáticas em presença de água, com possível participação da muscovita no processo de anatexia, porém com preservação da biotita. O estudo integrado aplicando diferentes métodos analíticos a dados de um único afloramento, com amostras de unidades regionais para correlação levou a uma melhor compreensão da evolução petrogenética do Complexo Camboriú, o qual, após a extração do manto há aproximadamente 2,5 Ga, foi reciclado em crosta continental espessada. Os resultados sugerem que migmatitos, associados a rochas ultramáficas, ou fontes muito semelhantes, em condições de temperatura e pressão mais altas, são os protólitos dos granitos Itapema, Serra dos macacos e Corre Mar, também resultantes de reciclagem crustal. Os valores negativos de eNd(595 Ma) e positivos de eSr(595 Ma), com 87Sr/86Sr inicial (595 Ma) > 0,706 e > 8, indicam gênese em crosta superior, suportada pela análise geoquímica. Estas condições, e as temperaturas relativamente baixas de formação dos leucossomas seriam compatíveis com um cenário em que as rochas migmatíticas constituíssem tetos pendentes das intrusões graníticas que predominam na região. / The anatectic origin evidenced by known macrostructures in migmatites of the Camboriú Complex is supported by petrographical, geochemical and isotopic data, with partial melting under compressional regimen being suggested by the large amount of leucosome bodies at low-pressure sites represented by interboudins and dilation surfaces. Despite the continental origin in a relatively closed system suggested by the isotopic data, small-scale mobilization of elements and its consequent isotopic ratio changes in leucosomes and their associated ultramafic rocks might lead studies unsupported by field, petrographic and geochemical control to erroneous interpretations of the geological evolution of the region. The geochemical and isotopic complexities revealed in the detailed study of one single outcrop bring about how misinterpreted interpretations can be in regional isotopic studies. Generation temperatures of 700 to 800 C are estimated for leucosomes, from melting of quartzofeldspatic rocks in presence of water, biotite having taken part of the anatectic process, with possible participation of muscovite. Anatexis may have been intensified by the geothermal gradient elevation that followed numerous Neoproterozoic granite intrusions in the region. The combined use of different analytical methods on data from one single outcrop and correlation samples from regional units led to a better understanding of the petrogenetic evolution of the Camboriú Complex, recycled under thickened continental crust after mantle extraction circa 2.5 Ga. Migmatites in association with ultramafic rocks, or other compositionally similar combinations at higher pressure and temperature conditions, would be protoliths for the Itapema, Serra dos Macacos, and Corre-Mar granites, that also show evidence of having undergone similar crustal recycling. Negative values of eSr(595 Ma), with initial 87Sr/86Sr (595 Ma) > 0.706 and > 8 suggest upper-crust generation conditions, as supported by geochemical results. Such conditions, and the relatively low leucosome generation temperatures seem compatible with a geological setting in which the migmatites of the Camboriú Complex would represent pending roofs to granite intrusions.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / A bacia hidrográfica do rio São Domingos constitui uma das sub-bacias do rio Muriaé pertencente ao sistema Paraíba do Sul e, tem seus limites coincidentes com os limites do município de São José de Ubá, sendo este o segundo maior produtor de tomate do estado do Rio de Janeiro, com sua principal fonte econômica baseada na agropecuária. Este tipo de atividade resulta em utilização de produtos químicos nas lavouras e juntamente a ocupação inadequada resulta em modificação das paisagens e da mata nativa, resultando em diversos tipos de impactos no ambiente. Neste estudo foram abordados os impactos relacionados a concentração de metais e sua proveniência através das assinaturas isotópicas Pb/Pb, utilizando para tal o procedimento analítico de lixiviação dos sedimentos de corrente e abertura total de rochas para a obtenção de razões isotópicas e concentrações de metais por ICP-MS. Os resultados mostraram que as contribuições nos sedimentos de corrente se dão a partir de cinco fontes compreendidos no intervalo de assinatura isotópica 206Pb/207Pb 1,1229 e 1,1949, representadas em intervalos bem definidos. Por correlação com as respectivas concentrações se observa que, preferencialmente, existe maior influência das rochas do embasamento, seguido de atividade antrópicas como a urbanização e disposição de lixo doméstico. As maiores concentrações estão associadas ao cobre, chumbo, estrôncio, níquel e zinco. Contudo todas as concentrações de metais obtidas se encontram abaixo da legislação vigente. Desta forma a contaminação antrópica é limitada a regiões de maior densidade populacional e as influências naturais predominam na área da bacia. / The São Domingos river basin is a sub-basin of the river Muriaé belonging to the Paraíba do Sul system, than his boundary are coincide with the limits of São Jose de Ubá County the second largest tomato producer in the Rio de Janeiro state, with its main financial activity based on the agricultural economy. This kind of activity results in a use of chemicals on crops and modification of the landscape and native vegetation, resulting in various types of environmental impacts. In this paper was study the impacts related to concentration of metals and their provenance by Pb/Pb isotopic signatures, using to analyze procedure the rocks sample digest and leaching of stream sediments to obtained metal concentration and isotope ratios by ICP-MS. The results showed that concentrations on stream sediments have five different sources identifiable from five intervals isotopic signature 206Pb/207Pb 1.1229 to 1.1949 clearly defined. By this correlation with owner respective concentration it is observed than, preferentially, the basement rocks are the main influence in the basin stream and in second place come the mixtures of products of activities anthropogenic, mainly urbanization and sewage disposal. The biggest metals concentrations are cupper, lead, strontium, nickel and zinc. However all of metals concentrations are below actual legislation. That way the anthropic contamination it is located in areas with more intensity occupation and the natural sources predomination on the basin.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / A bacia hidrográfica do rio São Domingos constitui uma das sub-bacias do rio Muriaé pertencente ao sistema Paraíba do Sul e, tem seus limites coincidentes com os limites do município de São José de Ubá, sendo este o segundo maior produtor de tomate do estado do Rio de Janeiro, com sua principal fonte econômica baseada na agropecuária. Este tipo de atividade resulta em utilização de produtos químicos nas lavouras e juntamente a ocupação inadequada resulta em modificação das paisagens e da mata nativa, resultando em diversos tipos de impactos no ambiente. Neste estudo foram abordados os impactos relacionados a concentração de metais e sua proveniência através das assinaturas isotópicas Pb/Pb, utilizando para tal o procedimento analítico de lixiviação dos sedimentos de corrente e abertura total de rochas para a obtenção de razões isotópicas e concentrações de metais por ICP-MS. Os resultados mostraram que as contribuições nos sedimentos de corrente se dão a partir de cinco fontes compreendidos no intervalo de assinatura isotópica 206Pb/207Pb 1,1229 e 1,1949, representadas em intervalos bem definidos. Por correlação com as respectivas concentrações se observa que, preferencialmente, existe maior influência das rochas do embasamento, seguido de atividade antrópicas como a urbanização e disposição de lixo doméstico. As maiores concentrações estão associadas ao cobre, chumbo, estrôncio, níquel e zinco. Contudo todas as concentrações de metais obtidas se encontram abaixo da legislação vigente. Desta forma a contaminação antrópica é limitada a regiões de maior densidade populacional e as influências naturais predominam na área da bacia. / The São Domingos river basin is a sub-basin of the river Muriaé belonging to the Paraíba do Sul system, than his boundary are coincide with the limits of São Jose de Ubá County the second largest tomato producer in the Rio de Janeiro state, with its main financial activity based on the agricultural economy. This kind of activity results in a use of chemicals on crops and modification of the landscape and native vegetation, resulting in various types of environmental impacts. In this paper was study the impacts related to concentration of metals and their provenance by Pb/Pb isotopic signatures, using to analyze procedure the rocks sample digest and leaching of stream sediments to obtained metal concentration and isotope ratios by ICP-MS. The results showed that concentrations on stream sediments have five different sources identifiable from five intervals isotopic signature 206Pb/207Pb 1.1229 to 1.1949 clearly defined. By this correlation with owner respective concentration it is observed than, preferentially, the basement rocks are the main influence in the basin stream and in second place come the mixtures of products of activities anthropogenic, mainly urbanization and sewage disposal. The biggest metals concentrations are cupper, lead, strontium, nickel and zinc. However all of metals concentrations are below actual legislation. That way the anthropic contamination it is located in areas with more intensity occupation and the natural sources predomination on the basin.

A origem anatética dos migmatitos do Complexo Camboriú é evidenciada pelas macroestruturas e suportada pelos dados petrográficos, geoquímicos e isotópicos. A fusão parcial em regime compressivo é sugerida pela grande quantidade de leucossoma em regiões de baixa pressão como interboudins e superfície de dilatação. A intensificação do processo anatético pode ser devida ao aumento do gradiente geotérmico provocado pela intrusão dos muitos corpos graníticos neoproterozóicos presentes. A complexidade do sistema geoquímico e isotópico analisado em detalhe aponta possíveis equívocos em trabalhos regionais. Apesar dos dados isotópicos nos migmatitos anatéticos sugerirem gênese em crosta continental em sistema relativamente fechado, a mobilização de elementos em pequena escala modificou as razões isotópicas dos mesossomas, leucossomas e rochas ultramáficas associadas, as quais, sem controle de campo, petrográfico e geoquímico, conduziriam a interpretações errôneas sobre a evolução geológica da região. A temperatura para formação do leucossoma é estimada em 750-800 C, principalmente pelos indícios de geração por fusão de rochas quartzo-feldspáticas em presença de água, com possível participação da muscovita no processo de anatexia, porém com preservação da biotita. O estudo integrado aplicando diferentes métodos analíticos a dados de um único afloramento, com amostras de unidades regionais para correlação levou a uma melhor compreensão da evolução petrogenética do Complexo Camboriú, o qual, após a extração do manto há aproximadamente 2,5 Ga, foi reciclado em crosta continental espessada. Os resultados sugerem que migmatitos, associados a rochas ultramáficas, ou fontes muito semelhantes, em condições de temperatura e pressão mais altas, são os protólitos dos granitos Itapema, Serra dos macacos e Corre Mar, também resultantes de reciclagem crustal. Os valores negativos de eNd(595 Ma) e positivos de eSr(595 Ma), com 87Sr/86Sr inicial (595 Ma) > 0,706 e > 8, indicam gênese em crosta superior, suportada pela análise geoquímica. Estas condições, e as temperaturas relativamente baixas de formação dos leucossomas seriam compatíveis com um cenário em que as rochas migmatíticas constituíssem tetos pendentes das intrusões graníticas que predominam na região. / The anatectic origin evidenced by known macrostructures in migmatites of the Camboriú Complex is supported by petrographical, geochemical and isotopic data, with partial melting under compressional regimen being suggested by the large amount of leucosome bodies at low-pressure sites represented by interboudins and dilation surfaces. Despite the continental origin in a relatively closed system suggested by the isotopic data, small-scale mobilization of elements and its consequent isotopic ratio changes in leucosomes and their associated ultramafic rocks might lead studies unsupported by field, petrographic and geochemical control to erroneous interpretations of the geological evolution of the region. The geochemical and isotopic complexities revealed in the detailed study of one single outcrop bring about how misinterpreted interpretations can be in regional isotopic studies. Generation temperatures of 700 to 800 C are estimated for leucosomes, from melting of quartzofeldspatic rocks in presence of water, biotite having taken part of the anatectic process, with possible participation of muscovite. Anatexis may have been intensified by the geothermal gradient elevation that followed numerous Neoproterozoic granite intrusions in the region. The combined use of different analytical methods on data from one single outcrop and correlation samples from regional units led to a better understanding of the petrogenetic evolution of the Camboriú Complex, recycled under thickened continental crust after mantle extraction circa 2.5 Ga. Migmatites in association with ultramafic rocks, or other compositionally similar combinations at higher pressure and temperature conditions, would be protoliths for the Itapema, Serra dos Macacos, and Corre-Mar granites, that also show evidence of having undergone similar crustal recycling. Negative values of eSr(595 Ma), with initial 87Sr/86Sr (595 Ma) > 0.706 and > 8 suggest upper-crust generation conditions, as supported by geochemical results. Such conditions, and the relatively low leucosome generation temperatures seem compatible with a geological setting in which the migmatites of the Camboriú Complex would represent pending roofs to granite intrusions.

The geological history of the Early Palaeozoic in eastern Australia is not known precisely. The eastern margin of the outcropping Precambrian Craton 'Tasman Line' is poorly understood. The Thomson Orogen, which underlies much of eastern Queensland, lies to the east of the Tasman Line. Basement to the Tasman Orogenic Zone is poorly understood, but knowledge of this basement is critical to our understanding to the processes that formed the eastern margin of the Precambrian craton. The Lolworth-Ravenswood Province lies to the east of the Tasman Line in northeast Queensland. A study of basement terranes in the Lolworth-Ravenswood Province will therefore provide some insights as to the nature of crust beneath this area, and therefore to the basement to the Thomson Orogen. The Fat Hen Creek Complex comprises para-authchthonous bodies of granitoid within middle to upper amphibolite facies metamorphic rocks. Data contained herein demonstrate that the composition and geochemistry of the granitoid are compatible with the generation of the granitoid by partial anatexis of the metamorphic rocks that are part of the Cape River Metamorphics. Temperature and pressure of anatexis is determined to be between 800-850OC and 5-9kb. Under these conditions, experimental data indicate that meta-pelite and meta-greywacke will produce between 5-10% melt coexisting with biotite, cordierite, garnet and plagioclase. The mineralogy of the granitoid bodies in the Fat Hen Creek Complex is consistent with partial anatexis of meta-greywacke at these temperatures and pressures. 5-10% melt is generally insufficient to allow efficient separation of melt and restite. The granitoids of the Fat Hen Creek Complex are interpreted as being a closed system with melt generated during high-grade metamorphism not separating from the residium. U/Pb dating of zircon from the Fat Hen Creek Complex indicate two distinct periods of zircon growth. The older episode occurred during the Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician. A second episode is dated as Middle Ordovician. This younger age coincides with the onset of regional compression, and may be related to exhumation of a mid-crustal layer during thrusting. The Lolworth Batholith is one of three granite batholiths in the Lolworth-Ravenswood Province. It comprises mainly muscovite-biotite granite, with smaller areas of hornblende-biotite granite to granodiorite. Sills and dykes of muscovite and garnet-muscovite leucogranite extensively intrude both of these types. The hornblende-biotite granite to granodiorite is metaluminous, with petrographic and geochemical characteristics similar to the adjacent Ravenswood Batholith. U-Pb SHRIMP ages also overlap with those from the Ravenswood Batholith. ENd(tc) values of ~-3 suggest a significant crustal contribution in the magma. Zircon populations determined using the SHRIMP suggest some inheritance from a Neoproterozoic source. The two-mica granites make up over 80% of the batholith and show little variation throughout. Aluminium Saturation indices range dominantly from 1-1.1, in keeping with the muscovite-bearing nature of the granites. U-Pb ages are significantly younger than the hornblende-biotite granitoids. ENd(tc) is ~-10, suggesting a greater role for crustal material in these granites than in the hornblende-bearing varieties. Previously, these granites were interpreted as S-types, mainly on the basis of the presence of muscovite. Low Na/Ca and Na greater than K are both considered as indicators of source compositions and both are characteristic of a mafic igneous rather than a meta-sedimentary source. Anatexis of mafic igneous rocks at temperatures less than~1000OC are found experimentally to produce peraluminous melts similar to those which produced the two-mica granites. The third major rock-type in the Lolworth Batholith is muscovite leucogranite, which occurs as sills and dykes intruding older granites and basement. The age of the leucogranite was not determined, but it has sharp contacts with the two-mica granite suggesting that the latter had cooled prior to intrusion of the former. The leucogranite is strongly peraluminous and is deemed to have been derived from anatexis of a supra-crustal (meta-sedimentary) source. The batholith is therefore deemed to comprise three different elements. The hornblende-biotite granitoids are the western extension of the adjacent Ravenswood Batholith. The two-mica granite and muscovite leucogranite are derived from different sources, but may be part of the same crustal anatexis event. During the Early Palaeozoic, the Lolworth-Ravenswood Province saw the intrusion of three granite batholiths into a basement of Late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian meta-sedimentary rocks. Also, Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician and Middle Ordovician high-grade metamorphism accompanied by partial anatexis is recorded at several sites across northeast Queensland. Although this metamorphism is restricted to these sites, they are widespread across the area suggestive of a widespread metamorphic event at these times. Similar metamorphism is recorded in the Arunta Inlier in Central Australia increasing the possible extent of this event. The geochemistry, isotopic characteristics and zircon populations of granites in the Lolworth-Ravenswood Province are used to characterise their source rocks; and thus the basement to the Province. Precambrian basement is indicated to underlie the entire province. However, the source rocks for the eastern part of the Province (Ravenswood and into the Lolworth Batholiths) are different to source rocks for the western part of the Province. Georgetown-type crust extends eastwards from the outcropping area, extending under the western Lolworth-Ravenswood Province. Late Mesoproterozoic rocks are recorded from the Cape River area adjacent to the Lolworth Batholith. They are also indicated as source-rocks for granites in the Ravenswood Batholith. Rocks of this age are characteristic of Grenvillian-age mobile belts in the United States. Their presence in north Qeensland has implications for the breakup of Rodinia, the Mesoproterozoic-age super continent that broke up during the Neoproterozoic.