This thesis investigates the phonetic and phonological properties of laryngeal distinctions in the consonant inventory of Tahltan, a northern Athapaskan language. This thesis does not examine the phonetic properties of all Tahltan consonants. Instead, this thesis focuses on the phonetic acoustic properties of plain stop consonants, which have been described inconsistently in Tahltan, to determine their laryngeal specification. This thesis also examines the observed patterns of behavior governing syllable structure to help determine the laryngeal specification of consonants in Tahltan. In addition, several morphophonemic processes are examined to determine the phonological laryngeal specification of consonants in Tahltan. Based on the phonetic findings, and observed patterns of behavior governing syllable structure, I will argue that stop consonants in Tahltan exhibit four laryngeal articulations: voiced, voiceless unaspirated voiceless aspirated and glottalized. Based on the morphophonemic evidence, I will argue that fricative consonants exhibit two laryngeal articulations: voiced and voiceless. Furthermore, I will argue that glottal stop is specified for the laryngeal specification [constricted glottis] (henceforth [CG]) and that [h] is specified for the laryngeal specification [spread glottis] (henceforth [SG]).

This thesis investigates the phonetic and phonological properties of laryngeal distinctions in the consonant inventory of Tahltan, a northern Athapaskan language. This thesis does not examine the phonetic properties of all Tahltan consonants. Instead, this thesis focuses on the phonetic acoustic properties of plain stop consonants, which have been described inconsistently in Tahltan, to determine their laryngeal specification. This thesis also examines the observed patterns of behavior governing syllable structure to help determine the laryngeal specification of consonants in Tahltan. In addition, several morphophonemic processes are examined to determine the phonological laryngeal specification of consonants in Tahltan. Based on the phonetic findings, and observed patterns of behavior governing syllable structure, I will argue that stop consonants in Tahltan exhibit four laryngeal articulations: voiced, voiceless unaspirated voiceless aspirated and glottalized. Based on the morphophonemic evidence, I will argue that fricative consonants exhibit two laryngeal articulations: voiced and voiceless. Furthermore, I will argue that glottal stop is specified for the laryngeal specification [constricted glottis] (henceforth [CG]) and that [h] is specified for the laryngeal specification [spread glottis] (henceforth [SG]). / Arts, Faculty of / Linguistics, Department of / Graduate

This thesis describes the modeling of Martial Arts as a markup language. Up until now Martial Arts has already been documented in books, videos, tradition and other methods. Though to represent Martial Arts knowledge consistently and uniformly in a digital era, we introduce the Martial Arts Markup Language (MAML), which is based on XML. Because XML provides a standardized, serializable and portable format, MAML also enables sharing among students, teachers and their peers across different platforms, media and networks. MAML provides the ability, with appropriate XML tools, to document a Martial Arts style in a structured way. To achieve this, we first analyze the aspects that comprise Martial Arts; and how its states and processes relate to one another. We model in MAML describing the stances, transitions, punches, blocks, techniques, combinations, reactions and patterns used in Martial Arts. We discuss the implementation of MAML by observing and extracting the definable aspects in existing Martial Art Instructive Documents. The MAML Schema assures that the details of a Martial Arts Style’s elements are consistent. Current simulation efforts will be explained as well as areas for future development. We have described Martial Arts by observing what has already been done and creating a structured standard to document them. We hope to enable practitioners’ abilities to learn from and develop their arts by providing a resource in which they can interact with. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Continuous Deep Analytics (CDA) is a new form of analytics with performance requirements exceeding what the current generation of distributed systems can offer. This thesis is part of a five year project in collaboration between RISE SICS and KTH to develop a next generation distributed system capable of CDA. The two issues which the system aims to solve are computation sharing and hardware acceleration. The former refers to how BigData and machine learning libraries such as TensorFlow, Pandas and Numpy must collaborate in the most efficient way possible. Hardware acceleration relates to how the back-end of current generation general purpose data processing systems such as Spark and Flink are bottlenecked by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). As the JVM abstracts over the underlying hardware, its applications become portable but also forfeit the opportunity to fully exploit the available hardware resources. This thesis aims to explore the area of Domain Specific Languages (DSLs) and code generation as a solution to hardware acceleration. The idea is to translate incoming queries to the system into low-level code, tailor suited to each worker machine’s specific hardware. To this end, two Scala DSLs for generating Rust code have been developed for the translation step. Rust is a new, low-level programming language with a unique take on memory management which makes it as safe as Java and fast as C. Scala is a language which is well suited towards development of DSLs due to its flexible syntax and semantics. The first DSL is implemented as a string interpolator. The interpolator splices strings of Rust code together, at compile time or runtime, and passes the result to an external process for static checking. The second DSL instead provides an API for constructing an abstract syntax tree, which after construction can be traversed and printed into Rust source code. The API combines three concepts: heterogeneous lists, fluent interfaces, and algebraic data types. These allow the userto express advanced Rust syntax such as polymorphic structs, functions, and traits, without sacrificing type safety. / Kontinuerlig Djup Analys (CDA) är en ny form av analys med prestandakrav som överstiger vad den nuvarande generationen av distributerade system kan erbjuda. Den här avhandlingen är del av ett project mellan RISE SICS och KTH för att utveckla ett nästa-generations distribuerat system kapabelt av CDA. Det är två problem som systemet syftar på att lösa: hårdvaruacceleration och beräkningsdelning. Det första handlar om hur BigData och maskininlärningssystem som sådan som TensorFlow, Pandas och Numpy måste kunna samarbeta så effektivt som möjligt. Hårdvaruacceleration relaterar till hur back-end delen i den dagens distribuerade beräknings system, såsom Spark och Flink, flaskhalsas av Javas Virtuella Maskin. JVM:en abstraherar över den underliggande hårvaran. Som resultat blir dess applikationer portabla, men ger också upp möjligheten att fullständigt utnyttja de tillgängliga hårdvaruresurserna. Den här avhandlingen siktar på att utforska området kring Domänspecifika Språk (DSLer) och kodgenerering som en lösning till hårdvaruacceleration. Idén är att översätta inkommande förfrågningar till låg-nivå kod, skräddarsydd till varje arbetar maskin’s specifika hårdvara. Till detta ändamål har två Scala DSLer utvecklats för generering av Rust kod. Rust är ett nytt låg-nivå språk med ett unikt vidtagande kring minneshantering som gör det både lika säkert som Java och snabbt som C. Scala är ett språk som passar bra tillutveckling av DSLer pågrund av dess flexibla syntax och semantik. Den första DSLen är implementerad som en sträng-interpolator. Interpolatorn sammanfogar strängar av Rust kod, under kompileringstid eller exekveringstid, och passerar resultatet till enextern process för statisk kontroll. Den andra DSLen består istället av ett API för att konstruera ett abstrakt syntaxträd, som efteråt kan traverseras och skrivas ut till Rust kod. API:et kombinerar tre koncept: heterogena listor, flytande gränssnitt, och algebraiska datatyper. Dessa tillåter användaren att uttrycka avancerad Rust syntax, såsom polymorfiska strukts, funktioner, och traits, utan att uppoffra typsäkerhet.

This thesis describes basic grammatical features and lexicon of Matal, a Chadic language spoken by around 18 000 people in northern Cameroon. A translation of the New Testament is used as a parallel text for the purposes of this study. The identified language structures are compared with other Chadic languages. The results show that Matal is overall typical for the language family, except for the pronominal system, which lacks a clusivity distinction. Nouns and adjectives have a limited morphology, only expressing number as a grammatical category, whereas verbs have many categories that are expressed morphologically, by prefixation and suffixation. For finite verb forms, subject prefixes are obligatory. Tense is expressed either by altered tone in the stem vowel or morphologically. Several verbal suffixes with number and person variants have been identified, although their functions have not been entirely clarified. A system of complex adpositions that make extensive use of grammaticalized body concepts has also been inquired, within which the phenomenon of preposition agreement has been identified. Basic syntactic features, such as word order, negation and topicalization are also addressed. The analysis of the lexicon demonstrates that the basic vocabulary is mainly inherited from earlier stages of the language, but a large number of lexical loans in various semantic domains have also entered Matal. / Denna uppsats beskriver grundläggande grammatiska drag och ordförråd i Matal, ett tchadspråk som talas av omkring 18 000 personer i norra Kamerun. En översättning av Nya Testamentet används som parallelltext i denna studie. Identifierade språkliga strukturer jämförs med andra tchadspråk. Resultaten visar att Matal är på det stora hela typiskt för språkfamiljen, med undantag för det pronominella systemet, som inte uppvisar någon skillnad i klusivitet. Substantiv och adjektiv har en begränsad morfologi som endast uttrycker numerus som grammatisk kategori, medan verb har ett stort antal kategorier som uttrycks morfologiskt. Dessa har formen av affix som fogas både före och efterstammen. I finita verbformer är subjektprefix obligatoriska. Tempus kan uttryckas antingen genom ändrad ton i stamvokalen eller morfologiskt. Ett antal verbsuffix med varianter för numerus och person har identifierats, dock har deras funktion inte klarlagts helt. Ett system med komplexa adpositioner som i stor utsträckning använder sig av grammatikaliserade kroppsdelstermer har också undersökts, inom vilket fenomenet av prepositionskongruens i vissa komplexa adpositioner har påvisats. Grundläggande syntaktiska drag som ordföljd, negation och topikalisering tas också upp. Analysen av Matals lexikon visar att det grundläggande ordförrådet är företrädesvis nedärvt från tidigare språkstadier, men också att ett stort antal lånord i olika semantiska domäner har kommit in i språket.