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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Identificação e caracterização de mutações germinativas no gene VHL em famílias com a doença de von Hippel-Lindau / Identification and characterization of germline mutations in the VHL gene in families with von Hippel-Lindau disease

Gomy, Israel 02 July 2008 (has links)
A doença de von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) é uma síndrome de câncer familial herdada de forma autossômica dominante que predispõe ao desenvolvimento de diversos tipos de neoplasias benignas e malignas. É causada por mutações germinativas e somáticas no gene VHL e tem uma incidência aproximada de um a cada 36.000 nascimentos. O gene VHL é um supressor tumoral e codifica a proteína VHL, a qual possui, entre outras funções, uma atividade ubiquitina-ligase, responsável pela poliubiquitinização e degradação proteassômica da subunidade alfa do fator induzido por hipóxia (HIF) na presença de oxigênio. As principais características da doença de VHL são: hemangioblastomas de sistema nervoso central (SNC), principalmente do cerebelo e medula espinhal; angiomas de retina e carcinoma renal de células claras. A probabilidade de desenvolver cada um desses tumores ao longo da vida é estimada em maior que 70%, podendo manifestar-se desde a infância até a fase adulta, principalmente entre a 2ª e 3ª décadas de vida. Classifica-se a doença de VHL conforme a ausência (tipo 1) ou presença de feocromocitoma (tipo 2). A doença do tipo 2 é causada, essencialmente, por mutações missense no gene VHL. As mutações podem ser grandes deleções (20%) ou pontuais (80%) do tipo missense, frameshift, nonsense ou em regiões de splicing. O teste genético é considerado padrão para o manejo clínico dos pacientes e dos familiares em risco, pois permite o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoce das neoplasias, melhorando assim a expectativa de vida. Técnicas de biologia molecular, como o seqüenciamento direto do DNA e o Southern blotting quantitativo, permitem a detecção de mutações germinativas em até 100% dos casos. Técnicas mais recentes, como o PCR quantitativo em tempo real e o MLPA, têm sido empregadas para uma detecção mais eficaz de grandes deleções no gene VHL. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: (1) diagnosticar os pacientes com suspeita da doença de VHL; (2) identificar e caracterizar mutações germinativas pontuais no gene VHL nos pacientes e em seus parentes de 1º grau; (3) fornecer o aconselhamento genético pré e pós-teste. Dos 37 indivíduos com suspeita da doença de VHL, 14 pacientes de sete famílias diferentes preencheram os critérios diagnósticos. Um paciente apresentou hemangioblastoma cerebelar isolado e sete parentes de 1º grau estavam assintomáticos. Foram realizadas as técnicas de PCR, RFLP e seqüenciamento direto do DNA genômico e após clonagem. Foram identificadas quatro mutações pontuais na região codificadora do gene VHL em quatro famílias diferentes, sendo que duas delas haviam sido descritas na literatura [c.226_228delTTC (F76del), c.217C>T (Q73X)]. As outras duas mutações são descritas pela primeira vez neste estudo e afetam o sitio de splicing (IVS1-1 G>A, IVS2-1 G>C). É provável que as demais três famílias sejam portadoras de deleções germinativas no gene VHL. Em resumo, os resultados apresentados neste estudo ampliam o conhecimento da base molecular da doença de VHL e consiste na primeira pesquisa de pós-graduação produzida pelo ambulatório de aconselhamento genético do câncer do HCFMRP-USP. / Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer syndrome that predisposes to the development of a variety of benign and malignant tumors. VHL is caused by germline and somatic mutations in the VHL gene and it has an incidence of approximately one in 36,000 livebirths. The VHL gene is a tumor suppressor that is translated into the VHL protein, which has many functions, mainly an ubiquitin-ligase activity, responsible for the polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of the alpha subunit of the hipoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in the presence of oxygen. The main clinical features of VHL are: CNS hemangioblastomas, especially of the cerebellum and spinal cord; retinal angiomas and clear-cell renal carcinomas. The lifetime probability of developing one of these tumors is estimated at more than 70%, whichever may present since childhood until adulthood, more often during the 2nd and 3rd decades. VHL is classified into type 1 (without pheochromocytoma) and type 2 (with pheochromocytoma), the latter being mainly caused by missense mutations. VHL germline mutations may be rearrangements and large deletions (~20%) or point mutations (~80%), such as missense, frameshift, nonsense or in the splicing sites. VHL gene testing is considered standard for the clinical manegement of patients and relatives at risk, whereby it provides early diagnosis and treatment of tumors, improving their life expectancies. Molecular biology techniques such as sequencing and quantitative Southern blotting may detect virtually 100% of VHL germline mutations. More recent methods, such as quantitative real-time PCR and MLPA, have been shown to detect VHL gene gross deletions efficiently. The objectives of this study were: (1) to diagnose patients with VHL clinically; (2) to detect germline point mutations in the VHL gene in the patients and their close relatives at risk; (3) to provide pre and post-testing genetic counseling. Fourteen out of 37 patients from seven unrelated families fulfilled the VHL clinical diagnostic criteria, one patient presented a single cerebellar hemangioblastoma and seven at-risk relatives were still asymptomatic. The methods included: PCR, RFLP, genomic DNA direct sequencing and after cloning. Four germline point mutations in the coding region of the VHL gene were identified, two of whom had been described in literature [c.226_228delTTC (p.F76del), c.217C>T (p.Q73X)]. The other two mutations had not been described so far and affect the splicing sites (IVS1-1 G>A, IVS2-1 G>C). The other three families may carry gross germline deletions in the VHL gene. In conclusion, the outcome presented in this study provides with a greater knowledge of molecular basis of VHL disease and relies on the first post-graduation research carried out at the HCFMRP-USP cancer genetic counseling service.
12

Identificação e caracterização de mutações germinativas no gene VHL em famílias com a doença de von Hippel-Lindau / Identification and characterization of germline mutations in the VHL gene in families with von Hippel-Lindau disease

Israel Gomy 02 July 2008 (has links)
A doença de von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) é uma síndrome de câncer familial herdada de forma autossômica dominante que predispõe ao desenvolvimento de diversos tipos de neoplasias benignas e malignas. É causada por mutações germinativas e somáticas no gene VHL e tem uma incidência aproximada de um a cada 36.000 nascimentos. O gene VHL é um supressor tumoral e codifica a proteína VHL, a qual possui, entre outras funções, uma atividade ubiquitina-ligase, responsável pela poliubiquitinização e degradação proteassômica da subunidade alfa do fator induzido por hipóxia (HIF) na presença de oxigênio. As principais características da doença de VHL são: hemangioblastomas de sistema nervoso central (SNC), principalmente do cerebelo e medula espinhal; angiomas de retina e carcinoma renal de células claras. A probabilidade de desenvolver cada um desses tumores ao longo da vida é estimada em maior que 70%, podendo manifestar-se desde a infância até a fase adulta, principalmente entre a 2ª e 3ª décadas de vida. Classifica-se a doença de VHL conforme a ausência (tipo 1) ou presença de feocromocitoma (tipo 2). A doença do tipo 2 é causada, essencialmente, por mutações missense no gene VHL. As mutações podem ser grandes deleções (20%) ou pontuais (80%) do tipo missense, frameshift, nonsense ou em regiões de splicing. O teste genético é considerado padrão para o manejo clínico dos pacientes e dos familiares em risco, pois permite o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoce das neoplasias, melhorando assim a expectativa de vida. Técnicas de biologia molecular, como o seqüenciamento direto do DNA e o Southern blotting quantitativo, permitem a detecção de mutações germinativas em até 100% dos casos. Técnicas mais recentes, como o PCR quantitativo em tempo real e o MLPA, têm sido empregadas para uma detecção mais eficaz de grandes deleções no gene VHL. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: (1) diagnosticar os pacientes com suspeita da doença de VHL; (2) identificar e caracterizar mutações germinativas pontuais no gene VHL nos pacientes e em seus parentes de 1º grau; (3) fornecer o aconselhamento genético pré e pós-teste. Dos 37 indivíduos com suspeita da doença de VHL, 14 pacientes de sete famílias diferentes preencheram os critérios diagnósticos. Um paciente apresentou hemangioblastoma cerebelar isolado e sete parentes de 1º grau estavam assintomáticos. Foram realizadas as técnicas de PCR, RFLP e seqüenciamento direto do DNA genômico e após clonagem. Foram identificadas quatro mutações pontuais na região codificadora do gene VHL em quatro famílias diferentes, sendo que duas delas haviam sido descritas na literatura [c.226_228delTTC (F76del), c.217C>T (Q73X)]. As outras duas mutações são descritas pela primeira vez neste estudo e afetam o sitio de splicing (IVS1-1 G>A, IVS2-1 G>C). É provável que as demais três famílias sejam portadoras de deleções germinativas no gene VHL. Em resumo, os resultados apresentados neste estudo ampliam o conhecimento da base molecular da doença de VHL e consiste na primeira pesquisa de pós-graduação produzida pelo ambulatório de aconselhamento genético do câncer do HCFMRP-USP. / Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer syndrome that predisposes to the development of a variety of benign and malignant tumors. VHL is caused by germline and somatic mutations in the VHL gene and it has an incidence of approximately one in 36,000 livebirths. The VHL gene is a tumor suppressor that is translated into the VHL protein, which has many functions, mainly an ubiquitin-ligase activity, responsible for the polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of the alpha subunit of the hipoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in the presence of oxygen. The main clinical features of VHL are: CNS hemangioblastomas, especially of the cerebellum and spinal cord; retinal angiomas and clear-cell renal carcinomas. The lifetime probability of developing one of these tumors is estimated at more than 70%, whichever may present since childhood until adulthood, more often during the 2nd and 3rd decades. VHL is classified into type 1 (without pheochromocytoma) and type 2 (with pheochromocytoma), the latter being mainly caused by missense mutations. VHL germline mutations may be rearrangements and large deletions (~20%) or point mutations (~80%), such as missense, frameshift, nonsense or in the splicing sites. VHL gene testing is considered standard for the clinical manegement of patients and relatives at risk, whereby it provides early diagnosis and treatment of tumors, improving their life expectancies. Molecular biology techniques such as sequencing and quantitative Southern blotting may detect virtually 100% of VHL germline mutations. More recent methods, such as quantitative real-time PCR and MLPA, have been shown to detect VHL gene gross deletions efficiently. The objectives of this study were: (1) to diagnose patients with VHL clinically; (2) to detect germline point mutations in the VHL gene in the patients and their close relatives at risk; (3) to provide pre and post-testing genetic counseling. Fourteen out of 37 patients from seven unrelated families fulfilled the VHL clinical diagnostic criteria, one patient presented a single cerebellar hemangioblastoma and seven at-risk relatives were still asymptomatic. The methods included: PCR, RFLP, genomic DNA direct sequencing and after cloning. Four germline point mutations in the coding region of the VHL gene were identified, two of whom had been described in literature [c.226_228delTTC (p.F76del), c.217C>T (p.Q73X)]. The other two mutations had not been described so far and affect the splicing sites (IVS1-1 G>A, IVS2-1 G>C). The other three families may carry gross germline deletions in the VHL gene. In conclusion, the outcome presented in this study provides with a greater knowledge of molecular basis of VHL disease and relies on the first post-graduation research carried out at the HCFMRP-USP cancer genetic counseling service.
13

CARACTERIZAÇÃO MOLECULAR DO GENE VHL ASSOCIADO À SÍNDROME VON HIPPEL LINDAU EM UMA FAMÍLIA AFRODESCENDENTE COM HEMANGIOBLASTOMA DE SISTEMA NERVOSO CENTRAL NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO / MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE VHL GENE ASSOCIATED WITH SYNDROME VON HIPPEL-LINDAU IN A AFRODESCENDANT FAMILY WITH HEMANGIOBLASTOMA OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN THE STATE OF MARANHÃO

Azevedo, Patrícia Ribeiro 24 June 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-16T18:18:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese PATRICIA RIBEIRO AZEVEDO.pdf: 3836248 bytes, checksum: 69781a9e30881bb327b2148598b3fe8e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-24 / FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO / The von Hippel Lindau syndrome (VHL) is an autosomal dominant disorder with an incidence of 1:36.000 to 1:53.000 individuals, characterized by multiple tumors, affecting individuals of twenty and forty years, with life expectancy of 60 years. The objective of this study was to characterize the molecular changes in the VHL gene associated with von Hippel Lindau syndrome in a family of African descent with hemangioblastoma of the central nervous system in the state of Maranhão. For investigation of the family history, all family members were interviewed, and performed molecular analysis of seven patients with clinical diagnosis of VHL and 89 family members at risk. For DNA extraction was used peripheral blood. The technique used was the amplification of multiplex ligation probes dependent binding (MLPA). After PCR- MLPA, was performed sequencing and the software GeneMaker was used for screening of mutations. The research followed the ethical precepts. We investigated the family history of the eight individuals of African descent carriers hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system. In addition to this injury, these individuals had retinal hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cyst and bilateral kidney tumor. The average age of first presentation of the lesion was 29 years, not having occurred predominantly in relation to gender. In the screening protocol was not evidenced pheochromocytoma. No injuries were surveyed in the reproductive system because of the absence of symptoms. The molecular test detected the deletion c.1-? _340 +? in all symptomatic individuals and 14 family members. The MLPA, technique has proven to be fast and reliable for diagnosis of large deletions. A positive family history, the absence of pheochromocytoma and detection of genomic deletion of exon 1, allowed the clinical diagnosis and molecular VHL syndrome and classification as type 1. In this study it was possible to evaluate, in addition to the proband, other family members. This approach decreases the morbidity of the disease and provides a better quality of life for families. / A síndrome de von Hippel Lindau (VHL) é uma doença autossômica dominante, com incidência de 1:36.000 a 1:53.000 indivíduos, caracterizada por múltiplos tumores, acometendo os indivíduos entre vinte e quarenta anos, sendo a expectativa de vida de 60 anos O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a base molecular do gene VHL associado à Síndrome von Hippel Lindau em uma família com hemangioblastoma de sistema nervoso central no Estado do Maranhão. Para investigação da história familiar, foram entrevistados todos os familiares, sendo realizada análise molecular de sete indivíduos com diagnóstico clínico de VHL e 89 familiares em risco. Para extração de DNA foi utilizado sangue periférico. A técnica utilizada foi a amplificação de múltiplas sondas dependente de ligação (MLPA). Após a PCR-MLPA foi realizado sequenciamento e utilizado o programa GeneMaker para a triagem de mutações. A pesquisa obedeceu aos preceitos éticos. Foi investigada a história familiar dos oito indivíduos afrodescendentes portadores de hemangioblastomas de sistema nervoso central. Além dessa lesão, um indivíduo apresentou hemangioblastoma de retina, um apresentou cisto no pâncreas e outro apresentou massa tumoral bilateral no rim. A média de idade da primeira apresentação da lesão foi de 29 anos, não tendo ocorrido predominância em relação ao sexo. No protocolo de rastreamento não foi evidenciado feocromocitoma. Não foram pesquisadas lesões no sistema reprodutor devido ausência de sintomatologia. No teste molecular foi detectada a deleção c.1-?_340+? em sete indivíduos sintomáticos e em 14 familiares. A técnica MLPA demonstrou ser rápida e segura para diagnóstico de grandes deleções. A história familiar positiva, ausência de feocromocitoma e a detecção da deleção genômica do exon 1, permitiu o diagnóstico clínico e molecular da síndrome VHL e a classificação como tipo 1. Neste estudo foi possível avaliar, além do probando, os outros familiares. Essa conduta poderá diminuir a morbimortalidade da doença e proporciona uma melhor qualidade de vida aos familiares.
14

Investigating the role of the von Hippel Lindau protein in tumor suppression through regulation of extracellular matrix assembly

Kurban, Ghada. January 2007 (has links)
No description available.
15

A Novel Role for Tid1 in HIF2α Regulation

Burnett, David 11 January 2010 (has links)
Activity of the hypoxia inducible HIF-alpha transcription factors drive the hypoxic response, resulting in enhancement of angiogenesis, tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. Seeking to uncover a role for Tid1 in control of HIF2-alpha, we used lentiviral shRNA to knock-down Tid1 in 786-0 RCC cells with and without pVHL. In 786-0 cells stably expressing pVHL30, Tid1 knock-down resulted in a dramatic reduction in HIF2-alpha levels relative to controls. Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of Tid1S rescued this decline in HIF2-alpha levels, while overexpression of Tid1L enhanced this decline. A protective role of Tid1S for HIF2-alpha was reproduced in a HEK293 cell model. Immunoprecipitations in HEK293 cells revealed a lack of direct binding between HIF2-alpha and Tid1 in vivo, while adenoviral-mediated overexpression of Tid1 in this model failed to alter in vitro binding between HIF2-alpha and pVHL30. We present a model in which Tid1 regulates HIF2-alpha stability through regulation of pVHL30 nuclear import.
16

Role of GAL3ST1 in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Greer, Samantha Nicole 20 November 2012 (has links)
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor gene, the protein product of which mediates degradation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). GAL3ST1 is a sulfotransferase which catalyzes the production of sulfatide, a plasma membrane sulfolipid previously implicated in metastasis. We observed GAL3ST1 overexpression in primary ccRCC tumours relative to matched-normal tissue and subsequently asked if GAL3ST1 was a HIF-responsive gene that facilitates ccRCC metastasis. GAL3ST1 expression was suppressed in ccRCC cells by stable reconstitution of wild-type VHL and also siRNA-mediated knockdown of HIF1alpha and HIF2alpha. Dual luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed a hypoxia-response element in the GAL3ST1 5’-UTR that appeared to be crucial for HIF-mediated upregulation. Finally, stable knockdown of GAL3ST1 significantly impeded ccRCC cell invasion through an in vitro basement membrane mimic. These results suggest GAL3ST1 is a HIF-responsive gene that promotes tumour cell invasion.
17

Role of GAL3ST1 in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Greer, Samantha Nicole 20 November 2012 (has links)
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor gene, the protein product of which mediates degradation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). GAL3ST1 is a sulfotransferase which catalyzes the production of sulfatide, a plasma membrane sulfolipid previously implicated in metastasis. We observed GAL3ST1 overexpression in primary ccRCC tumours relative to matched-normal tissue and subsequently asked if GAL3ST1 was a HIF-responsive gene that facilitates ccRCC metastasis. GAL3ST1 expression was suppressed in ccRCC cells by stable reconstitution of wild-type VHL and also siRNA-mediated knockdown of HIF1alpha and HIF2alpha. Dual luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed a hypoxia-response element in the GAL3ST1 5’-UTR that appeared to be crucial for HIF-mediated upregulation. Finally, stable knockdown of GAL3ST1 significantly impeded ccRCC cell invasion through an in vitro basement membrane mimic. These results suggest GAL3ST1 is a HIF-responsive gene that promotes tumour cell invasion.
18

A Novel Role for Tid1 in HIF2α Regulation

Burnett, David 11 January 2010 (has links)
Activity of the hypoxia inducible HIF-alpha transcription factors drive the hypoxic response, resulting in enhancement of angiogenesis, tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. Seeking to uncover a role for Tid1 in control of HIF2-alpha, we used lentiviral shRNA to knock-down Tid1 in 786-0 RCC cells with and without pVHL. In 786-0 cells stably expressing pVHL30, Tid1 knock-down resulted in a dramatic reduction in HIF2-alpha levels relative to controls. Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of Tid1S rescued this decline in HIF2-alpha levels, while overexpression of Tid1L enhanced this decline. A protective role of Tid1S for HIF2-alpha was reproduced in a HEK293 cell model. Immunoprecipitations in HEK293 cells revealed a lack of direct binding between HIF2-alpha and Tid1 in vivo, while adenoviral-mediated overexpression of Tid1 in this model failed to alter in vitro binding between HIF2-alpha and pVHL30. We present a model in which Tid1 regulates HIF2-alpha stability through regulation of pVHL30 nuclear import.
19

Reichsstädte in Kriegszeiten : Untersuchungen zur Verfassungs-, Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte von Isny, Lindau, Memmingen und Ravensburg im 17. Jahrhundert /

Wolf, Thomas, January 1991 (has links)
Diss.--München--Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 1990.
20

Der Hiob-Traktat des Marquard von Lindau : Űberlieferung, Untersuchung und kritische Textausgabe /

Greifenstein, Eckart. Marquard von Lindau. January 1979 (has links)
Diss.--Literaturwissenschaft--München, 1973. / Bibliogr. p. 235-242. Index.

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