This thesis examines the day to day practices that constituted Anne Lister’s (1791–1840) sexuality and sociability within the range of her writings, as well as her society. Anne’s writings were a detailed account, spanning her lifetime, of her own love and relationships with the ‘fairer sex’ (Whitbread 1988, 145). Anne’s sociality, seen in her correspondence and plain handwritten journal entries, has been explored by Muriel Green in Miss Lister of Shibden Hall and Jill Liddington in Female Fortune and Nature’s Domain (Green 1992; Liddington 1998; 2003). As a gentlewoman of adequate means, Anne has garnered some attention from women’s historians interested in her agency within an early nineteenth century social and historical context. Anne’s sexual identity has been extensively analysed over the past nearly twenty years by lesbian feminists, queer theorists, women’s historians and historians of sexuality concerned with the history and development of modern Western female homosexuality and gender. The source for theorising Anne’s sexuality has been the edited selections of the crypted journal entries, published by Helena Whitbread in I Know My Own Heart and No Priest but Love (Whitbread 1988; 1992). However, many analyses deal either with the theorisation of Anne’s sexuality or her sociality; the theoretical difficulty with reconciling these categories has troubled the analysis of her complex subjectivity. Drawing upon the archival materials, I have used an interdisciplinary feminist approach to analyse the sexual and social processes of Anne’s everyday interactions in her writings. Taking the seven month period of the sojourn to Paris in 1824–25, I have focused upon Anne’s textual practices within her journal volume and letters during her residence in Paris, her social practices with the other guests at the guesthouse 24 Place Vendôme and her sexual practices with her lover, the widow Mrs. Maria Barlow. The journal volumes and correspondence are a valuable historical record of one gentlewoman’s engagement with early nineteenth century British culture.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2007. / Thesis submitted to the Division of Arts. Includes bibliographical references (p. 309-318).

Thesis--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 138-146).

Submitted by Samira Prince (prince@ufpa.br) on 2012-11-19T14:58:24Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_AvaliacaoNeuropatologicaLesao.pdf: 1797804 bytes, checksum: 6eb30f7e8dd12dcc8685e4445a1e9195 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rosa Silva(arosa@ufpa.br) on 2012-11-19T18:13:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_AvaliacaoNeuropatologicaLesao.pdf: 1797804 bytes, checksum: 6eb30f7e8dd12dcc8685e4445a1e9195 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-11-19T18:13:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_AvaliacaoNeuropatologicaLesao.pdf: 1797804 bytes, checksum: 6eb30f7e8dd12dcc8685e4445a1e9195 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / A resposta inflamatória pode exacerbar o processo lesivo após desordens neurais agudas. O dimorfismo sexual gerado pelas diferentes presenças hormonais existentes entre macho e fêmea têm demonstrado habilidades neuroprotetoras endógenas opostas, apresentando uma melhor preservação da integridade do tecido nervoso na fêmea, putativamente, devido à presença dos hormônios ginógenos. Não existem investigações comparando como essa diferença pode afetar a resposta inflamatória durante o AVE. No presente estudo, investigaram-se as diferenças nos processos inflamatórios agudos do dimorfismo sexual de ratos adultos, de ambos os sexos, submetidos à lesão isquêmica aguda induzida por Endotelina (ET1) no corpo estriado. Seis grupos experimentais foram delineados: Animais machos de 24 horas de sobrevida (n= 8); machos de 72 horas de sobrevida de (n=8); machos de 7 dias de sobrevida (n=8); e fêmeas de 24 horas de sobrevida (n= 8); fêmeas de 72 horas de sobrevida de(n=8); fêmeas de 7 dias de sobrevida. A análise histopatológica geral foi realizada em secções coradas pela violeta de cresila. Macrófagos, astrócitos e neurônios foram identificados por imuno-histoquímica com anticorpos específicos para estas células inflamatórias (ED1, anti-GFAP e Anti-NeuN, respectivamente). Realizou-se contagem de micróglia/macrófagos ativados e corpos neuronais nos grupos experimentais mencionados. Não se notou diferença quantitativa entre os diferentes sexos, contudo houve uma aparente queda na quantidade de macrófagos/micróglia em 3 dias, tanto para os machos quanto para as fêmeas, apresentando alguma diferença na ativação astrocitária mais forte em machos. Os resultados sugerem que as diferenças sexuais na linhagem Lister Hooded, não são suficientes para causar diferenças significativas na preservação do tecido nervoso e em alguns aspectos da resposta inflamatória após a indução de isquemia cerebral por meio de ET1. / The inflammatory response may exacerbate the process harmful after acute neural disorders. Sexual dimorphism generated by different hormonal attendance between male and female have demonstrated neuroprotective abilities endogenous opposite, showing a better preservation of the integrity of the nervous tissue in female, putatively due to the presence of gynoid hormones. However, there is no research work comparing how this difference might affect the inflammatory response during stroke. In the present study, we investigated the differences in acute inflammatory processes of sexual dimorphism in adult rats of both sexes subjected to acute ischemic injury induced by endothelin (ET1) in the striatum. Six experimental groups were designed: male animals survival 24 hours (n = 8); male survival of 72 hours (n = 8); male survival of 7 days (n = 8) and female 24 hours survival (n = 8), females 72 hours of survival (n = 8); female seven days of survival. Histopathologic analysis was performed in the general sections stained with violet cresila. Macrophages, astrocytes, and neurons were identified by immunohistochemistry with antibodies specific for these inflammatory cells (ED1, anti-GFAP and Anti-NeuN, respectively). We conducted counts activated microglia / macrophages and neuron bodies mentioned in the experimental groups. No difference was observed quantitatively between different sexes, but there was an apparent decrease in the amount of macrophages / microglia at 3 days but in males and in females, presenting apparently some difference in the activation of astrocytes was stronger in males. The results suggest that sex differences, at least in lineage Lister hooded is not enough to cause significant differences in the preservation of nerve tissue and in some aspects of the inflammatory response after induction of cerebral ischemia by ET1.

The genotoxicological effects of five intra-peritoneal administered oestrogens (17β- oestradiol, daidzein, diethylstilboestrol, genistein, and equol), were examined. Male hooded- Lister rats were used to examine to what extent DNA damage occurred. The alkaline Comet assay was the chosen method used to assess double-strand DNA breakage by examining the Olive tail moment and %age tail DNA. Tissues from the testis, bone marrow, liver and blood were analysed after an 8-day duration of exposure. Statistically significant increases in DNA damage were observed in the testis with daidzein and in the blood with diethylstilboestrol. In addition, a further study was carried out to examine the effects of bulk and nanotised forms of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin and ibuprofen, in the Comet and micronucleus assays, on whole blood taken from prostate cancer patients or volunteers. These were used because it is known that the sensitivity of DNA to genotoxins can be heightened in patients with cancer. Patients’ and volunteers’ blood was cultured with either the bulk or nano-forms for 44 hours at 37°C, 5% CO2. Data were obtained for the Comet assay as above and the number of binucleated cells scored for the micronucelus assay. The results show the nanotised forms of the NSAIDs decreased the levels of strand breakage and lowered the numbers of micronuclei generated compared with their bulk forms. There was no clear difference between the sensitivity of the healthy controls and the prostate cancer patients, with only one individual showing evidence of heightened sensitivity.

Mastering the physical aspect of piano technique has long been a topic of great interest and importance to pianists. This is borne out in the numerous pedagogical approaches on the topic of piano technique. Despite the many contributions from pedagogues and scholars in developing an understanding of piano technique, many conflicting approaches often cause more confusion than clarity. After reviewing the literature on pedagogical approaches to piano technique, this study determined that problematic language might lie at the root of the confusion. Core concepts identified in the review of literature as recurring areas of misunderstanding were tension, relaxation, co-contraction, arm weight, and hand and finger shape. The purpose of this study is to seek where issues of language exist in contemporary piano pedagogical approaches and to show how these problems may contribute to the systemic confusion in piano technique. To do this, the language that is used to describe and define the core concepts identified in the review of literature is analyzed in five modern pedagogical approaches. Five authors who have developed approaches that reflect current trends in piano technique have been selected for this study: Barbara Lister-Sink; Dorothy Taubman; Thomas Mark; Fred Karpoff; and Alan Fraser. The first step of this study entails collecting data from each of the five pedagogical approaches. The data is then analyzed for consistency and accuracy. Problems in language that contribute to the inconsistencies and inaccuracies are examined and illustrated with material from the data collection. This study concludes by identifying the main sources of confusion in the use of language: inconsistent and inaccurate use of terms; wavering between scientific, common, and invented language; challenges in describing opposing qualities that come from tension and relaxation; and failing to discern between the individual subjective experience and the mechanics of movement. By recognizing where the problems in language exist, this study represents an important first step for the pedagogical community to reach a common understanding of the language used to describe the physical aspect of piano technique.

This thesis examines domestic service practises among some members of the Yorkshire gentry during the nineteenth century. Historians usually consider the gentry to have shared the same social outlooks and practises as other members of the upper class in spite of significant differences in income and political power. However, as they were less well-to-do, they could not afford to maintain the variety of servants a wealthy aristocrat could. Three main families were selected to reflect the range of incomes and possession or lack thereof of a hereditary title: the Listers of Shibden Hall, the Sykes of Sledmere House and the Pennymans of Ormesby Hall. The Yorkshire gentry organised country houses servants along the same hierarchical lines as prescriptive authors suggested because this gave servants clear paths for promotion which reduced the frequency of staff turnover; furthermore the architecture of their country houses promoted such organization. Secondly, this architecture reinforced the domestic social positions of every rung of the domestic hierarchy. As part of a unique subgroup of the upper class, gentry ladies were less likely to experience class conflict with servants clearly placed within the domestic service hierarchy. The conclusion is that through selective recruitment processes, the distinctive work environment and a particular labour pool, this group created a unique labour market tailored to their social and economic standing.

Mastering the physical aspect of piano technique has long been a topic of great interest and importance to pianists. This is borne out in the numerous pedagogical approaches on the topic of piano technique. Despite the many contributions from pedagogues and scholars in developing an understanding of piano technique, many conflicting approaches often cause more confusion than clarity. After reviewing the literature on pedagogical approaches to piano technique, this study determined that problematic language might lie at the root of the confusion. Core concepts identified in the review of literature as recurring areas of misunderstanding were tension, relaxation, co-contraction, arm weight, and hand and finger shape. The purpose of this study is to seek where issues of language exist in contemporary piano pedagogical approaches and to show how these problems may contribute to the systemic confusion in piano technique. To do this, the language that is used to describe and define the core concepts identified in the review of literature is analyzed in five modern pedagogical approaches. Five authors who have developed approaches that reflect current trends in piano technique have been selected for this study: Barbara Lister-Sink; Dorothy Taubman; Thomas Mark; Fred Karpoff; and Alan Fraser. The first step of this study entails collecting data from each of the five pedagogical approaches. The data is then analyzed for consistency and accuracy. Problems in language that contribute to the inconsistencies and inaccuracies are examined and illustrated with material from the data collection. This study concludes by identifying the main sources of confusion in the use of language: inconsistent and inaccurate use of terms; wavering between scientific, common, and invented language; challenges in describing opposing qualities that come from tension and relaxation; and failing to discern between the individual subjective experience and the mechanics of movement. By recognizing where the problems in language exist, this study represents an important first step for the pedagogical community to reach a common understanding of the language used to describe the physical aspect of piano technique.

This thesis examines domestic service practises among some members of the Yorkshire gentry during the nineteenth century. Historians usually consider the gentry to have shared the same social outlooks and practises as other members of the upper class in spite of significant differences in income and political power. However, as they were less well-to-do, they could not afford to maintain the variety of servants a wealthy aristocrat could. Three main families were selected to reflect the range of incomes and possession or lack thereof of a hereditary title: the Listers of Shibden Hall, the Sykes of Sledmere House and the Pennymans of Ormesby Hall. The Yorkshire gentry organised country houses servants along the same hierarchical lines as prescriptive authors suggested because this gave servants clear paths for promotion which reduced the frequency of staff turnover; furthermore the architecture of their country houses promoted such organization. Secondly, this architecture reinforced the domestic social positions of every rung of the domestic hierarchy. As part of a unique subgroup of the upper class, gentry ladies were less likely to experience class conflict with servants clearly placed within the domestic service hierarchy. The conclusion is that through selective recruitment processes, the distinctive work environment and a particular labour pool, this group created a unique labour market tailored to their social and economic standing.

Mastering the physical aspect of piano technique has long been a topic of great interest and importance to pianists. This is borne out in the numerous pedagogical approaches on the topic of piano technique. Despite the many contributions from pedagogues and scholars in developing an understanding of piano technique, many conflicting approaches often cause more confusion than clarity. After reviewing the literature on pedagogical approaches to piano technique, this study determined that problematic language might lie at the root of the confusion. Core concepts identified in the review of literature as recurring areas of misunderstanding were tension, relaxation, co-contraction, arm weight, and hand and finger shape. The purpose of this study is to seek where issues of language exist in contemporary piano pedagogical approaches and to show how these problems may contribute to the systemic confusion in piano technique. To do this, the language that is used to describe and define the core concepts identified in the review of literature is analyzed in five modern pedagogical approaches. Five authors who have developed approaches that reflect current trends in piano technique have been selected for this study: Barbara Lister-Sink; Dorothy Taubman; Thomas Mark; Fred Karpoff; and Alan Fraser. The first step of this study entails collecting data from each of the five pedagogical approaches. The data is then analyzed for consistency and accuracy. Problems in language that contribute to the inconsistencies and inaccuracies are examined and illustrated with material from the data collection. This study concludes by identifying the main sources of confusion in the use of language: inconsistent and inaccurate use of terms; wavering between scientific, common, and invented language; challenges in describing opposing qualities that come from tension and relaxation; and failing to discern between the individual subjective experience and the mechanics of movement. By recognizing where the problems in language exist, this study represents an important first step for the pedagogical community to reach a common understanding of the language used to describe the physical aspect of piano technique.