Mémoire (M.Ress.Renouv.)-- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. / Résumé disponible sur Internet. CaQCU Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Thesis (M. S.)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. / Committee Chair: Muzzy, John; Committee Member: Frederick, Jim; Committee Member: Realff, Matthew. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

Thesis--University of Helsinki, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--University of Helsinki, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A. Sc.)--Centre for Building Studies, Concordia University, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-93). Available also on the Internet.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-09T12:28:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-07-14Bitstream added on 2015-04-09T12:48:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000814872.pdf: 896515 bytes, checksum: 5c48de85a56ece97dc19e0e192d52703 (MD5) / A utilização de opioides produz analgesia, porém esta classe de fármacos possui uso restrito na espécie equina, pois pode desencadear alterações gastrintestinais e excitação em equinos. A utilização de opioides pela via epidural minimiza os efeitos adversos. Assim, oito equinos hígidos pesando 336,3 ± 33,4 kg foram utilizados em três grupos experimentais, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos clínicos, e no trânsito gastrintestinal da injeção epidural de morfina (0,2 mg/kg) ou tramadol (1,0 mg/kg) ou NaCl 0,9%. Foram avaliados os parâmetros clínicos, que compreenderam a frequência cardíaca, frequência respiratória, temperatura retal, motilidade intestinal, altura de cabeça e latência para defecar. Manifestações de desconforto abdominal também foram investigadas após administração do opioide pela via epidural. Para a avaliação do trânsito intestinal foi utilizado o método Lipe®. Submeteram-se os dados à análise estatística entre momentos e entre os grupos, submetendo os dados paramétricos à análise de variância de uma via, com o reteste de Student-Newman-Keuls e os dados não paramétricos ao teste de Friedman ou Kruskal-Wallis seguido pelo teste de Dunn’s, ambos com significância estabelecida em p ≤ 0,05. A frequência cardíaca, frequência respiratória, temperatura retal e altura de cabeça não apresentaram variações significativas. O escore de motilidade total (somatória dos quatro quadrantes) diminuiu em 40% aos 30, 60 e 90 minutos, após a injeção epidural de morfina. A morfina ou tramadol administrados pela via epidural não alteraram o trânsito intestinal. Nenhum quadro de desconforto abdominal foi evidenciado. Diante de tais achados, conclui-se que a morfina reduziu a motilidade intestinal sem alterar o trânsito intestinal de fase líquida enquanto o tramadol não alterou a motilidade ou trânsito intestinal / Opioids provide analgesia, but have restricted use in horses because may lead to ileus and axcitement. Epidural opioids minimize side effects. Eight healthy horses (336.3 ± 33.4 kg) were used in three experimental groups to evaluate clinical, behavioral and gastrointestinal transit after epidural morphine (0.2 mg/kg) or tramadol (mg/kg) or NaCl 0.9%. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, intestinal motility, head height and time to first production of feces were evaluated. Intestinal transit was evaluated with the Lipe® method. The data were analyzed by a one-way analysis of variance or Friedman or Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman Keuls or Dunn’s tests as a post hoc. A value of p≤0.05 was considered significant. Tramadol or morphine produced did not change change in heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, head height and time to first production of feces. Epidural morphine decreased the gastrointestinal sounds score of four quadrants at 30, 60 and 120 minutes. Epidural morphine or tramadol did not change the intestinal transit. Opioid epidural did not cause ileus or colic. It is concluded that morphine reduced intestinal motility without changing the intestinal transit while the tramadol did not change intestinal motility or gastrointestinal transit

Incluir a Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) como ag?ncia financiadora. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-12-20T20:56:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) rodrigo_gomes_oliveira.pdf: 944492 bytes, checksum: 3b83af9fb0686a20d237cd521e8852eb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-01-03T17:09:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) rodrigo_gomes_oliveira.pdf: 944492 bytes, checksum: 3b83af9fb0686a20d237cd521e8852eb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-03T17:09:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) rodrigo_gomes_oliveira.pdf: 944492 bytes, checksum: 3b83af9fb0686a20d237cd521e8852eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / A pecu?ria exerce uma grande import?ncia nas exporta??es brasileiras. ? uma atividade econ?mica desenvolvida em ?reas rurais que consiste na cria??o de gado, caracterizada pela depend?ncia no uso de pastagens devido ao menor custo de produ??o. Com isso ? necess?rio uma grande ?rea de pastagens bem estruturada e com folhas e perfilhos de boa qualidade para suprir as exig?ncias do rebanho, tendo com isso uma boa lucratividade. Atualmente, uma das esp?cies forrageira que se encontra amplamente difundida no pa?s, ? a Urochloa brizantha (Syn. Brachiaria brizantha). Tal ocorr?ncia ? devida essa gram?nea, ter boa adapta??o a solos menos f?rteis, de textura arenosa e tolerar altas satura??es de alum?nio. Por?m, nas ?reas utilizadas para cultivo destas pastagens muitas se encontram com algum grau de degrada??o devido ? falta de manuten??o, em especial a falta de aduba??o e irriga??o. Propor tecnologias que auxiliem no desempenho dessas pastagens e proporcionem sua recupera??o torne-se essencial. Entre alternativas para diminuir a severidade desses problemas, o uso da irriga??o nos per?odos de veranicos pode ser uma t?cnica a ser usada, por?m existem regi?es no pa?s que a ?gua ? escassa e com isso essa t?cnica ? inv?lida. Outra op??o ? o uso de fertilizantes, por?m ? uma atividade de alto custo, com isso produtores procuram fertilizantes cada vez mais eficazes. O uso de fertilizantes organominerais vem se destacando, devido conter uma parte org?nica na sua formula??o e esta por sua vez, faz com que a libera??o dos nutrientes seja de forma mais lenta, promovendo menores perdas, al?m de auxiliar na reten??o de ?gua no solo. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / Livestock farming is of great importance in brazilian exports. It is an economic activity developed in rural areas that consists of the cattle raising, characterized by the dependence on the use of pastures due to the lower cost of production. This requires a large, well-structured pasture area with good quality leaves and tillers to meet the requirements of the herd, thus making a good profitability. Currently, one of the forage species that is widely distributed in the country, is Urochloa brizantha (Syn. Brachiaria brizantha). Such occurrence is due to this grass, to have good adaptation to less fertile soils, of sandy texture and to tolerate high saturations of aluminum. However, in the areas used for cultivation of these pastures many are found to have some degree of degradation due to lack of maintenance, especially the lack of fertilization and irrigation. Proposing technologies that aid in the performance of these pastures and make their recovery become essential. Among alternatives to reduce the severity of these problems, the use of irrigation in summer periods may be a technique to be used, however there are regions in the country that water is scarce and thus this technique is invalid. Another option is the use of fertilizers, but it is a high-cost activity, with producers seeking more and more effective fertilizers. The use of organomineral fertilizers has been highlighted, due to the fact that it contains an organic part in its formulation and this, in turn, causes the release of nutrients to be slower, promoting lower losses, besides helping to retain water in the soil.

Orientador: Durvalina Maria Mathias dos Santos / Banca: Carlos Alberto Martinez Huaman / Banca: Rogério Falleiros Carvalho / Resumo: Muitos estudos apontam que o ácido salicílico (AS) está envolvido na adaptação de plantas a estresses abióticos. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre a ação deste hormônio na síntese de importantes metabólitos secundários em condições de estresse, como a lignina. Para tanto, foram estudados neste trabalho os efeitos de AS exógeno no crescimento, lignificação, metabolismo antioxidativo, acúmulo de osmólitos compatíveis e acúmulo de Na+ e macronutrientes em folhas de milho sob concentrações crescentes de NaCl. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x4, representado pelas concentrações de AS (0,0 e 0,5 mM) e concentrações de NaCl (0, 50, 100 e 150 mM). As plantas foram submetidas aos tratamentos no estádio fenológico V4 (quatro folhas completamente desenvolvidas), enquanto que as avaliações foram realizadas no estádio V6 (seis folhas completamente desenvolvidas). Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros na parte aérea: área foliar, massa seca, teor de lignina, peroxidação lipídica, teor de peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2), atividade enzimática da superóxido dismutase (SOD) e catalase (CAT), teor de prolina (Pro) e glicina betaína, relação Na+/K+ e teor de macronutrientes (N, P, Ca, Mg, S). O estresse salino reduziu o crescimento da parte aérea da planta, além de induzir maior acúmulo de Pro e GB, peroxidação lipídica, atividade da CAT e lignificação foliar. A adição de AS à solução nutritiva atenuou o efeito da salinidade sobre o crescim... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Several studies demonstrate that salicylic acid (AS) is involved in the adaptation responses of plants to abiotic stresses. However, not much is known about the action of this hormone on the synthesis of important secondary metabolites, as lignin. For this purpose, in this work it was assessed the effects of exogenous application of SA on the growth, lignification, antioxidant metabolism, compatible osmolytes content, and concentration of Na+ and in maize leaves under increasingly NaCl concentrations. It was adopted a completely randomized design and a 2x4 factorial layout, representing SA concentrations (0.0 and 0.5 mM) and NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) in hydroponics. Plants were exposed to the treatments at the V4 phenological stage (with four completely developed leaves), and evaluations were performed at V6 stage (six completely developed leaves). The following parameters were assessed on shoots: leaf area, dry weight, lignin content, lipid peroxidation, enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), proline (Pro) and glycinebetaine (GB) contents, Na+ /K+ ratio and macronutrients concentration (N, P, Ca, Mg and S). Salt stress impaired shoot growth, also inducting higher accumulation of Pro and GB, lipid peroxidation, CAT activity, leaf lignification and also lower content of all evaluated nutrients. The application of AS alleviated the deleterious effects of salinity on maize shoot growth until 100 mM of NaCl, what can be related to a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-10-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:57:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alendezrosales_l_me_botfmvz.pdf: 120067 bytes, checksum: 40be83dd86b6c90a20be56af32024c55 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Dois híbridos de milho, BM 2202 e BRS 3003 de grãos semiduros vermelhoalaranjados, ciclo precoce e porte médio/alto, oram usados para avaliar a produtividade e valor nutritivo para silagem em função do espaçamento e da densidade de semeadura. O delineamento experimental usado foi o inteiramente casualizado com tratamento em esquema fatorial de dois híbridos (BM 2202 e BRS 3003) x dois espaçamentos (0,45 e 0,90 m) x três densidades (60.000, 70.000 e 80.000 pl ha-1), com três repetições. As características avaliadas foram: teor de matéria seca, proporção das frações da planta, produtividade de massa seca (t ha-1) e composição bromatológica do caule com relação à fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), hemicelulose, celulose, lignina e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS). A porcentagem de MS da planta inteira do híbrido BM 2202 (49,50%) maior que o híbrido BRS 3003 (44,97%), assim como para espaçamento com 49,03 e 45,44%, para 0,90 e 0,45 m respectivamente e, sem efeitos para densidade. A contribuição do grão foi maior no híbrido BM 2202 (50,20%), já no espaçamento a variável caule teve 24,01% (0,45 m) e 21,21% (0,90 m). O híbrido BRS 3003 apresentou melhor produtividade na planta inteira (t ha-1) tanto como nas suas frações e o aporte das mesmas, de modo geral o híbrido BRS 3003 apresentou menor concentração de fibra e maior DIVMS. A redução do espaçamento de 0,90 para 0,45 m gerou maior produção de massa seca e melhor qualidade nutritiva do milho para silagem com menores concentrações de FDN, FDA, hemicelulose, celulose e lignina do caule, pela menor competição intraespecífica no cultivo com melhor distribuição espacial das plantas. O adensamento não demonstrou ganhos diferenciáveis na produtividade de MS, e nas concentrações de... / Two corn hybrids of semi flint grains red-orange, BM 2202 and BRS 3003 of precocity cycle and medium/height size, were used to evaluate the yield and nutritive value to silage in function of the distance and density of sowing. The experimental design was the randomized complete in factorial model, were used two hybrids (BM 2202 and BRS 3003), two spacing (0.45 and 0.90 m), three densities (60,000; 70,000 and 80,000 plants per ha) with three replications. The characters studied were: dry mater tax, plant fractions proportions, dry matter yield (t ha-1), stalk bromatology components correlated with neutral detergent fiber (NDF), fiber in acid detergent (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin and in vitro digestibility of dry mater (IVDMD). The DM percentage of the whole plant to hybrid BM 2202 (49.50%) was higher compared with BRS 3003 hybrid (44.97%), also to distance with 49,03% (0,90 m) and 45.44% (0.45 m) without density effect. Kernel contribution was higher to BM 2202 hybrid (50.20%) and for the distance the variable stalk percentage had 24.01% (0.45 m) and 21.21% (0.90 m) of contribution. The BRS 3003 hybrid showed better yield in whole plant to DM (t ha-1), including the fractions. In general BRS 3003 hybrid showed low fiber concentration and bigger IVDMD. The reduction of the spacing of 0.90 to 0.45 m generated biggest production of DM and better nutritive value characteristics to silage with low concentrations of NDF, ADF, hemicelulose, cellulose and lignin of stalk due to failure intra-specific competition between plants. The density did not demonstrate differences in the gains of DM and DNF, ADF cellulose and lignin concentrations, being smaller to density with 60,000 pl ha-1. We concluded that the low spacing (0.45 m) and densities 60,000 and 70,000 pl ha-1, proportionate forage with better nutritive value to maize silage.

Thesis (M.Tech-Chemical Engineering)--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2001 / The white-rot fungus (WRF), Phanerochaete chrysosporium, is a well known microorganism which produces ligninolytic enzymes. These enzymes can play a major role in the bioremediation of a diverse range of environmental aromatic pollutants present in industrial effluents. Bioremediation of aromatic pollutants using ligninolytic enzymes has been extensively researched by academic, industrial and government institutions, and has been shown to have considerable potential for industrial applications. Previously the production of these enzymes was done using batch cultures. However, this resulted in low yields of enzyme production and therefore an alternative method had to be developed. Little success on scale-up and industrialisation of conventional bioreactor systems has been attained due to problems associated with the continuous production of the pollutant degrading enzymes. It was proposed to construct an effective capillary membrane bioreactor, which would provide an ideal growing environment to continuously culture an immobilised biofilm of P; chrysosporium (Strain BKMF-1767) for the continuous production of the ligninolytic enzymes, Lignin(LiP) and Manganese(MnP) Peroridase. A novel membrane gradostat reactor (MGR) was shown to be superior to more conventional systems of laboratory scale enzyme production (Leukes et.al., 1996 and Leukes, 1999). This concept was based on simulating the native state ofthe WRF, which has evolved on a wood-air interface and involved irnmobilisng the fungus onto an externally skinless ultrafiltration membrane. The MGR however, was not subjected to optimisation on a laboratory scale. The gradostat reactor and concept was used in this work and was operated in the deadend filtration mode. The viability of the polysulphone membrane for cultivation of the fungus was investigated. The suitability of the membrane bioreactor for enzyme production was evaluated. The effect of microbial growth on membrane pressure and permeability was monitored. A possible procedure for scaling up from a single fibre membrane bioreactor to a multi-capillary system was evaluated. Results indicated that the polysulphone membrane was ideal for the cultivation of P chrysosporium, as the micro-organism was successfully immobi1ised in the macrovoids of the membrane resulting in uniform biofilm growth along the outside of the membrane. The production of Lignin and Manganese Peroxidase was demonstrated. The enzyme was secreted and then transported into the permeate without a rapid decline in activity. Growth within the relatively confined macrovoids of the membrane contributed to the loss of membrane permeability. A modified Bruining Model was successfully applied in the prediction of pressure and permeability along the membrane The study also evaluated the effect of potential1y important parameters on the production of the enzymes within the membrane bioreactor. These parameters include air flow (Ch concentration), temperature, nutrient flow, relative redox potential and nutrient concentrations A sensitivity analyses was performed on temperature and Ch concentration. The bioreactor was exposed to normal room temperature and a controlled temperature at 37°C. The reactors were then exposed to different O2 concentration between 21% and 99"10. It was found that the optimum temperature fur enzymes production is 3TJC. When oxygen was used instead of air, there was an increase in enzyme activity. From the results obtained, it was clear that unique culture conditions are required for the production of LiP and MnP from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. These culture conditions are essential fur the optimisation and stability of the bioreactor.