<p>Denna studie tar sin ansats i hur system och strategier för hantering av kunskap mynnar ut i olika hinder vid kunskapsöverföring inom managementkonsultföretag. Fallstudien bygger på fyra managementkonsultföretag varav två tillämpar en codification strategi och de andra två tillämpar en personalization strategi.</p><p>Alla företagen har mer eller mindre inslag av båda strategierna men tyngdpunkten ligger i en av dem medan den andra har ett understödjande roll i respektive företag. Av studien framgår att kunskapssystem och strategier hänger tätt ihop, och är beroende av vilken vikt företaget lägger vid att dokumentera och lagra kunskap.</p><p>Beroende av vilken kunskapsstrategi företagen i fallstudien tillämpade ställdes de inför olika hinder. Codification strategin renderade i hinder i form av rapportering, informationens kvalitet, användarvänlighet i databasen samt medarbetarnas motivation att dela kunskap internt genom att dokumentera projekt. Tillämpade företagen en personalization strategi ställdes företagen inför hinder i form av outtalad kunskap och medarbetarnas motivation att dela kunskap internt genom social interaktion som exempelvis sammanträden, telefonsamtal och e-post.</p>

Denna studie tar sin ansats i hur system och strategier för hantering av kunskap mynnar ut i olika hinder vid kunskapsöverföring inom managementkonsultföretag. Fallstudien bygger på fyra managementkonsultföretag varav två tillämpar en codification strategi och de andra två tillämpar en personalization strategi. Alla företagen har mer eller mindre inslag av båda strategierna men tyngdpunkten ligger i en av dem medan den andra har ett understödjande roll i respektive företag. Av studien framgår att kunskapssystem och strategier hänger tätt ihop, och är beroende av vilken vikt företaget lägger vid att dokumentera och lagra kunskap. Beroende av vilken kunskapsstrategi företagen i fallstudien tillämpade ställdes de inför olika hinder. Codification strategin renderade i hinder i form av rapportering, informationens kvalitet, användarvänlighet i databasen samt medarbetarnas motivation att dela kunskap internt genom att dokumentera projekt. Tillämpade företagen en personalization strategi ställdes företagen inför hinder i form av outtalad kunskap och medarbetarnas motivation att dela kunskap internt genom social interaktion som exempelvis sammanträden, telefonsamtal och e-post.

Class of 2008 Abstract / Objectives: Inhaled insulin is indicated for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This project was designed to evaluate the level of pharmacist knowledge concerning inhaled insulin therapy. Methods: An invitation to complete a questionnaire concerning inhaled insulin was sent via email to pharmacists registered in Arizona and preceptors for the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy. Respondents completed a 36 item questionnaire, including 25 knowledge questions. To determine overall pharmacist knowledge of inhaled insulin, the questionnaire results were aggregated into a total correct score. Independent t-tests were used to compare mean scores based on status as a preceptor, completion of a residency, attendance of an inhaled insulin training session, and pharmacist-reported level of confidence in counseling on inhaled insulin use. Results: The mean total correct score for 60 pharmacists who completed the questionnaire was 13.6 (SD = 6.7) out of 25. The mean scores for preceptor pharmacists and non-preceptor pharmacists were not statistically different. Only pharmacist-reported level of confidence in counseling patients on the use of inhaled insulin was significantly related to total score. Pharmacists who reported they were either “very confident” or “confident” in counseling patients about inhaled insulin achieved a higher total correct score compared to pharmacists reporting lower levels of confidence ( p = 0.009). Conclusions: This study identified an overall lack of knowledge regarding therapy with inhaled insulin among participating pharmacists. Pharmacists who self-reported that they were confident in providing counseling regarding inhaled insulin were significantly more knowledgeable.

This research process sought to gain an understanding of the current knowledge creation process.

The unifying theme of all three chapters of this dissertation is incomplete information games. Each chapter investigates two essential components, namely beliefs and knowledge, of incomplete information games. In particular, the first two chapter studies an alternative equilibrium notion of Sakovics (2001)- mirage equilibrium- and the final chapter introduces a new notion of metric to measure the distance between partitions. All relevant notations and definitions are defined for each chapter so that any of them can be read independently. In the first chapter, I restudy the Purification theorem of Harsanyi (1973) by relaxing the common knowledge assumption on priors for 2 x 2 games. I show that the limit of the (Mirage) equilibrium points in perturbed games generically converge to a pure strategy of the original complete information. This result, unlike the original one in which the limit is a mixed equilibrium point, is reminiscent of risk dominance criterion of Carlsson and van Damme (1993). I also study the conditions for different hierarchy levels that yields risk dominant outcome for coordination games. That is, I give conditions (first order stochastic dominance and monotone likelihood ratio order) that yield the risk dominant outcome of a coordination game as the limit of perturbed game ´a la Harsanyi (1973). In the second chapter, I attempt to provide a generalization of mirage equilibrium for dynamic games in the context of Cournot duopoly in which costs are private information. The task of extending the definition of mirage equilibrium is a nontrivial issue since it is not clear on which level of finite hierarchies of beliefs the update takes place. I take a short-cut to tackle this problem and instead of working on beliefs (probability distributions) directly, I work on the support of them. Broadly speaking, players update their beliefs by eliminating the support of ”types” that do not explain the opponents’ behavior. I show that the limit of this update process converges to a Nash equilibrium of the corresponding complete information game. I also show that the rate of convergence is linear. In the third chapter, I define a new metric to measure the distance between the partitions of a given finite set. I compare the proposed metric with the ones in the literature through examples.

This research process sought to gain an understanding of the current knowledge creation process.

Organizational transformations, such as mergers and acquisitions, disrupt the steady state of organizational daily life. Under some conditions, these kinds of disruptions may actually alter the organizational and occupational structure of everyday work. However, current theories of organizational learning and knowledge governance, such as the so-called ‘knowledge- or capability-based view of the firm’, are inadequate when it comes to the potential number of structural variations inherent in an organizational transformation taking place in non-commercial organizational settings such as higher education institutions. In an exploratory case study of a university merger, this dissertation inductively examines how governance structures in universities impact the creation and exploitation of knowledge, both in core academic activities (research and teaching) and in related and supporting administrative tasks. This setting provides an institutional configuration that differs considerably from that which has informed most previous research on the creation, sharing and exploitation of knowledge, but in which there are prominent institutional locales for the governance of knowledge processes. Taking a practice lens, this study proposes a finer-grained picture of those structural variations by depicting the recursive relationship between changes in knowledge content (ostensive aspects) and knowledge-use practices (performative aspects) in the academic merger. Similarities and differences in relation to knowledge governance in firms are also identified. The findings suggest a classification of the micro-processes by which organizational and competence-based capabilities are recreated, improving our understanding of knowledge-based capabilities (re)creation at different levels of organization and through different stages of merger implementation.

This article is a presentation of a brief cultural glossary of Northern Sotho cooking terms. The glossary is mainly composed of names for utensils and ingredients, and action words for the processes involved in the preparation of cultural dishes. It also contains names of dishes tied to some idiomatic expressions in a way eliciting cultural experiences that can lead to an under-standing of indigenous knowledge systems. The article seeks to explore ways of capturing cultural glossaries to feed into the national dictionary corpora by using a case-study approach to investigate the processes that led to the generation of this specific school-based project. A number of issues that surfaced in this project, can possibly serve as models for the collection of authentic glossaries that can support dictionary making in African languages.

Children with life threatening food allergies live with the constant threat of a fatal reaction, and caregivers must always be prepared to treat with an epinephrine auto-injector (EAI). This interpretive phenomenological study explored parents’ perceptions and lived experiences with prescribed EAI use for their child. The purposive sample included 10 parents of five children under 12 years of age, diagnosed with a food allergy and prescribed with an EAI who recently experienced anaphylaxis. Eight main themes emerged: perception of anaphylaxis, life challenges, isolation, anxiety, hesitation, guilt, influence of health care, and lessons learned. Parents described multiple life challenges and feelings of isolation, anxiety and hesitation during a reaction that lead to subsequent guilt. Handling reactions correctly provided parents with confidence to treat subsequent reactions. Witnessing the effects of an EAI and receiving positive feedback from health care providers further strengthened their confidence to quickly and competently intervene in future reactions. / February 2017

Tato práce je zaměřena na základní procesy tvorby znalostí v podnicích a veřejných institucích. V teoretické části jsou popsané pohledy moderní vědy na data, informace a znalosti, proces tvorby a řízení znalostí z hlediska knowlege managementu. V praktické části jsou podrobněji probrány otázky tvorby a řízení znalostí na přikladu reálne organizace, a podrobněji analyzovany problemy spojené neefektivní praci se znalostí a mozností zlepšeni .