This thesis presents an insight into the phenomenon of cranberry collocations. In opposition to their prevailing conception as a marginal part of phraseology, it shows, on the basis of corpus data, that their nature is very diverse and deserves a broader view. It suggests statistical tools which can be used to search for cranberry words in corpora. Based on an analysis of the data obtained by this method, it presents a classification and description of the phenomenon in Czech, including some problematic points. These findings are subsequently used for comparison of cranberry collocations in Czech with data obtained in the same way in Slovak, French and English.

The thesis is based on an argument that the minority language Rarámuri, as well as other indigenous languages of Mexico, is found in unequal position to the Spanish language, coinciding with the indigenous communities' socioeconomic conditions in a comparison to the central majority of the Spanish-speaking population. The indigenous mother tongue is often percieved by its speakers as an obstacle for achieving a better socioeconomic situation and experiencing the modernized lifestyle of the majority. Often, it is one of the first cultural attributes that is being abandoned. The speakers of minority languages are also an object of the state's educational policies that are presented as supportive for vernacular cultures and languages, however they have mostly opposite effect, which reveals the fact their essential intention is an assimilation. In this study I focus on three aspects of this sociolinguistic issue: firstly, the general approach and educational politics of Mexican State in regard of indigenous population in the twentieth century. Secondly, the description of main extralinguistic factors that condition vitality of a language, in this case it is the Rarámuri language. And thirdly, a field work research of language situation in selected communities with different meassures of bilingualism....

English abstract: The text looks into the working of the 6th person possessivity exponence on the base of the analysis of two concrete paradigms - paradigms SUUS and ILLORUM. Its proposal is to comprend and to describe all changes of the semiosis of both of the two paradigms on their transition from the Latin diasystem to the Protoromance and the Romance one. These changes will be mesured and described on the base of the eight parameters of semiotic and semiologic description as changes of (1) formal aspect, (2) conceptual aspect, (3) reference, (4) extension, (5) intension, (6) differential value, (7) paradigmatic relations, (8) syntagmatic relations. On the base of the analysis of the individual diasystems we try to identify the connection, the relationship among the Romance centres, with the objective to identify the sources of the importation of linguistic innovations. English keywords: 6th person possessivity, reflexive possessivity, non-reflexive possessivity, possessives, ILLORUM, SUUS, semiosis, grammaticalization, suppletion, linguistic innovation, exportation of linguistic models, endophoricity, logophoricity, exophoricity, vulgar Latin, classical Latin, Romance languages

Hlavním tématem práce je problematika podpory návrhových vzorů ve vývojových prostředích s důrazem na platformu .NET a vývojové prostředí Visual Studio. Práce je rozdělena do čtyř hlavních tematických celků ? první zkoumá možnosti formálního zápisu vzorů, druhý mapuje úroveň podpory návrhových vzorů v dnešních CASE nástrojích, třetí popisuje vizi softwarových továren a doménově specifických jazyků, zatímco poslední shrnuje předchozí poznatky a přináší koncept vývojového prostředí pro návrhové vzory založeného na Visual Studiu 2005. Představený koncept je tříúrovňový a podporu vzorů řeší jak na úrovni diagramů, tak na úrovni zdrojového kódu. Kromě něj práce přináší i některé další myšlenky týkající se podpory návrhových vzorů ve Visual Studiu a jejich integrace do reálného vývojového procesu.

The goal of this thesis is to create a dependency treebank for Yorùbá, a language with very little pre-existing machine-readable resources. The treebank follows the Universal Dependencies (UD) annotation standard, certain language-specific guidelines for Yorùbá were specified. Known techniques for porting resources from resource-rich languages were tested, in particular projection of annotation across parallel bilingual data. Manual annotation is not the main focus of this thesis; nevertheless, a small portion of the data was verified manually in order to evaluate the annotation quality. Also, a model was trained on the manual annotation using UDPipe.

It is my wish, within the scope of this thesis, to assist teachers at secondary schools who are making a decision about the right choice of books for their stu-dents. It involves an analysis of available German textbooks for beginners, with regards to the choice of topics. In connection with my thesis I also prepared a questionnaire which was distributed among 50 students of secondary schools with the aim to elicit the point of view of the target group. The aim of this thesis is to assess the samples of German textbooks in the Czech market so that they correspond to the criteria of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. For the analysis there has been chosen the sample of textbooks which appear commonly at Czech secondary schools. These include textbooks published by both Czech and German publishing houses, to be specific Německy s úsměvem nově, studio d A1, Sprechen Sie Deutsch? 1. and Themen aktuell 1. Originally I intented to analyse Tangram aktuell 1 instead of Themen aktuell 1 by the the same publisher, but since the first mentioned one is usually used for teaching, I decided for Themen aktuell 1. I have come to the conclusion that it is not possible to create an ideal textbook of either German or any other foreign language, because every student considers a different topic to be important, they have different values and motivation which drives them to learn a foreign language. That is also an implication resulting from the questionnaire in which students evaluated the importance of topics according to their own judgement and preferences.

The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the usage of synonyms in teaching Russian language at high schools. The theoretical part of this thesis outlines the issues of synonyms and synonymous series from the linguistic (paradigmatic relations, semantics, stylistic) and linguodidactic point of view. The theoretical part also includes the issue of vocabulary from the didactic point of view. Furthermore, in the practical part, the diversity of synonyms used in curriculum of Russian language teaching are evaluated as well as the methods of demonstration and practising of such curriculum. In the final part of this thesis my own concepts for working with synonyms in teaching Russian language at high schools are suggested. KEYWORDS: synonyms, synonymous series, foreign languages, vocabulary, Russian language teaching

The purpose of this study is to document the indigenous Romance language of the Sark island located in the English Channel, known as Sark Norman. As implied by the thesis title, the original aim of the field research was to codify the orthographic form of the Sark Norman language, using previous scientific observations and the assistance of the final remaining native speakers in order to commence a gradual revitalisation of Sark Norman. In the course of the research, however, we were confronted with facts that resulted in renouncing our original aim. It emerged that the existing scientific knowledge of the Sark Norman phonology system was unsatisfactory. By contrast, some authentic historical documents, until then unknown within the scientific field, were explored and validated. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study became to introduce principal findings of the field research carried out on the Sark island in 2016 with the aim of deepening the scientific knowledge of a very unique Romance language, including disproving the biggest myths related to Sark Norman within the scientific environment.

The topic of the thesis are domain-specific languages (DSL) and their use in software development. The target audience are developers interested in learning more about this progressive area of software development. It starts with a necessary theoretical introduction to programming languages. Then, a classification of DSLs is given and software development methodologies based on DSLs are described, notably Language Oriented Programming and Intentional Programming. Another important piece in construction of domain-specific langauges -- the language workbench is also described. In the next chapter, several important tools for DSL creation are presented, described and compared. Each of the tools represents a different possible approach to designing DSLs -- textual, projectional or graphical. The last chapter of the thesis contains a practical example of a DSL implementation in the Meta Programming System by Jet- Brains and Xtext from Eclipse. A domain-specific language for the description of questionnaires is designed from scratch and a code generator for that language is created. A comparison of the DSL based technique to traditional software development techniques is given and the tools used are compared.

This Master thesis studies the usage of feminin forms of the nouns describing the profession in three East Slavic languages: Ukrainian, Russian and Belarusian. The work places great emphasis on sociolinguistic and morphological aspects of the formation and usage of these female correlates.