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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Effects Of High Hydrostatic Pressure (hhp) On Quality Parameters And Shelf-life Of Lager Beer

Buzrul, Sencer 01 January 2003 (has links) (PDF)
Filtered bright and unfiltered hazy lager beer samples were either treated with high hydrostatic pressure (200, 250, 300, 350 MPa for 3, 5 and 10 min at 10&deg / C and 20&deg / C) or conventional heat pasteurization (60&deg / C for 15 min). Treatments did not affect ethanol, extract, fermentation degree, density and pH in comparison with untreated beers. Both treatments produced microbiologically stable products. Bitterness, color, protein sensitivity and chill haze parameters were affected by both the HHP and heat treatment. A storage period of 56 days showed that HHP and heat pasteurization had similar results in terms of pH and color. However, HHP treated samples had lower bitterness and protein sensitivity and higher chill haze values than the heat pasteurized samples which indicates HHP treatment had a positive effect on bitterness and protein sensitivity at the end of the storage period. The microbiological stability of HHP treated beers was comparable with heat-treated beers, and the development of both lactic and acetic acid bacteria was inhibited for 56 days of storage. Unfiltered beer samples had 7. 48, 7.15 and 2.64 log10cfu/ml of total yeasts, total aerobic and lactic acid bacteria counts, respectively. No colony formation of lactic acid bacteria was observed when the samples were pressurized at pressures equal to or higher than 300 MPa at 10&deg / C and 20&deg / C for 5 and 10 min. Total aerobic and total yeasts counts demonstrated more than 6 and 7 log-cycle reduction when pressurized at 350 MPa at 10&deg / C and 20&deg / C for 10 min, respectively. Heat treatment gave similar results in terms of log reductions as HHP.
2

CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE CERVEJAS POR ANÁLISE DE IMAGENS E PCA / Classification of beer by PCA and analysis of image

SILVA, Thiago César de Oliveira 30 June 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:12:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Thiago Cesar.pdf: 841884 bytes, checksum: cee2fa330f9f584e1e3feaa6524d8a0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-30 / In this work a simple and new approach for lager beer pattern recognition based on image analysis was accomplished using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Digital color images obtained from a scanner were decomposed into a binary form with the help of Scilab and SIP softwares. The PCA data matrix consisted of RGB color histograms for each sample. 350 mL beer cans were chosen at random on the shelf of local supermarkets in an overall of ninety cans from ten different brands. 200 mL samples were immersed in an ultrasound bath for a period of time ranging from twenty to thirty minutes before the digital image processing. The resulting methodology can be a simple alternative to the analytical quality control of lager beers. / Nesse trabalho foi desenvolvida uma nova metodologia para classificação de cervejas utilizando análise de imagens, tendo como atributo de qualidade a cor, com o emprego da Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA). Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho fez-se uso do software matemático Scilab e do pacote computacional SIP, que possibilitou a decomposição e a análise das imagens digitalizadas obtidas por meio de um scanner comercial. Rotinas foram aplicadas no software para decompor as imagens geradas nos formatos JPEG e BMP, em termos dos canais R, G e B, do padrão de cores RGB. Por meio dos algoritmos desenvolvidos, cada matriz de dados resultante da imagem de uma amostra de cerveja foi transformada em uma nova matriz, a qual gerou o respectivo histograma médio de freqüências das 768 variáveis, cada canal de cor contém 256 (0 a 255) índices de cor. De tal modo, pôde-se analisar as diferentes marcas de cerveja por meio dos gráficos de PCA, com base nos resultados dos gráficos dos loadings e dos scores e dos histogramas médios de freqüência de cada marca. Foram analisadas imagens em formato JPEG de dez marcas de cerveja do tipo pilsen em embalagens de latas contendo 350 mL de cerveja, escolhidas ao acaso, considerando as marcas de maior consumo na região metropolitana de Goiânia. Cerca de 200 mL de cerveja foram retiradas de cada lata e submetidas ao ultra-som para desgaseificação antes da captura da imagens no scanner. Durante as análises de imagens foram percebidas sensíveis alterações de cor das amostras de cerveja quando expostas a luz e ao ar, de modo que esse fenômeno passou a ser avaliado como sendo objetivo secundário do trabalho. Em um segundo momento, com o intuito de ampliar o estudo da análise de imagens, fez-se novas análises com imagens em formato bitmap, BMP, e para tanto foi realizada nova amostragem com o mesmo critério da anterior. Nessa nova amostragem foram escolhidas oito marcas, dentre as quais, sete coincidiram com as marcas utilizadas na análise das imagens com formato em JPEG. Os resultados obtidos nesse trabalho indicam que a metodologia proposta pode ser uma alternativa analítica simples para o controle de qualidade da cerveja, tendo como atributo a cor.

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