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Because of the restriction on structure hazard and instruction data dependence, the quantity of NOP instructions fills up a program for VLIW Architectures. This problem causes a waste of program memory, so that an instruction compression mechanism is a must for VLIW Architectures. The vectorized instruction in DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial) DSP will collect the discrete vectors into one continuous vector. This mechanism is based on the software-pipeline of the zero overhead looping mode. It is important to improve the efficiency of instruction fetcher. Additionally, the branch instruction can cause the non-continuous behavior of a program and the damage of the efficiency of instruction fetcher. The mechanism of compressed instructions causes the irregular length of long instruction in fetch packet. The problem becomes difficult designed. The thesis implements a design of improving instruction stream buffer, which can keep the repeat block in buffer. This mechanism overcomes the effects of zero overhead looping and branch instruction. It can also improve the efficiency of continuously fetch instructions. The simulation result shows that the mechanism has a good efficiency in FFT, FIR and DCT.

This work aimed to evaluate the subsystems of a novel mediated oxycombustion system and determine the expected final conditions of the integrated subsystems. The subsystems included a cerium based oxygen transport membrane, transport membrane coatings to assist in the pickup and release of oxygen, and a molten intermediary oxygen carrier. Various doping levels of yttrium and zirconium were investigated, both as singular dopants and in a co-doped scheme. Regression analysis was performed to quantitatively evaluate how each dopant affected the material properties. Zirconium was not found to have statistically significant effects, although an effect was clearly noted on pure ceria. Functions of the doping level of yttrium were found for relative density, hardness, and the contributing factors of electrical conductivity. Chemical looping combustion experiments were performed to determine viable candidates for oxygen pickup and release coatings. It was discovered that a release coating was not necessary due to the use of a reactive fluid, and iron showed promise as a pickup coating but short of showing statistical significance. The ability of antimony oxide to react with hydrocarbon fuels and be regenerated by oxygen was investigated to determine the reaction rates. It was discovered that a co-doping scheme of yttrium and zirconium at a level of 8.33% (1/12th) each achieved the highest oxygen flux with a value of 3.671x10-7 mol O/s/cm2. All of the subsystems were we analyzed and a complete, theoretical system was described. It is recommended that the shape of the oxygen transport membrane be of a single-closed-end cylinder. This allows the increase of oxygen permeation with a smaller device footprint. It was found that the system would be capable of combusting 6.699 grams of carbon based fuel per minute per square meter of footprint. This equates to a heat rate of 3.6 kilowatts per square meter when utilizing a medium volatile bituminous coal. This value will continue to be improved as further research is conducted into the components of the system.

In this work the performance of cerium-based oxygen carriers is investigated in a simulated chemical looping dry reforming system using methane and carbon dioxide as fuel and oxidizing gas respectively. The samples to be studied are pure cerium oxide and cerium oxide doped with zirconium, yttrium, samarium, and scandium more specifically: CeO2, Ce0.8Y0.2O1.9, Ce0.85Y0.05Zr0.1O1.975, Ce0.95Zr0.05O2, Ce0.9Sm0.05Zr0.05O1.975, and Ce0.9Sc0.05Zr0.05O1.975. Characteristics such as crystallography including lattice parameter and particle size of the samples are evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size analysis. The oxygen transport capacity will also be measured using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). This method of measurement also allowed for insight on oxygen release temperatures as well as recyclability of the samples. The particle size analysis showed that the synthesis method of precipitation-agglomeration resulted in samples with consistent particle size distribution indicating the method can be scaled up. The X-ray analysis of samples before and after the TGA tests show that all the materials tested had a cubic fluorite crystal structure which was maintained through the oxidation reduction cycles. The lattice parameter was found to increase slightly with a loss in oxygen content in the samples. The addition of trivalent dopants resulted in a decrease in the temperature of initiation of reduction in methane. While reduction of commercial ceria initiated near 800 oC. the addition of trivalent dopants resulted in a lowering of the initialization temperature between of 150 – 200oC. The activation energy of commercial ceria was 248.42 kJ/mol for reduction in methane, indicating that the rate controlling mechanism is chemical reaction rather than diffusion. The addition of trivalent dopants resulted in a significant lowering in the activation energy. The activation energies obtained in this study show that the addition of dopant increased the significance of diffusion through the solid and the controlling mechanisms were both diffusion and chemical reaction. Overall, the addition of trivalent dopants enhanced the extent of oxygen exchange in CLDR process.

The purpose of the quantitative study was to determine if there was a significant difference in the academic performance of students at the elementary level who loop compared to those who do not. This study also assessed if there was a significant difference in academic achievement among subgroups in students who loop compared to those who do not. A quantitative, ex post-facto, comparative design was used to analyze data to determine if there is a signficiant relationship between looping and academic achievement for elementary students. The scores of students enrolled in two looping classrooms at two schools were compared to those of two nonlooping classrooms at two schools. The data that were analyzed included students’ reading scores on the Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA), math benchmark scores, and a district writing assessment. The results of the quantitative study revealed that students who participated in looped classrooms scored significantly higher on the math benchmark than students who participated in nonlooped classrooms. However, there was no significant difference in reading or writing benchmark scores between students who participate in looped classrooms compared to students who participated in nonlooped classrooms. The results also revealed that there was a significant difference in writing scores between males and females in nonlooped classrooms, with females scoring significantly higher than males. However, there was no significant difference in writing scores between males and females in looped classrooms. In addition, no significant difference was found between males and females in looped and nonlooped classrooms in either reading or math scores. Finally, there was a significant difference in math scores between minority and nonminority students in nonlooped classrooms, with nonminority students scoring significantly higher than minority students. However, there was no significant difference in math scores between minority and nonminority students in looped classrooms. In addition, no significant difference was found between minority and nonminority students in looped and nonlooped classrooms in either reading or writing scores.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / About 50 million years ago, an Hsmar1 transposon invaded an early primate genome and inserted itself downstream of a SET methyltransferase gene, leading to the birth of a new chimeric protein now called SETMAR. While all other Hsmar1 sequences in the human genome have suffered inactivating mutational damage, the transposase domain of SETMAR has remained remarkably intact, suggesting that it has gained a novel, evolutionarily advantageous function. While SETMAR can no longer transpose itself throughout the genome, it has retained its ancestral sequence-specific DNA binding activity, the importance of which is currently unknown. To investigate this, we performed ChIP-seq to examine SETMAR binding in the human genome. We also utilized RNA-sequencing to assess SETMAR overexpression as well as SETMAR deletion on the human transcriptome. Additionally, we explored SETMAR’s transposase-derived chromatin-looping ability using chromosome-conformation-capture-on-ChIP (4C) in the presence of SETMAR overexpression and performed genome-wide Hi-C to assess the impact of complete SETMAR silencing on global chromatin interactions. ChIP-seq revealed that SETMAR amassed 7,332 unique binding sites, 69% of which included a TIR motif. RNA-sequencing in cells overexpressing SETMAR indicated 177 differentially regulated transcripts, including repression of 17 histone transcripts, suggesting a possible role in chromatin dynamics. RNA-sequencing of parental and SETMAR knockout clones highlighted an average of 5,000 altered transcripts in each cell line, with 343 transcripts significantly differentially expressed in all three knockout clones, many of which participate in embryonic development pathways. 4C analysis in the presence of SETMAR overexpression discovered multiple intrachromosomal looping interactions, and Hi-C analysis of SETMAR knockout cell lines uncovered genome-wide loss of chromatin interactions and disruption of TAD boundaries. The prevalence of SETMAR binding in the human genome combined with its chromatin looping capability and its dramatic effects on the transcriptome suggest a previously undiscovered role for SETMAR as a novel chromatin organizing factor. / 2022-08-17

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No description available.

No description available.