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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The effect of electric fields on photodynamic activation

Ward, Thelma A. January 1998 (has links)
No description available.
2

Plieno paviršiaus atsparumas dilimui paveikus lazerio spinduliuote / Steel resistance to wear after laser irradiation

Strumilaitė, Rūta 10 June 2005 (has links)
There was analysed the resistance to wear after laser irradiation subject to power density of middle carboniferous alloy steel and accomplished abrasive wear attrition work, when steel is interacted with higher hardness metal. There was established, that resistance to wear of steel was higher after laser irradiation, after changes in microstructure.
3

Estudo dos efeitos do tratamento com laser num modelo experimental de lesão nervosa por esmagamento do nervo ciático em ratos.

Endo, Cristina 21 March 2002 (has links)
O presente estudo avaliou a ação precoce do laser terapêutico de baixa potência de Arsenieto de Gálio (AsGa) no processo de regeneração de uma lesão experimental por esmagamento de nervo ciático de ratos. Foram utilizados vinte ratos, da linhagem Wistar, divididos em dois grupos: grupo nãoirradiado (controle, n=10) e grupo irradiado (tratado com laser AsGa, n=10). O nervo ciático dos animais de ambos os grupos foi devidamente exposto, e, uma área de 5mm foi submetida a carga estática de 15000g, aplicada por meio de um dispositivo portátil de esmagamento, durante dez minutos. A irradiação transcutânea de laser de AsGa, com dose pontual de 4J/cm2, teve seu início no 1º dia pós-operatório, sendo a aplicação realizada diariamente, por um período de dez dias consecutivos. A recuperação funcional foi avaliada nos períodos préoperatório, 7º, 14º e 21º dias, através de valores fornecidos por um programa de cálculo do Índice Funcional do Ciático (IFC), apresentando uma melhora progressiva em ambos os grupos, porém, com valores mais expressivos para o grupo irradiado com laser a partir do 14º dia. Os animais foram sacrificados no 21º dia pós-operatório para a análise histológica e morfometria dos nervos. Os resultados demonstram um aumento de densidade média de fibras nervosas em grupo de animais irradiados com laser de baixa potência e uma melhora do aspecto morfológico em comparação ao grupo não-irradiado . A conclusão aponta que o laser de arsenieto de gálio (AsGa), na dose utilizada, possui efeito benéfico temporário sobre o nervo ciático de ratos submetido a lesão por esmagamento, contribuindo para a melhora do aspecto morfológico nervoso, evidenciando um processo regenerativo acentuado, em comparação com o grupo não tratado, segundo avaliação funcional e morfológica. / The present study has investigated the earlier influence of low power laser irradiation (GaAs) on nerve regeneration process after experimental crush injury of the sciatic nerve of rats . Twenty Wistar's rats were used and divided into two groups: non irradiated group (control, n=10) and irradiated group (laser treatement, n=10). The sciatic nerves were exposed, for both groups, and an area of 5mm was crushed with 15000g static load for ten minutes, in a portable crushing device. Low power irradiation (4J/cm2) were aplied transcutaneously for ten consecutive days, after the first day post-operative. Functional recovery was checked before crushing procedure, 7º , 14º and 21º days after crush damage and was evaluated by means of the Sciatic Functional Index (SFI) calculated by a specific software. Values showed a progressive improvement in both groups but more marked in that with laser irradiation, begining at 14º day. Animals were killed on the 21º postoperative day for morphometric and histological examination of the nerves. Results showed an increased nerve fiber density in the laser irradiated group, as well as an improvement in the morphological aspects. In conclusion, low power laser irradiation GaAs , with a dose of 4J/cm2, has a temporary beneficial effect on the sciatic nerve of rats submitted a crush injury, improving morphological nerve aspects and showing an increase regenerative process, according to functional and histologic evaluation.
4

Estudo dos efeitos do tratamento com laser num modelo experimental de lesão nervosa por esmagamento do nervo ciático em ratos.

Cristina Endo 21 March 2002 (has links)
O presente estudo avaliou a ação precoce do laser terapêutico de baixa potência de Arsenieto de Gálio (AsGa) no processo de regeneração de uma lesão experimental por esmagamento de nervo ciático de ratos. Foram utilizados vinte ratos, da linhagem Wistar, divididos em dois grupos: grupo nãoirradiado (controle, n=10) e grupo irradiado (tratado com laser AsGa, n=10). O nervo ciático dos animais de ambos os grupos foi devidamente exposto, e, uma área de 5mm foi submetida a carga estática de 15000g, aplicada por meio de um dispositivo portátil de esmagamento, durante dez minutos. A irradiação transcutânea de laser de AsGa, com dose pontual de 4J/cm2, teve seu início no 1º dia pós-operatório, sendo a aplicação realizada diariamente, por um período de dez dias consecutivos. A recuperação funcional foi avaliada nos períodos préoperatório, 7º, 14º e 21º dias, através de valores fornecidos por um programa de cálculo do Índice Funcional do Ciático (IFC), apresentando uma melhora progressiva em ambos os grupos, porém, com valores mais expressivos para o grupo irradiado com laser a partir do 14º dia. Os animais foram sacrificados no 21º dia pós-operatório para a análise histológica e morfometria dos nervos. Os resultados demonstram um aumento de densidade média de fibras nervosas em grupo de animais irradiados com laser de baixa potência e uma melhora do aspecto morfológico em comparação ao grupo não-irradiado . A conclusão aponta que o laser de arsenieto de gálio (AsGa), na dose utilizada, possui efeito benéfico temporário sobre o nervo ciático de ratos submetido a lesão por esmagamento, contribuindo para a melhora do aspecto morfológico nervoso, evidenciando um processo regenerativo acentuado, em comparação com o grupo não tratado, segundo avaliação funcional e morfológica. / The present study has investigated the earlier influence of low power laser irradiation (GaAs) on nerve regeneration process after experimental crush injury of the sciatic nerve of rats . Twenty Wistar's rats were used and divided into two groups: non irradiated group (control, n=10) and irradiated group (laser treatement, n=10). The sciatic nerves were exposed, for both groups, and an area of 5mm was crushed with 15000g static load for ten minutes, in a portable crushing device. Low power irradiation (4J/cm2) were aplied transcutaneously for ten consecutive days, after the first day post-operative. Functional recovery was checked before crushing procedure, 7º , 14º and 21º days after crush damage and was evaluated by means of the Sciatic Functional Index (SFI) calculated by a specific software. Values showed a progressive improvement in both groups but more marked in that with laser irradiation, begining at 14º day. Animals were killed on the 21º postoperative day for morphometric and histological examination of the nerves. Results showed an increased nerve fiber density in the laser irradiated group, as well as an improvement in the morphological aspects. In conclusion, low power laser irradiation GaAs , with a dose of 4J/cm2, has a temporary beneficial effect on the sciatic nerve of rats submitted a crush injury, improving morphological nerve aspects and showing an increase regenerative process, according to functional and histologic evaluation.
5

Catalytic Activity of Heteropoly Tungstophosphoric Acid supported on Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide Prepared by Laser and Microwave Irradiation

Dailo, Mark Paul Jimena 01 January 2014 (has links)
The solid acid catalyst of the Keggin-type 12-tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40, HPW) is supported on partially reduced graphene oxide (PRGO) nanosheets for acid-catalyzed reactions. HPW is a new class of catalyst with a good thermal stability and high Bronsted acidity in order to replace common mineral acids. However, it has low specific surface area (1-5 m2/g). Therefore, the possibility of PRGO as a catalytic support for HPW is investigated due to its high surface area (2630 m2/g) and good thermal stability. The synthesis of HPW-GO catalyst is prepared using microwave and laser irradiation without using any chemical reducing agents. The HPW-GO catalysts are characterized by Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Also, the surface acidity is measured by a non-aqueous titration of n-butyl amine. Furthermore, the application for catalysts is tested by three acid-catalyzed reactions: Esterification, Friedel-Crafts acylation, and Pechmann condensation. The greatest acidity for the microwave irradiation method is with the loading of 85 wt% HPW-GO and 60wt% HPW-GO for laser irradiation. The results observed provide an excellent opportunity for PRGO as a catalytic support for HPW for acid-catalyzed reactions.
6

Influência de diferentes doses e número de aplicações do laser em baixa intensidade no reparo de defeitos ósseos em calvária de ratas Wistar com modelo experimental para a osteoporose / Influence of different doses and different number sessions of low-level laser irradiation in the repair of bone defects in calvaria of Wistar female rats model of osteoporosis

Scalize, Priscilla Hakime 28 November 2014 (has links)
A laserterapia em baixa intensidade (LLLI) é uma nova metodologia com comprovada eficácia na formação e na diminuição da reabsorção óssea, porém ainda não existe uma padronização quanto à sua utilização, sendo, portanto, necessários mais estudos para investigar o efeito de diferentes parâmetros como o comprimento de onda, duração da aplicação e número de sessões. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da LLLI em defeitos ósseos críticos em calvária de ratas Wistar com modelo experimental para osteoporose. A qualidade do tecido ósseo neoformado foi analisada por meio da microscopia de luz, e por meio da estereologia, foram estimados os seguintes parâmetros: volume do tecido de reparação do defeito (Vtr - μm3), densidade de volume das trabéculas (Vvt), volume total das trabéculas ósseas neoformadas (Vtot - μm3), densidade numérica de osteócitos (Nvost - μm-3), número total de osteócitos (Ntoost), volume médio dos osteócitos (Vnost - μm3), densidade de superfície das trabéculas (Svt - μm-1) e superfície de área das trabéculas (Sαt - μm2). A quantidade total de colágeno também foi analisada (Ac - μm2). Foram utilizadas 54 ratas que foram submetidas à ovariectomia bilateral. Após 150 dias, foram realizados defeitos ósseos na calvária. Os animais foram divididos em 9 grupos (n=6) e 24 horas após a confecção do defeito iniciou-se o tratamento com laser de Arseneto Gálio-Alumínio (AsGaAl; 780 nm). Os Grupos 1, 2 e 3 (G1, G2 e G3) receberam a dose ou densidade de energia de 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 e 30 J/cm2 respectivamente, por 3 sessões; os grupos 4, 5 e 6 (G4, G5 e G6) receberam 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 e 30 J/cm2 respectivamente, por 6 sessões e os grupos 7, 8 e 9 (G7, G8 e G9) receberam 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 e 30 J/cm2 respectivamente, por 12 sessões. Comparando os grupos G2 e G1 os resultados estereológicos foram significantes para Vtr (p=0,023), Vvt (p=0,003), Vtot (p=0,04), Ntoost (p=0,048), Svt (p=0,000), Sαt (p=0,001) e Ac (p=0,000). Na comparação de G3 e G1 encontrou-se resultados significantes para Vvt (p=0,002) e Vtot (p=0,02). Na comparação de G5 e G4 os resultados foram significantes para Svt (p=0,041) e Sαt (p=0,043) e na comparação de G6 e G4 os resultados foram significantes para Vtr (p=0,005), Vvt (p=0,000), Vtot (p=0,000), Nvost (p=0,025), Ntoost (p=0,011), Svt (p=0,034), Sαt (p=0,028) e Ac (p=0,001). A comparação de G8 e G7 mostrou que a Sαt foi significante (p=0,047) e na comparação entre G9 e G7 os resultados foram significantes para Vtr (p=0,014), Vvt (p=0,000), Vtot (p=0,000), Nvost (p=0,025), Ntoost (p=0,024), Svt (p=0,042), Sαt (p=0,014) e Ac (p=0,023). Pôde-se concluir que houve neoformação óssea nos grupos que receberam as doses de 20 e 30 J/cm2 quando comparados com os respectivos grupos controles, porém, ao longo do tempo, a dose de 30 J/cm2 mostrou parâmetros estereológicos melhores quando comparada à dose de 20 J/cm2 / Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) is a new methodology with proven clinical benefits in increased formation and decreased resorption of bone, however, the use of LLLI still needs to be clarified and standardized. Therefore, more studies are needed to analyze the effects of different parameters, such as wavelength, duration of application and number of sessions. This study aimed to assess the effects of LLLI on critical bone defects in rat calvaria used as an experimental model of osteoporosis. Light microscopy was used to analyze the quality of newly formed bone tissue and stereology was used to calculate the following parameters: tissue repair volume (Vtr - μm3), volume density of trabecular bone (Vvt), total volume of newly formed trabecular bone (Vtot - μm3), numerical density of osteocytes (Nvost - μm-3), total number of osteocytes (Ntoost), mean volume of osteocytes (Vnost - μm3), surface density of trabecular bone (Svt - μm-1) and area surface of trabecular bone (Sαt - μm2). The total amount of collagen was also examined (Ac - μm2). Fifty-four Wistar rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy. The bone defects were created in calvaria after 150 days. The animals were divided into 9 groups (n=6) and 24 hours after creating the defect, the treatment started with 780nm low intensity gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) laser: Groups 1, 2 and 3 (G1, G2 and G3) received the energy density of 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 and 30 J/cm2 respectively, in 3 sessions; Groups 4, 5 and 6 (G4, G5 and G6) received 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 and 30 J/cm2 respectively, in 6 sessions; Groups 7, 8 and 9 (G7, G8 and G9) received 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 and 30 J/cm2 respectively, in 12 sessions. For the comparison between groups G2 and G1, the results obtained were significant for Vtr (p=0,023), Vvt (p=0,003), Vtot (p=0,04), Ntoost (p=0,048), Svt (p=0,000), Sαt (p=0,001) and Ac (p=0,000). For the comparison between G3 and G1, the results were significant for Vvt (p=0,002) and Vtot (p=0,02). For the comparison between G5 and G4, the results were significant for Svt (p=0,041) and Sαt (p=0,043) and for the comparison between G6 and G4, the results were significant for Vtr (p=0,005), Vvt (p=0,000), Vtot (p=0,000), Nvost (p=0,025), Ntoost (p=0,011), Svt (p=0,034), Sαt (p=0,028) and Ac (p=0,001). The comparison between G8 and G7 was significant for Sαt (p=0,047) and for the comparison between G9 and G7, the results were significant for Vtr (p=0,014), Vvt (p=0,000), Vtot (p=0,000), Nvost (p=0,025), Ntoost (p=0,024), Svt (p=0,042), Sαt (p=0,014) and Ac (p=0,023). In conclusion, there was new bone formation in the groups that received doses of 20 and 30 J/cm2 when compared with the respective control groups, but over time, the dose of 30 J/cm2 showed better stereological parameters when compared to 20 J/cm2
7

Laser de CuHBr em tecidos dentais duros

MIYAKAWA, WALTER 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:49:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:02:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 09986.pdf: 6615782 bytes, checksum: dc120ce5e0935317e081d62e879b1cb6 (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
8

Influência de diferentes doses e número de aplicações do laser em baixa intensidade no reparo de defeitos ósseos em calvária de ratas Wistar com modelo experimental para a osteoporose / Influence of different doses and different number sessions of low-level laser irradiation in the repair of bone defects in calvaria of Wistar female rats model of osteoporosis

Priscilla Hakime Scalize 28 November 2014 (has links)
A laserterapia em baixa intensidade (LLLI) é uma nova metodologia com comprovada eficácia na formação e na diminuição da reabsorção óssea, porém ainda não existe uma padronização quanto à sua utilização, sendo, portanto, necessários mais estudos para investigar o efeito de diferentes parâmetros como o comprimento de onda, duração da aplicação e número de sessões. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da LLLI em defeitos ósseos críticos em calvária de ratas Wistar com modelo experimental para osteoporose. A qualidade do tecido ósseo neoformado foi analisada por meio da microscopia de luz, e por meio da estereologia, foram estimados os seguintes parâmetros: volume do tecido de reparação do defeito (Vtr - μm3), densidade de volume das trabéculas (Vvt), volume total das trabéculas ósseas neoformadas (Vtot - μm3), densidade numérica de osteócitos (Nvost - μm-3), número total de osteócitos (Ntoost), volume médio dos osteócitos (Vnost - μm3), densidade de superfície das trabéculas (Svt - μm-1) e superfície de área das trabéculas (Sαt - μm2). A quantidade total de colágeno também foi analisada (Ac - μm2). Foram utilizadas 54 ratas que foram submetidas à ovariectomia bilateral. Após 150 dias, foram realizados defeitos ósseos na calvária. Os animais foram divididos em 9 grupos (n=6) e 24 horas após a confecção do defeito iniciou-se o tratamento com laser de Arseneto Gálio-Alumínio (AsGaAl; 780 nm). Os Grupos 1, 2 e 3 (G1, G2 e G3) receberam a dose ou densidade de energia de 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 e 30 J/cm2 respectivamente, por 3 sessões; os grupos 4, 5 e 6 (G4, G5 e G6) receberam 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 e 30 J/cm2 respectivamente, por 6 sessões e os grupos 7, 8 e 9 (G7, G8 e G9) receberam 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 e 30 J/cm2 respectivamente, por 12 sessões. Comparando os grupos G2 e G1 os resultados estereológicos foram significantes para Vtr (p=0,023), Vvt (p=0,003), Vtot (p=0,04), Ntoost (p=0,048), Svt (p=0,000), Sαt (p=0,001) e Ac (p=0,000). Na comparação de G3 e G1 encontrou-se resultados significantes para Vvt (p=0,002) e Vtot (p=0,02). Na comparação de G5 e G4 os resultados foram significantes para Svt (p=0,041) e Sαt (p=0,043) e na comparação de G6 e G4 os resultados foram significantes para Vtr (p=0,005), Vvt (p=0,000), Vtot (p=0,000), Nvost (p=0,025), Ntoost (p=0,011), Svt (p=0,034), Sαt (p=0,028) e Ac (p=0,001). A comparação de G8 e G7 mostrou que a Sαt foi significante (p=0,047) e na comparação entre G9 e G7 os resultados foram significantes para Vtr (p=0,014), Vvt (p=0,000), Vtot (p=0,000), Nvost (p=0,025), Ntoost (p=0,024), Svt (p=0,042), Sαt (p=0,014) e Ac (p=0,023). Pôde-se concluir que houve neoformação óssea nos grupos que receberam as doses de 20 e 30 J/cm2 quando comparados com os respectivos grupos controles, porém, ao longo do tempo, a dose de 30 J/cm2 mostrou parâmetros estereológicos melhores quando comparada à dose de 20 J/cm2 / Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) is a new methodology with proven clinical benefits in increased formation and decreased resorption of bone, however, the use of LLLI still needs to be clarified and standardized. Therefore, more studies are needed to analyze the effects of different parameters, such as wavelength, duration of application and number of sessions. This study aimed to assess the effects of LLLI on critical bone defects in rat calvaria used as an experimental model of osteoporosis. Light microscopy was used to analyze the quality of newly formed bone tissue and stereology was used to calculate the following parameters: tissue repair volume (Vtr - μm3), volume density of trabecular bone (Vvt), total volume of newly formed trabecular bone (Vtot - μm3), numerical density of osteocytes (Nvost - μm-3), total number of osteocytes (Ntoost), mean volume of osteocytes (Vnost - μm3), surface density of trabecular bone (Svt - μm-1) and area surface of trabecular bone (Sαt - μm2). The total amount of collagen was also examined (Ac - μm2). Fifty-four Wistar rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy. The bone defects were created in calvaria after 150 days. The animals were divided into 9 groups (n=6) and 24 hours after creating the defect, the treatment started with 780nm low intensity gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) laser: Groups 1, 2 and 3 (G1, G2 and G3) received the energy density of 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 and 30 J/cm2 respectively, in 3 sessions; Groups 4, 5 and 6 (G4, G5 and G6) received 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 and 30 J/cm2 respectively, in 6 sessions; Groups 7, 8 and 9 (G7, G8 and G9) received 0 J/cm2, 20 J/cm2 and 30 J/cm2 respectively, in 12 sessions. For the comparison between groups G2 and G1, the results obtained were significant for Vtr (p=0,023), Vvt (p=0,003), Vtot (p=0,04), Ntoost (p=0,048), Svt (p=0,000), Sαt (p=0,001) and Ac (p=0,000). For the comparison between G3 and G1, the results were significant for Vvt (p=0,002) and Vtot (p=0,02). For the comparison between G5 and G4, the results were significant for Svt (p=0,041) and Sαt (p=0,043) and for the comparison between G6 and G4, the results were significant for Vtr (p=0,005), Vvt (p=0,000), Vtot (p=0,000), Nvost (p=0,025), Ntoost (p=0,011), Svt (p=0,034), Sαt (p=0,028) and Ac (p=0,001). The comparison between G8 and G7 was significant for Sαt (p=0,047) and for the comparison between G9 and G7, the results were significant for Vtr (p=0,014), Vvt (p=0,000), Vtot (p=0,000), Nvost (p=0,025), Ntoost (p=0,024), Svt (p=0,042), Sαt (p=0,014) and Ac (p=0,023). In conclusion, there was new bone formation in the groups that received doses of 20 and 30 J/cm2 when compared with the respective control groups, but over time, the dose of 30 J/cm2 showed better stereological parameters when compared to 20 J/cm2
9

Etude des propriétés structurales et magnétiques de nanoparticules de maghémite dispersées dans une matrice de silice / Study of structural and magnetic properties of nanoparticles of maghemite dispersed in a silica matrix

El Mendili, Yassine 11 April 2011 (has links)
Les objectifs de ce travail de thèse concernent l'étude du comportement structurale et magnétique de poudres constituées de nanoparticules de maghémite (γ-Fe2O3) de taille et de morphologie contrôlées (4 ± 1 nm), obtenues par coprécipitation de sels métalliques puis dispersées avec différentes concentrations dans une matrice de silice par voie sol-gel. La première partie de nos travaux a consisté à étudier la stabilité structurale des nanoparticules par irradiation laser puis en fonction de la température de traitement afin de contrôler les transitions de phase maghémite γ-Fe2O3 vers l’hématite α-Fe2O3 et/ou vers la phase Epsilon. La deuxième partie du travail a concerné l'étude des propriétés magnétiques des nanocomposites en fonction de la concentration massique en nanoparticules. L'objectif a été de caractériser la nature des interactions magnétiques entre les nanoparticules. / The objectives of this thesis concern the study of structural and magnetic behavior of powders consisting of nanoparticles of maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) of controlled size and morphology (4 ± 1 nm) obtained by coprecipitation of metal salts and then dispersed with different concentrations in a silica matrix by sol-gel process. The first part of our work was to study the structural stability of the nanoparticles by laser irradiation and depending on the temperature of treatment to control the phase transition to maghemite γ-Fe2O3 into hematite α-Fe2O3 and Epsilon. The second part of the work concerned the study of magnetic properties of nanocomposites based on the mass concentration of nanoparticles. The objective was to characterize the nature of interactions between magnetic nanoparticles.
10

Laser Based Pre-treatment of Secondary Bonded Composite T-joints for Improved Energy Dissipation

Hashem, Mjed H. 06 April 2021 (has links)
This study demonstrates an experimental investigation into the efficacy of a novel surface pre-treatment technique to improve the toughness and energy dissipation of composite CFRP T-joints. This novel technique optimizes CO2 laser irradiations to remove surface contaminations and modify the surface morphology of CFRP T-joint adherents. Pull-off tests were performed on T-joints that experienced peel-ply (PP) treatment and to those that were ablated with 10% (LC) and 30% (LA) laser power respectively. A further developed alternative pattern between LA and LC surface pre-treatment was examined. Two different quasi-isotropic stacking sequences have been studied by having surface fibers aligned in 0° and 45° direction. A series of surface roughness analysis, optical microscopy, SEM, CT scan and pictorial findings have been carried out to characterize the surface morphologies and failure modes prior to and after the failure. The patterning technique promoted non-local damage mechanisms which resulted in large improvements in the toughness and energy dissipation as compared to the other pre-treatment techniques. Up to ~12 times higher energy dissipation compared to peel-ply pre-treated T-joint were achieved with patterned T-joint structures that are stacked with a 0° surface fiber direction.

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