For example for battery diagnosis it is essential to understand mechanisms during discharge and because of aging to optimize cell design and operating conditions. Therefore the overall battery behavior can be modeled by combining models of relevant mechanisms like porosity, charge transfer reaction and diffusion. The aim of this contribution is to define one transmission line model for modeling several of these mechanisms. Thereby a sophisticated normalization strategy allows to eliminate ambiguity and to quantify the influence of each model parameter. The results allow a better understanding of impedance measurements and can for example be used for battery diagnosis and simplified simulations of electrochemical systems. Fitting derived impedance models to measurement data by nonlinear parameter extraction techniques allows to monitor battery parameters during discharge and because of aging. Thereby a sophisticated normalization strategy is essential for unambiguous parameter extraction and useful to quantify the influence of each model parameter.

For example for battery diagnosis it is essential to understand mechanisms during discharge and because of aging to optimize cell design and operating conditions. Therefore the overall battery behavior can be modeled by combining models of relevant mechanisms like porosity, charge transfer reaction and diffusion. The aim of this contribution is to define one transmission line model for modeling several of these mechanisms. Thereby a sophisticated normalization strategy allows to eliminate ambiguity and to quantify the influence of each model parameter. The results allow a better understanding of impedance measurements and can for example be used for battery diagnosis and simplified simulations of electrochemical systems. Fitting derived impedance models to measurement data by nonlinear parameter extraction techniques allows to monitor battery parameters during discharge and because of aging. Thereby a sophisticated normalization strategy is essential for unambiguous parameter extraction and useful to quantify the influence of each model parameter.