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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

An?lise de tend?ncia e caracteriza??o sazonal e interanual da evapotranspira??o de refer?ncia para o sudoeste da amaz?nia brasileira: Acre, Brasil

Silva, Helder Jos? Farias da 13 March 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-01T19:16:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HelderJoseFariasDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 2165640 bytes, checksum: 8c026e03ed909ac61c71180b9f74dae8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-06T19:45:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 HelderJoseFariasDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 2165640 bytes, checksum: 8c026e03ed909ac61c71180b9f74dae8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-06T19:45:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HelderJoseFariasDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 2165640 bytes, checksum: 8c026e03ed909ac61c71180b9f74dae8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi de investigar aspectos climatol?gicos mensais, sazonais, anuais e interdecadais da Evapotranspira??o de refer?ncia (ETo) no estado do Acre a fim de compreender melhor sua variabilidade espa?o-temporal e identificar poss?veis tend?ncias na regi?o. O estudo foi conduzido com dados dos munic?pios de Rio Branco, capital do Estado, Tarauac? e Cruzeiro do Sul, considerando um per?odo de 30 anos (1985 a 2014), a partir de dados mensais de esta??es meteorol?gicas de superf?cie do Instituto de Nacional de Meteorologia. Como metodologia realizou-se, primeiramente, a consist?ncia dos dados meteorol?gicos. Desta forma, foi feito o preenchimento de falhas na s?rie temporal por meio de t?cnicas multivariadas. Na seq??ncia foram realizados testes estat?sticos de tend?ncia (Mann-kendall) e de homogeneidade, por meio do estimador de Sen's foi estimada a magnitude desta tend?ncia, bem como algoritmos computacionais contendo testes param?tricos e n?o param?tricos para duas amostras para identificar a partir de que ano a tend?ncia passou a ser significativa. Por fim, a t?cnica de An?lise de Vari?ncia (ANOVA) foi adotada com o intuito de verificar se houve diferen?as significativas nas m?dias anuais da evapotranspira??o entre as localidades. O m?todo indireto de PenmanMontheith parametrizado pela FAO foi utilizado para o c?lculo da ETo. Os resultados deste trabalho, mediante an?lise da estat?stica descritiva, permitiram concluir que a m?dia anual da ETo foi de 3,80, 2,92 e 2,86 mm dia ano-1 , para Rio Branco, Tarauac? e Cruzeiro do Sul, respectivamente. Apresentando padr?o sazonal bastante marcante com um m?nimo em junho e um m?ximo em outubro, sendo Rio Branco a localidade que apresentou sinal mais forte (amplitudes), por outro lado, Cruzeiro do Sul apresentou maior variabilidade dentre as localidades estudadas. Pela ANOVA constatou-se que as m?dias anuais diferem estatisticamente para um n?vel de signific?ncia de 1% entre as localidades, por?m as m?dias anuais entre Cruzeiro do Sul e Tarauac? n?o apresentaram diferen?as estatisticamente significativa. Para as tr?s localidades, a d?cada de 2000 foi a que apresentou os maiores valores de ETo, associada a ?guas mais quentes da bacia do Atl?ntico Norte e a d?cada de 80 a de menores valores, associada a ?guas mais frias desta bacia. Atrav?s da an?lise do teste de Mann-kendall e do estimador de Sen, verificou-se tend?ncia de eleva??o da evapotranspira??o de refer?ncia sazonal (outono, inverno e primavera) da ordem de 0,11 mm por d?cada e, que a partir dos anos de 1990, 1996 e 2001 se tornaram estatisticamente significativas para as localidades de Cruzeiro do Sul, Tarauac? e Rio Branco, respectivamente. Para an?lise de tend?ncia dos par?metros meteorol?gicos foi observado tend?ncia positiva em n?vel de 5% de signific?ncia, para a temperatura m?dia, temperatura m?nima e radia??o solar global. / The objective of this research was to investigate monthly climatological, seasonal, annual and interdecadal of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in Acre state in order to better understand its spatial and temporal variability and identify possible trends in the region. The study was conducted with data from Rio Branco municipalities, the state capital, Tarauac? and Cruzeiro do Sul considering a 30-year period (1985-2014), from monthly data from weather stations surface of the National Institute of Meteorology. The methodology was held, first, the consistency of meteorological data. Thus, it was made the gap filling in the time series by means of multivariate techniques. Subsequently were performed statistical tests trend (Mann-Kendall) and homogeneity, by Sen's estimator of the magnitude of this trend is estimated, as well as computational algorithms containing parametric and non-parametric tests for two samples to identify from that year the trend has become significant. Finally, analysis of variance technique (ANOVA) was adopted in order to verify whether there were significant differences in average annual evapotranspiration between locations. The indirect method of Penman-Montheith parameterized by FAO was used to calculate the ETo. The results of this work through examination of the descriptive statistics showed that the ETo the annual average was 3.80, 2.92 and 2.86 mm day-1 year, to Rio Branco, Tarauac? and Cruzeiro do Sul, respectively. Featuring quite remarkable seasonal pattern with a minimum in June and a maximum in October, with Rio Branco to town one with the strongest signal (amplitudes) on the other hand, the Southern Cross presented the highest variability among the studied locations. By ANOVA it was found that the average annual statistically different for a significance level of 1% between locations, but the annual average between Cruzeiro do Sul and Tarauac? no statistically significant differences. For the three locations, the 2000s was the one with the highest ETo values associated with warmer waters of the North Atlantic basin and the 80s to lower values, associated with cooler waters of this basin. By analyzing the Mann-kendall and Sen estimator test, there was a trend of increasing the seasonal reference evapotranspiration (fall, winter and spring) on the order of 0.11 mm per decade and that from the years of 1990, 1996 and 2001 became statistically significant to the localities of Cruzeiro do Sul Tarauac? and Rio Branco, respectively. For trend analysis of meteorological parameters was observed positive trend in the 5% level of significance, for average temperature, minimum temperature and solar radiation.

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