Par une étude de cas portant sur les représentations de Louis Riel en bande dessinée, cet essai tente de comprendre comment les différentes composantes, constitutive du médium, sont mise en œuvre pour effectuer la mise en forme du discours historique de genre biographique. Quelle est donc la nature de ce discours? Est-il possible de lui accorder une quelconque légitimité historique? En analysant le parcours historique de la bande dessinée et son traitement en tant qu’objet culturel je vais démontrer que le médium continue de porter les stigmates de son passé et que les préjugés à son encontre constituent un obstacle à la reconnaissance de la crédibilité de son discours. La bande dessinée serait un art mineur, un sous-genre littéraire destiné, de par son essence, à traiter sur un ton léger et amusant les différents sujets qu’elle aborde. Pourtant, en prenant en considération les questionnements de nature épistémologique sur la discipline historique et plus particulièrement ceux sur le processus de mise en forme du discours biographique, on constate que la bande dessinée possède les composantes nécessaires pour soutenir une narration historique. En analysant à la fois sa forme et son contenu et en dressant des éléments de comparaison avec l’historiographie de Louis Riel, je vais démontrer que la bande dessinée constitue un médium postmoderne présentant un discours historique original et crédible.

It has long been accepted that the Catholic threat posed by Louis X1V played an important role in English politics from the late seventeenth century onwards. The expansionist politics of Louis and his attempts to eliminate Protestants within his sphere of influence enhanced the sense of a general crisis of Protestantism in Europe. Moreover news of the persecution of foreign Protestants stimulated a great deal of anti-popish sentiment as well as a sense of the need for Protestant solidarity. The purpose of my studies is to explore how the English perceived the persecution of continental Protestants and to analyse what it meant for the English to be involved in various relief programmes for them from c. 1680 to 1740. Accordingly, I have examined the church briefs which were issued to raise contributions for the relief of continental Protestants, and which serve as evidence of Protestant internationalism against the perceived Catholic threat of the day. I have considered the spectrum of views concerning continental Protestants within the Church; in some attitudes evinced by clergymen, there was an element which might be called ecclesiastical imperialism rather than internationalism. At the same time I have examined laymen's attitudes; this investigation of the activities of the SPCK, one of the most influential voluntary societies of the day, which was closely concerned with continental Protestants, fulfills this purpose. In the eighteenth century the Church of England became more reluctant to get involved with the foreign Protestants and applications from them for fund raising tended to fail to obtain support. Nevertheless when an application for a brief was turned down, the SPCK in some cases stepped in, until the time came when its Protestant internationalism, inherited from the age of Louis XIV, also faded away.

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