5 Abstract This dissertation examines the standing of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the area of police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, which was formally included under the umbrella of the European Union as a result of the Maastricht Treaty in the early nineties. Yet this area was excluded from the Community framework, which had a significant impact on the jurisdiction and competencies of the Court of Justice. Despite limitations arising from the construct of the third pillar, the Court of Justice took an opportunity through case law to overcome some of these limitations. The most recent milestone in the development of this area is the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty which removed the so-called pillar structure and further limitations disappeared with the end of the transitional period. Further, existing case law of the Court of Justice in this area has been closely linked to the framework decision on the European arrest warrant, which is based upon the principle of mutual recognition and mutual trust between the EU Member States, and thus became an important part of the case law of the Court of Justice. Given the scope of this framework decision, the Court of Justice has also been frequently dealing with the issue of fundamental rights, the protection of which plays an...

Thesis: Abortion in the light of case law of European Court of Human Rights This thesis focuses on the legal regulation of abortion in selected European countries in order to find single European standard. It concentrates primarily on issues of assessing violations of particular articles of the Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms by the European Court of Human Rights or former European Commission of Human Rights in relation to specific cases associated with abortion. Abortion means the deliberate termination of pregnancy by means of surgery or administration of drugs to induce abortion. Abortion is a major ethical issue that raises number of discussions and disputes. The complexity of the problem is due to the fact that on the one hand there is the mother's right to freely decide to terminate or continue the pregnancy and on the other hand, there is considerable right of the embryo/foetus to life. The whole text of the thesis is interwoven with finding a balance between these competing interests of women and the unborn child based on my own opinion or the opinion of the international judicial body. It analyzes two main approaches, which are pro-choice approach in favour of women's freedom of choice, and pro- life approach arguing that the foetus has right to life. Both approaches...

The doctoral thesis is thematically focused on a particular area of the environmental law, nature conservation. The first chapter presents selected significant international conventions and EU regulations, e.g. the Birds Directive and the Habitats Directive. The other parts deal with a comparison of the constitutional framework of environmental protection and nature conservation including the introduction of the general principles of the nature conservation in Federal Act on the Conservation of Nature and Landscape. Other chapters are focused on a comparison of general and specific nature conservation. The thesis contains selected decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union against Germany. In the conclusion, the answers to questions are given, the introduced legislation is compared and substantial differences in both legal systems are discussed.

The aim of my master thesis is to analyze hindrances to free movement of workers both from the theoretical point of view and in relation to the European Court of Justice cases. In the first part of the thesis I summarize the development of European integration and general principles of free movement of persons. Then the attention is paid to free movement of workers itself. The definition of a worker, primary and secondary legislation governing free movement of workers and the scope of free movement of workers are presented as well. Moreover, derogations from the principle of free movement of workers are discussed. The next part of the thesis is dedicated to the description of the European Court of Justice, its composition and various types of proceedings. In the last part of the thesis the most significant ECJ cases concerning hindrances to free movement of workers are selected and analyzed.

Thesis "Consumer Protection in transport in EU legislation" deals with consumer protection in specific areas. This thesis defined the rights and obligations of air passengers, rail transport, bus and coach transport and consumer protection when traveling by sea and inland waterways. The thesis is also exploring the awareness of EU citizens of their rights by the European Commission - Eurobarometer. Thesis is processed by analysis and comparison of selected judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union and EU legislation.

The main aim of the dissertation thesis is a case of the right deduct to input VAT which let companies to be involved into carousel frauds. The thesis analyses the related cases and examines in which conditions it may be legitimate to entitle the right to deduct recognize and when it is not. It also discusses the possible ways how to deal safely with partners. Moreover, it also examines which steps need to be taken into the consideration to reduce tax evasion on VAT which have been done recently in the Czech Republic.

Mr. Eduard Němeček, MD Divorce issue and its consequences Diploma Thesis 5. Summary: This work proposes a closer look at the divorce-related topics with consequential impacts both on financial situation of divorced spouses and destinies of minor children as resulting from divorced marriages in Czech Republic. Till date, this issue has been solved in different ways at both district and regional courts. In our republic, a more unifying element is represented by decisions of the Supreme and Constitutional Courts. This is a very serious social phenomenon which, according to statistics affects a large number of parents, children, but also childless partners. Yet from ancient times this phenomenon is known to be socially undesirable being almost entirely rejected by the Catholic Church in its canon law. The increase in divorces has resulted namely from the advancement procedure of society. It is a societal phenomenon known to occur irrelatively of the states and political systems, from the totalitarian regimes through those autocratic, up to highly democratic systems of developed countries worldwide. During the creation of this work, up to 40% of marriages have been critically monitored as expected to be ended in divorce. It's a long-term social phenomenon that surpassed all political systems from the...

The thesis called "Reasons for restricting of the free movement of services" is focused on one of the fundamental freedoms of internal market, free movement of services, both in terms of theory and especially from the perspective of The Court of Justice of the European Union. In five chapters of the thesis is analysed the general characteristics of the free movement of services, the relationship to the other freedoms of the internal market and the legal basis of this freedom in the primary and secondary legislation of the European Union. First chapter is focused on historical development of the internal market of European Union and on principles on which internal market operates. Second chapter of this thesis defines the term "services" and examine the relationship to the other freedoms of the internal market as well as the legal basis of the free movement of services in the primary and secondary legislation of the European Union. Third chapter of the thesis is focused on the restrictions of the free movement of services, direct and indirect discrimination, non- discriminatory restrictions and also on the harmonization of standards. Forth chapter examine legitimate restriction of the free movement of services both in the primary and secondary legislation of the European Union. Purpose of the last...