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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Epidemiologic Review, Location-Specific Habitat Modelling, and Surveillance in Hillsborough County, Florida, U.S.A.

Perich, Brad Christian 01 March 2018 (has links)
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a parasitic nematode endemic to tropical and subtropical regions and is the leading cause of human eosinophilic meningitis. The parasite is commonly known as rat lungworm because the primary host in its lifecycle is the rat. A clinical overview of rat lungworm infection is presented, followed by a literature review of rat lungworm epidemiology, risk factors, and surveillance projects. Data collected from previous snail surveys in Florida was considered alongside elevation, population per square kilometer, median household income by zip code territory, and normalized difference vegetation index specific to the geographic coordinates from which the snail samples were retrieved. The parameters of interest were incorporated as possible predictor variables in a Poisson probability regression model and a negative binomial regression model. NDVI and population density were determined to be positively associated with number of snail samples positive for A. cantonensis in a given Miami-based location. A surveillance project was conducted in Hillsborough County, Florida, U.S.A.. Snail samples were collected and tested for A. cantonensis DNA via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis. None of the samples tested positive for A. cantonensis.
2

L'anthropisation des milieux du Néolithique à l'âge du Fer dans le bassin de la Seine enregistrée par les malacofaunes continentales / The human impact on the landscapes of the Seine basin from the Neolithic to the Iron Age as recorded by continental molluscs

Granai, Salomé 17 October 2014 (has links)
Les mollusques continentaux sont des enregistreurs très sensibles des conditions environnementales locales et de leurs moindres variations. Malgré le caractère très local des malacofaunes, les référentiels malacologiques constitués dans le nord-ouest de l'Europe pour le Tardiglaciaire et le début de l'Holocène ont démontré la valeur régionale de cet indicateur. Cette dimension a pu être abordée par la multiplication des observations qui a permis de différencier des caractères généraux par rapport à des variations ponctuelles. C'est dans cette optique que sont ici étudiées les données malacologiques de la seconde moitié de l'Holocène dans les plaines alluviales du bassin de la Seine. En présentant une synthèse des données collectées sur une quinzaine de sites, ce travail a pour objectif de fournir un référentiel malacologique des grandes étapes environnementales s’étant succédé dans ces espaces et d’évaluer le rôle des sociétés humaines dans ces transformations. Il est montré qu’une trajectoire environnementale commune est partagée sur l’ensemble des sites étudiés. Durant la première moitié de l’Holocène, les plaines sont occupées par des boisements et l’impact anthropique paraît limité aux abords immédiats des sites archéologiques. Le paysage s’ouvre et s’humidifie durant le Subboréal, en particulier durant l’âge du Bronze. Au moment du passage à l’âge du Fer, à la transition Subboréal/Subatlantique, les plaines alluviales sont déjà largement défrichées et leur paysage est même largement homogénéisé. Ces résultats malacologiques sont ensuite discutés au regard des phases d'occupations humaines et confrontés aux résultats obtenus sur d'autres indicateurs à l’échelle régionale (palynologie, géomorphologie) mais également comparés aux autres référentiels malacologiques construits aux échelles nord-ouest et centre européennes, afin d’évaluer si les changements enregistrés sont perçus à large échelle et dans le but de comprendre leurs causalités. / Continental molluscs are very sensitive indicators of local environmental conditions. Molluscs are representative of local environments, but previous studies have demonstrated the consistency of the Lateglacial and Early Holocene malacological successions throughout North-Western Europe. This result has been obtained thanks to a high number of analyses that enabled to distinguish general characteristics from local variations. The present study focuses on the malacological data from the second half of the Holocene in the floodplains of the Seine basin. By presenting a synthesis of the data collected over fifteen sites, this work aims to provide a malacological framework of the major environmental steps recorded in the floodplains of the Seine basin and to assess the role of human societies in some of the observed transformations. It is demonstrated that a common environmental trajectory is shared on all the studied sites. During the first half of the Holocene, floodplains are dominated by woodlands and the anthropogenic impact seems limited to the immediate vicinity of archaeological sites. The landscape becomes more open and moister during the Subboreal, in particular during the Bronze Age. At the transition between the Subboreal and the Subatlantic, at the beginning of the Iron Age, alluvial plains are already widely cleared of trees and their landscape appears to be largely homogenised. These malacological results are then discussed in relation to human settlements and compared with other indicators at the regional level (palynology, geomorphology). They are also compared with other malacological framework, built in north-western and central Europe, in order to assess whether the changes recorded are observed on a large scale and to understand their causalities.

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