Title: The ankle joint injury prevention of floorball players Objectives: The main objective of this work is to determine what prevention of ankle joint and if ever floorball players use. The research is focused on players from first League and Extraleague in Czech Republic. Furthermore, what charakter of ankle joint injury is the most experienced by players , if there is a link between the injury of ankle joint and positions which are players playing, or a link between the injury of ankle joint with the length and frequency of trainings. The work deals also with the link between origins of injuries on rebound or swing leg. Methods: In the work has been used quantitative type of research using questionnaires. The results were statistically processed by programmes Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Science 17.0 (SPSS). Results: The research found that the incidence of ankle joint injuries by floorball players is high. The most common character of ankle joint injury is stretched ligaments. The link between injuries and the length and frequency of trainings, or the link between posts which players play and injuries can't be rejected. The injury of ankle joint occurs more frequently on rebound leg. Furthermore, it was found that many players are using some kind of prevention, but very...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that has significant individual, social, and economic impact worldwide. Although many etiologies lead to the eventual development of OA, one potentially treatable cause is the acute articular cartilage (AC) injury. These injuries are common and have a poor inherent healing capacity, leading to the formation of OA. In an effort to repair AC injuries several treatment strategies have been developed but none have proven completely successful. Studies examining AC tissue-engineering strategies have suggested that those with the most potential for success involve the introduction of autogenous or allogenous cells to the site of injury. These strategies are designed to encourage creation of a matrix with the appropriate characteristics of normal AC. However, development of a completely successful repair method has proven difficult because the biomechanical properties of normal AC are not easy to replicate, a cell source with the appropriate functional characteristics has not been optimized, and the problem of effective incorporation of a repair construct into the host tissue remains unresolved. In an effort to more fully understand the cartilage repair process, this work first focused on the development and utilization of an in vitro human explant model of AC to study the ability of seeded human chondrocytes to integrate into an AC defect. Further work elucidated the gene expression patterns of cultured adult human chondrocytes and human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived chondrocytes. Results from this work determined that cultured human chondrocytes were able to adhere to articular cartilage defects in a viable in vitro explant model and produce a matrix containing collagen type II. However, further work with the in vitro expanded chondrocytes revealed that these cells have increased expression of collagen type I which promotes the formation of a less durable fibrocartilagenous tissue. This unfavorable expression persisted despite placing the chondrocytes in an environment favoring a chondrocytic phenotype. Further work with MSC-derived chondrocytes demonstrated a similar and unfavorable production of collagen type I. This work represented an important first step towards a treatment for acute AC lesions but it is clear that further work to optimize the culture microenvironment is still required. / Experimental Surgery

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Damage to the functions of the shoulder joint in volleyball players, as a result of both acute and fatigue injuries, leads to prolonged withdrawal of an athlete from training and competitive activity, and sometimes the loss of promising athletes. While timely physical rehabilitation allows you to restore impaired functions as quickly as possible, return to the training process, and also reduce the risk of repeated injuries. The purpose of the study was to develop a physical rehabilitation program and evaluate its impact on the effectiveness of recovery of shoulder joint function after injuries in volleyball players. As a result of the study, the problem of injuries of the shoulder joint in volleyball players, factors that increase the risk of injuries, as well as modern methods of rehabilitation used for injuries of this kind were studied. The prevalence of injuries of the shoulder joint in student volleyball teams was estimated. The scientific novelty of the study is to develop an affordable program of physical rehabilitation of the functions of the shoulder joint after various injuries, including exercises to strengthen the muscles of the upper extremities. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of introducing this program of physical rehabilitation into the training process of student volleyball players. / Нарушение функций плечевого сустава у волейболистов, вследствие как острых, так и усталостных травам, приводит к длительному выбыванию спортсмена из тренировочной и соревновательной деятельности, а иногда и потере перспективных атлетов. В свою очередь, своевременная физическая реабилитация позволяет максимально быстро восстановить нарушенные функции, вернуться к тренировочному процессу, а также снизить риск повторного травматизма. Цель исследования – разработка программы физической реабилитации и оценка ее влияния на эффективность восстановления функции плечевого сустава после травм у волейболистов. В результате исследования была изучена проблема травм плечевого сустава у волейболистов, факторы повышающие риск травматизма, а также современные способы реабилитации, используемые при травмах такого рода. Оценена распространенность травм плечевого сустава у волейболистов студенческих команд. Научная новизна исследования состоит в разработке доступной программы физической реабилитации функций плечевого сустава после различных травм, включающей упражнения на укрепление мышц верхних конечностей. Практическая значимость работы заключается в возможности внедрения данной программы физической реабилитации в тренировочный процесс волейболистов студенческих сборных.

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