本文探討俄羅斯的社會福利改革過程。透過說明俄羅斯社會福利制度改革模式的選擇，解釋影響改革的因素，具體描述了蘇聯解體以來的俄羅斯福利制度改革過程，特別是普丁政府的改革策略。討論主題為俄羅斯的福利制度改革模式為何？影響俄羅斯福利制度改革的因素有哪些？何以普丁政府得以克服阻礙推動福利制度改革？ 本文套用Esping-Andersen的分類法來分析俄羅斯的福利模式，發現俄羅斯福利制度轉型採用自由模式作為改革方法。至於普丁政府何以克服困難進行福利制度改革，本文從經濟、政治和國家治理三個角度分析之，發現國家治理能力的改善是普丁政府得以推動福利改革的重要原因。 / This study aims at exploring the process of social welfare reform in Russia. To fulfill this goal, the author describes the pattern and factors of reform during the Post-Soviet era with a specific focus on the Putin government's policy. The main subjects of the study are the pattern of reform, the factors contributing to reform, and the Putin government’s reform strategy. By applying Esping-Anderson’s classification of welfare reform to Russia, the author finds that the Russian government has taken a liberal approach to reform. The thesis analyzes Putin government's reform policy from three perspectives, economy, politics, and state governance, and concludes that the improvement of state governance plays the main role in advancing Russian social welfare reform.