This research focuses on an advanced optical light pipe daylighting system as a means to deliver natural light at the back of deep-plan office buildings (15ft to 30ft), using optimized geometry and high reflective materials. The light pipe configurations follow a previous study at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Beltr??n et al., 1997). The current system is designed for College Station, TX (lat: 30?? 36??N), with predominantly mostly sunny sky conditions. This work consists of the monitoring of two scale models simulating a portion of a multi-story office building with open-plan configuration, with interior dimensions 30ft x 20ft x 10ft, built at 1:4 of its real scale, one of the models being the reference case and the other the test case where the light pipe system is placed. The main objectives of this thesis are (a) to examine this daylighting system comparative to the reference case, taking measurements for longer periods than the study at LBNL, as well as to collect detailed data of its performance under different weather conditions and with different materials; (b) to evaluate the visual comfort and possible glare problems of the light pipe system through photographic evaluation and the conduction of a survey that provides people??s opinions and suggestions about the daylighting system. The light pipe system demonstrated a higher performance than the reference case in terms of appropriate levels of light and people??s preferences. The illuminance at the workplane level showed to be adequate with any of the two different diffusing materials used to spread the light into the room. The light pipe without a diffuser was the other condition observed to further understand the bounces of the sunbeam inside the reflective chamber and its consequences on the lighting output. Recommended standards for office spaces with VDT screens together with the analysis of the daylight system, led to preliminary suggestions on how to integrate the light pipe system in an open-plan office configuration. Further study is indicated to reach the complete potential of this advanced optical light pipe that ties illuminance quality with energy savings through the integration of daylight and electric light systems.

The task of this thesis is the design and construction of semi-automatic control and measuring station. The station is designed for testing the presence and measurement of the correct position of light guides and seals in the connector. Station contains a tool for testing the blinding of connectors. The design and construction of a semi-automatic control and measuring station is necessary using several types of sensors and sliding linear axes controlled by servo drives. The assignment of the thesis is solved in cooperation with the company Mechatronic Design & Solutions s.r.o. in Brno.

Syfte: Det råder en utbredd bostadsbrist till följd av en ökad befolkningstillväxt och urbanisering i Sveriges städer och kommuner. För att hantera detta har stadsplaneringen förändrats till att förtäta staden och bygga inåt. Detta har resulterat i täta och höga byggnader med försämrade kvaliteter i form av mindre dagsljustillgång och begränsad utblick till det fria. Studier har visat på att dagsljus är av betydande roll för människors hälsa och i samband med detta har en kritik växt fram mot de föråldrade regelverk som behandlar dagsljus och en ny moderniserad standard har tillkommit. Dessutom har nya metoder tagits fram för att optimera energihushållningen och öka dagsljustillgången. Med detta känt är det intressant att utforska hur ett ökat bostadsbestånd kan möjliggöras utan på bekostnad av bostadens kvaliteter som dagsljus. Arbetet syftar till att undersöka vad en implementering av innovativa dagsljussystem kan medföra för svenska bostäder. Metod: Rapporten har inkluderat en dokumentanalys av olika innovativa dagsljussystem och fokusgrupp med yrkesverksamma för att utreda gestaltning av bostäder med avseende på dagsljus. Utifrån detta har en fallstudie utförts för att pröva implementering av innovativa dagsljussystem och vilka konsekvenser som medföljer. Resultat: Genom att kunna styra tillförseln av dagsljus kunde bostadens funktioner disponeras annorlunda. Ett innovativt dagsljussystem i form av en ljustunnel kunde föras in i en svensk byggnad och tillföra dagsljus till de mörka utrymmen i bostaden. Detta i sin tur tillåter en ombyggnad av lokaler som förlorat sitt syfte och funktion. Innovativa dagsljussystem är ett alternativ för att öka dagsljustillgången. För att se fördelarna för ett sådant system ur ett utformningsperspektiv krävs det en omvärdering av de nuvarande dagsljuskraven. En omprövning av kraven anses även kunna förebygga bristande kvaliteter i kommande bebyggelse. Konsekvenser: Det finns brister i dagens regelverk för dagsljus som förhindrar nya utformningsalternativ där bostadens kvaliteter tas tillvara. Byggnader som förlorat sin funktion kan med en ny teknik återfå sitt syfte. En moderniserad tolkning och en ny teknik för dagsljus är därmed ett sätt att uppnå hållbar stadsförtätning. Begränsningar: Studien är avgränsad till att endast behandla ett analysobjekt vilket gör arbetet mindre generaliserbart däremot är majoriteten av förutsättningarna för objektet generella i form av regelverk och bostadens kvaliteter. / Purpose: There is a housing shortage taking place in the municipalities and cities of Sweden due to an increased population and urbanization. To manage this, the urban planning has been altered and transformed into densifying the cities. The result of this strategy is dense and tall buildings with insufficient qualities such as daylighting and view out. Studies have shown that daylight is of importance for the human health, in correlation to this the criticism against the old-fashioned daylight regulations have increased and a new set have been introduced. In addition, new methods have been developed to optimize the energy balance and to increase the daylighting. By acknowledging these factors, it is of great importance to study how an increased housing stock can be made without the expense of the daylighting quality of a dwelling. The report aims to study what an implementation of innovative daylighting systems can carry out for dwellings in Sweden. Method: A secondary data analysis was conducted of innovative daylighting systems. This was made in combination with a focus group which involved professional experienced participants to review the design of dwellings in consideration of daylight. Based on the result of the methods mentioned above a case study was conducted to examine the consequences of an innovative daylighting system. Findings: By controlling the daylight supply, the functions of a dwelling could be situated differently. An IDS in the shape of a light-pipe was a suitable solution for a dwelling made accordingly to Swedish standards and provided daylight to the less illuminated areas of the apartment. With this solution a refurbishment of a complex building was made possible. As for the IDS, it is considered as an option for increasing the daylight supplement. To acknowledge further positive outcomes with the system from a design perspective, a reassessment of the current daylight regulations must be done. A re-evaluation of the regulations is considered to prevent the exploitation insufficient dwellings. Implications: The current daylight regulation is not sufficient. This prevents the opportunity to establish new design concepts which considers the quality of the dwelling. With new technology complex and empty buildings can be re-done and acquire a new purpose. A modernized interpretation and a new technology for daylight is thereby an option for achieving a sustainable urban densification. Limitations: The study is limited to only assess one building which decreases its ability to be commonly accepted. However, the majority of the buildings prerequisites are common as they apply to regulations and qualities of a dwelling.

Concevoir un bâtiment avec des préoccupations de confort et de maitrise de l'énergie est un enjeu primordial. Dans le contexte mondial alarmant, tant sur le plan énergétique que climatique, le secteur du bâtiment est pointé du doigt. En France, l'éclairage fait partie des mauvais élèves comparés aux autres pays européens. Le pays accuse un certain retard dans la qualité de l'éclairage tertiaire ou résidentiel en termes de performance énergétique, confort visuel ou santé au travail. L'organisation de « 2015, Année de la Lumière en France » par l'ONU, l'UNESCO et le CNOP montre qu'un changement tend à s'opérer dans les consciences. L'île de La Réunion, compte tenu de son fort gisement solaire, est une terre de choix pour expérimenter des dispositifs novateurs dans l'apport de lumière naturelle au sein des bâtiments. Pour cela, l'approche physique du phénomène offre des perspectives de prédiction où l'étude théorique d'aujourd’hui fera le bâtiment de demain. En débutant par une approche généraliste, ce manuscrit de thèse se veut être le plus exhaustif possible dans l'étude bibliographique, expérimentale et modélisation du comportement des DGLT-R (Dispositifs de Guides Lumineux Tubulaires Réfléchissants) appliqués au bâtiment. Notre prospection bibliographique nous a révélé que ce procédé est couramment commercialisé et installé à l'échelle internationale sur les bâtiments soucieux de leur impact environnemental ou du bien-être de leurs occupants. Cependant, la littérature montre également qu'ils sont peu étudiés et que les approches ne peuvent être appliquées à tous types de climats. Dans ce cadre, une étude expérimentale à échelle réelle, comprenant de nombreux scénarios, a été menée en vue de créer une base de données de mesures expérimentales unique et comprendre les phénomènes mis en jeu. La modélisation semi-empirique possède à la fois des atouts et des inconvénients. Forte de simplicité, elle reste toutefois limitée à une configuration ou un climat particulier. À cette problématique, ces travaux de recherche offrent une solution : un outil numérique de modélisation dédié, assurant la génération des modèles au départ de mesures à effectuer, nommé HEMERA. Il utilise la puissance des algorithmes génétiques pour offrir une solution efficace à un problème local. Le code de calcul CODYRUN est le support de validation du modèle généré pour le climat de La Réunion. Ce code de calcul bénéficie d'une expérience et d'un développement de plus de 20 ans au sein du laboratoire PIMENT. / Designing a building with comfort and energy conservation concerns is a key issue. In the alarming global context, both on energy-climate that the building sector is singled out. In France, the lighting is among the poor performers compared to other European countries. The country lags behind in quality tertiary or residential lighting in terms of energy performance, visual comfort or health. The organization of "2015, Année de la Lumière en France" by the ONU, UNESCO and the CNOP shows a change which tends to take place in the popular consciousness. Reunion Island, considering its strong solar radiation, is a land of choice to experiment with innovative devices in the contribution of daylight in buildings. For this purpose, the physical approach of the phenomenon provides prediction prospects, where the theoretical study of today will be tomorrow's building. Starting with a generalist approach, this PhD thesis aims to be as comprehensive as possible in the literature review, experimental and modelling study of the TDGS (Tubular Daylight Guide Systems) applied to the building. Our bibliographic survey has revealed that, this process is commonly marketed and installed internationally on the buildings concerned about their environmental impact or well-being of their occupants. However, the literature also shows they are poorly studied, and the approaches cannot be applied to all types of climates. In this context, a full-scale experimental study, including many scenarios was conducted to understand the phenomena involved.The semi-empirical modelling has both strengths and weaknesses. With simplicity, it remains limited to a configuration or a particular climate. In this issue, this research offers a solution: a numeric tool of dedicated modelling environment, ensuring the generation of the models according to need, called HEMERA. It uses the power of genetic algorithms to provide an effective solution to a local problem. The computer code CODYRUN is the support of the validation of the model developed as part of this work, and adjusted specifically for the climate of Reunion Island. This software profits an experience and a development of over 20 years in the PIMENT laboratory.