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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Wireless Location with Inertial Assisted NLOS Mitigation in UWB

Liu, Ting-Wei 19 August 2011 (has links)
The thesis is mainly focused on a hybrid location system, which processes wireless and inertial measurements by extended Kalman filtering. Inertial location system is usually used with Dead-Reckoning method, which calculates the present location and heading direction from a previous known state by using measurements of accelerometer and gyroscope, which have immunity from the environment. The system estimates the position by integrates the measurements of sensors, resulting in high accuracy during a short period. However, the unreliability grows with time due to the bias effect on sensors. By combining the wireless location and inertial system, the uncertainty of estimation can be reduced. In wireless communications, the locations of base stations and the times of signal arrival can be used in locating a mobile station. However, signal propagation could be blocked by objects. The non-line of sight (NLOS) effects cause arrival delay and is usually modeled as exponential distributions. Previously, the improved biased Kalman filters were designed to mitigate the NLOS effect in base station measurements. The system design has difficulty in accommodating inertial measurements. The inertial has immunity to the environment. The property is of help in the NLOS mitigation. Therefore, we propose a hybrid location system that integrating the wireless and inertial measurements by using a hybrid biased extended Kalman filter at the stage of positioning. The system provides better prediction with the assistance of enviroment-free inertial measurements. The NLOS mitigation with prediction feedback scheme results in better mitigation performance. Simulations of different situations have been conducted based on parameters in the IEEE 802.15.3a ultra-wideband environment. The performance differences between the proposed method and other approaches show that inertial assisted system effectively reduces the NLOS effects. Also, the proposed hybrid location system has more efficient mitigation performance and better tracking results.
2

A comparative study of tracking methods for a guided walking city tour in outdoor spaces for tourists through AR on smartphones. / En jämförande studie av spårningsmetoder för en utomhusapplikation för guidade stadsresor genom AR på mobiltelefoner.

Schmitz, Lisa January 2017 (has links)
Recent advancements in mobile phone technology have al- lowed mobile augmented reality (MAR) to become feasible. Today’s mobile phones have enough computing power to dis- play augmented reality content and new frameworks make MAR development more accessible. It is no surprise that one of the most popular areas of applications are city tours as this has been a target field since the early days of aug- mented reality (AR) [8]. Without altering the appearance of the city, virtual content can be placed to bring hidden information, such as the city’s history, closer to tourists. The most common choice of the tracking method for this type of application is location-based tracking. Relying only on the GPS signal and sensors like the accelerometer and the gyroscope, the position of the phone is tracked. The location of the digital content in the real world is given by geospatial coordinates. Unfortunately, the accuracy of the sensors is insu⇥cient for accurate placement. Furthermore, the technology’s main advantage over other techniques, such as marker-based tracking, is that the application does not require any change in the city environment. In contrast to that, the other leading technique, marker-based tracking, is a computer vision technology that requires visual clues to work. Marker images would have to be placed in the city for the marker-based tracking technology to function. How- ever, location-based tracking can cause erratic behaviour of the virtual objects, which decreases the quality of the ex- perience. This paper compares location-based and marker- based tracking to show the user experience strengths and weaknesses of both methods to provide design guidelines for choosing the most suitable tracking technology when de- veloping an outdoor walking application. In order to un- cover the strengths and weaknesses, one experimental proto- types for each tracking technology has been developed. The analysis of the results of a controlled user study highlights the comparative strengths and weaknesses of each technol- ogy, location-based and marker-based tracking. The mea- sured user experience di⇤erences demonstrate that for scenes where AR application designers and city o⇥cials are lead- ing to incorporate visual markers, visual-based tracking will outperform location-based tracking. / En jämförande studie av spårningsmetoder för en utomhusapplikation för guidade stadsresor genom AR på mobiltelefoner. Nya tekniska framsteg för mobiltelefoner har gjort Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) genomförbart. Dagens mobiltelefoner har tillräcklig beräknings-förmåga för att visa Augmented Reality (AR) innehåll och nya frameworks gör MAR- utveckling mer tillgänglig. Det är ingen överraskning att ett av de mest populära användningsområdena är stadsresor eftersom det har varit ett fokus sedan de första dagarna av AR. Utan att ändra utseendet av staden kan virtuellt innehåll placeras för att föra gömd information, till exempel stadens historia, närmare turisterna. Det vanligaste valet av spårningsmetod för dessa AR- applikationer är platsbaserad spårning. Genom endast förlitande på GPS-signaloch sensorer som accelerometern och gyroskop spåras positionen och rotationenav telefonen, och platsen av det digitala innehållet i den verkliga världen ges av geospatiala koordinater. Tyvärr är noggrannheten hos sensorerna ej tillräcklig för korrekt placering. Teknikens största fördel jämfört med andra tekniker, till exempel markörbaserad spårning, är att applikationen inte kräver förändringar i stadsmiljön. I kontrast till det är den andra ledande tekniken,markörbaserad spårning, en datasynteknik som kräver visuella indikationer för att fungera. Markörbilder skulle behöva placeras i staden för att den markörbaserade spårtekniken ska fungera. Emellertid kan platsbaserad spårning orsaka oregelbundet beteende hos de virtuella objekten, vilket minskar kvaliteten på upplevelsen. I denna rapport jämförs platsbaserad och markörbaserad spårning för att visa styrkor och svageter med användarupplevelsen i båda metoderna. Detta görs i syfte av att ge designriktlinjer för att välja den mest lämpliga spårningstekniken för utveckling av en utomhusapplikation. För att finna dessa styrkor och svagheter implementerades en experimentell prototyp för varje spårningsteknik. Analysen av användarstudieren framhäver de motsvarande styrkorna och svagheterna hos platsbaserad och markörbaserad spårning. De mättaskillnaderna inom användarupplevelsen visar att för scener där AR-applikationsdesigners och stadens tjänstemän är villiga att införa visuella markörer så är markörbaserad spårning bättre än platsbaserad spårning.

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