This thesis deals with accounting and taxation aspects of transformations of business corporations. Specifically, it deals with division of business corporations, using the method of the classical division and spin-off. The firts part describes the theoretical basis for accounting, tax and legal issues of division. In the second part of the work the company is practically performed in two ways, which are compared in the final part of the work and a variant for the implementation is recommended

The diploma thesis deals with issues of business corporation transformations. The thesis is focused on the transfer of assets to the partner and the tax implications associated with this transformation. Theoretical part of the diploma thesis is focused on the basic terms of business corporation transformations. In the second part, the acquired knowledge is applied to practical examples, and transfer of assets is processed in a variant, when the partner is not an accounting entity, and a variant, when the partner is an accounting entity. In the final part of thesis, these two variants of transfer of assets to the partner are mutually compared, including their tax implications.

The subject matter of this Master's thesis is to describe and to analyze the legislation of the fiduciary duties as well as the related questions such as the business judgment rule and the request on the management decisions. The fiduciary duties represent the standard of acting which must be respected by the member of the elected body during the exercise of the managerial power. The business judgment rule, however, protects the members of the elected bodies from unjustified accusations of the violation of the standard of the acting while in the final consequence represents the protection of the authority to undertake the decisions. The request on the management decision represents an exception from the common rule, solely entrusting the management of the business into the hands of the statutory body. The main aim of this thesis is to describe and to analyze the listed legislations including the crucial questions arising from these issues together with the suggestion of the solutions. The diploma thesis consists of four chapters. First chapter presents the introductory treatise on the implementation of the legal establishment of the corporate governance together with the emphasis on the economical output. The second chapter is dedicated to the very merit. The legislation of the fiduciary duties,...

This diploma thesis “Tax Harmonisation in the European Union” focuses on an assessment of current developments in the harmonization of the various types of taxes. It compares the pros and cons of tax harmonization versus tax competition. It assesses continuation of the harmonisation process feasibility and its consequences. It contains an overview of the implementation of harmonization measures into the tax system in the Czech Republic.

After accession to the European Union, tax issues acquired and are still acquiring an entirely new character. A new legal environment is forming both in the Czech Republic and in the European Union. Until now, only indirect taxes have been harmonised, with direct taxes having remained in the domain of each member state. However, we are now feeling pressure to harmonise this area as well. Cases concerning value added tax belong to those that are now most often being resolved in front of the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg. Cases regarding direct taxes are also becoming increasingly important. Will direct taxes be harmonized to the same extent as indirect taxes have? When potential investor is considering his investment into a company, he needs to match comparable figures. Definitely, one of the most important criterions is the amount of profit after taxation followed by payout of dividends. If there are different ways of taxation of corporations in various EU Member States, then there would be no possibility to compare corporations placed in various EU Member States objectively. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is, based on the research in the whole EU regarding taxation of corporations, to suggest a method how to harmonize taxation of corporations, which now prevents companies from trading in a single EU market, and also to minimize corporation’s costs of fulfilment of tax administration requirements of each Member State. This aim has been achieved through the following partial aims: .. An analysis of taxation of corporations in each of all 27 EU Member States, .. An analysis of proposals of the European Commission regarding harmonisation of taxation of companies, .. Suggestion of own method of harmonization of taxation of corporations in the EU. In conclusion, there are emphasized the contributions of this thesis to the science, to the practice and to education.