Notre thèse est consacrée à l’œuvre philosophique de Marc Richir – œuvre débutée en 1968 qui compte plus de dix mille pages en 2011, réparties en vingt ouvrages et plus de deux cents articles – et elle se résume à cette double ambition : 1/ apporter la démonstration que la phénoménologie transcendantale chez Marc Richir (avec ses notions spécifiques et son architectonique), dans les enjeux les plus fondamentaux de sa refonte et de sa refondation, se comprend, se réfléchit et se fonde par un résidu, une trace ou un milieu (de vie du) transcendantal ; bref, par ce que nous nommons un élément ‘ogkorythmique’ fondamental qui constitue le placentaire du transcendantal, le squelette transcendantal du transcendantal. Cet élément, présent à tous les niveaux de cette nouvelle phénoménologie et qui en ouvre la compréhensibilité, est constitué par une masse rythmique non spatiale et non temporelle néanmoins en mouvement. Ce qui équivaut à penser la dynamique foncièrement irreprésentable, impossible, impensable et incompréhensible, d’une masse sans masse et d’un rythme sans rythme au cœur même de la phénoménologie et de la phénoménologisation richiriennes devenues par cette analyse, à nos yeux, une métaphysique phénoménologique fondamentale ; 2/ montrer la genèse des fondements phénoménologiques de cette pensée refondatrice – à la lumière de cet élément – comprise comme métaphysique transcendantale, par l’étude analytique des premiers écrits des années 60 et 70, où apparaît cette problématique fondationnelle ; et qui permet, en outre, d’éclairer les écrits postérieurs des années 80 à 2000, ce qui favorise le traitement de ces derniers de manière à la fois transversale et synthétique. / Our thesis is devoted to the philosophical work of Marc Richir - work began in 1968 with over ten thousand pages in 2011, divided into twenty books and over two hundred articles - and it comes down to this dual ambition: 1 / provide demonstrate that the redesign and rebuilding of transcendental phenomenology at Marc Richer (with its specific concepts and architectonic), in its most fundamental issues, understandably, is reflected and is based in a residue, a trace or a medium (life) transcendental short, by what we call an element 'ogkorythmique' fundamental is the placenta of the transcendental, the skeleton transcendental of the transcendental. This element, present at all levels of the new phenomenology and who opens the comprehensibility, consists of a mass rhythmic non-spatial and non-temporal nevertheless moving. Equivalent to the dynamics fundamentally unrepresentable think, impossible, inconceivable and incomprehensible, a mass without mass and a rhythm without rhythm at the heart of phenomenology and phenomenologizing richiriennes become by this analysis, in our view, a fundamental phenomenological metaphysics, 2 / show the genesis of the phenomenological foundations of this thought new foundations - in the light of this element - understood as transcendental metaphysics, for the analytical study of the early writings of the 60 and 70, which is the foundational issue, and which, moreover, inform the later writings of the 80 to 2000, which promotes the treatment of these so both transverse and synthetic.

Protein is an important fraction within bovine milk. This milk protein is not only vital for calf growth and development, but also includes bioactive proteins and peptides that have been shown to enhance the health of animals and humans. Research efforts are focusing on factors, such as nutrition, that can influence the quantity and profile of proteins within the bovine milk proteome. The research outlined herein investigated the impact of diet on the bovine milk proteome. The first experiment examined whether dietary inclusion of grape marc (GM), a condensed tannin (CT) containing by-product from the viticulture industry, could alter the bovine milk proteome through altered nitrogen (N) metabolism. In this experiment, 10 lactating Holstein cows were fed either 2.0 kg dry matter (DM)/ cow/ day of beet pulp: soy hulls in a 50% mixture (control), or 1.5 kg DM/ cow/ day of GM as part of a balanced dairy cow ration for a 28-d trial. Milk samples were obtained for analysis of the high- and low-abundance protein fractions. Skimmed milk samples collected for high-abundance protein analysis were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify proteins in the low-abundance protein enriched fraction. Skimmed milk samples collected for low-abundance milk protein analysis were fractionated and enriched to remove higher abundance proteins. Enriched milk samples were then digested and labeled with isobaric tandem mass tags (TMT) prior to protein identification using LC-MS/MS analysis. There were no changes in the high-abundance protein fraction in response to diet; however, 16 of 127 low-abundance proteins were identified at different relative-abundances due to diet (P ≤ 0.05). While there were no alterations in the metabolic or N status of animals due to GM supplementation, the 12% change in the low-abundance milk protein fraction highlighted the potential for dietary alteration of the bovine milk proteome. A second experiment evaluated the inclusion of alternative forage crops (AFC) as a means to alter the bovine milk proteome. In this experiment, both the skimmed milk and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) protein fractions were included in analysis. Milk samples were collected from 16 lactating Jersey cattle included in a 21-d grazing experiment, where cows were offered one of two diets. The control group (CON, n=8) grazed a grass-legume pasture mixture containing orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata), timothy (Phleum pratense), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), and white clover (Trifolium repens). The treatment group (AFC, n=8) grazed a similar base pasture that was strip-tilled with oat (Avena sativa), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), and chickling vetch (Lathyrus sativus) so that the AFC species comprised 10% of the AFC group’s pasture DM intake (DMI). Milk samples were collected for HPLC analysis of the high abundance milk proteins, and LC-MS/MS analysis of the low abundance protein enriched skim milk fraction and MFGM-associated protein fraction. Cows that grazed pastures containing AFC had higher αs1-CAS content (P = 0.005), and higher relative-abundances of 7 low-abundance proteins within the skim milk and MFGM fractions (P ≤ 0.05). While it is plausible that the inclusion of AFC in pasture increased nutrient availability to the mammary gland, the specific mechanisms that could have caused the shifts observed remain unclear. Further investigation is necessary to fully understand the role of diet and the milk protein profile.

Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Histoire--Bordeaux 3, 1997. Titre de soutenance : Adjutores Antonii partium : les partisans romains de Marc-Antoine. / Bibliogr. p. 532-549. Notes bibliogr. Index. Résumé en 4e de couv. en français et en anglais.

Thèse Médecine Lyon, 1914 numéro 103.

Project report (M.S.)--San Jose State University, 2000. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 37-40).

Abstract Not Available.

No description available.

System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-59).

La digestion anaérobie représente un élément clé dans la dynamique de développement durable contribuant à la valorisation verte des déchets organiques sous forme de biogaz et d'engrais. Dans le cadre de ce travail de thèse franco-libanais, nous cherchons à valoriser le marc de raisin, déchet majeur et principal sous-produit issu de la viniculture, par la digestion anaérobie, afin de générer de l’énergie dite verte sous forme de méthane. Dans un premier temps, le potentiel méthane du marc de raisin est démontré, validant notre biomasse végétale comme source potentielle d’énergie. Des informations détaillées sur les productions maximales de méthane à partir du marc entier, des pulpes et des pépins, séparément, sont obtenues en mode batch à 37 °C. La faisabilité technique du procédé est alors validée suite à une extrapolation au mode continu. De plus, des essais d’acclimatation du digesteur continu à la température moyenne de la vallée de la Bekaa (25 °C) permettent de simuler et d’adapter le système au milieu libanais. D’autre part, nous avons mené une caractérisation bio-physico-chimique de différents cépages de marcs de raisins en provenance de différentes régions viticoles. La diversité du contenu lignocellulosique et du potentiel méthanogène des substrats choisis a été mise en évidence. Une corrélation négative existe, en particulier, entre le potentiel méthane et les teneurs en lignine et en cellulose. Afin d’intensifier la production de méthane, le dimensionnement des digesteurs anaérobies en mode continu est optimisé en déterminant un optimum de fonctionnement pour une charge appliquée de 3,7 kg DCO m-3 j-1 et un temps de séjour de 20 jours. Enfin, nous évaluons les effets d’une variété de prétraitements (congélation, traitement alcalin, traitement acide, ultrasons et champs électriques pulsés) sur la production de méthane et sur la biodégradabilité des fractions. Le couplage du traitement alcalin à 10% NaOH avec la congélation à -20 °C s’avère être le meilleur procédé d’intensification. / Anaerobic digestion is considered to be a crucial part of a sustainable development strategy, contributing to the green valorization of organic waste as biogas and fertilizers. As part of this doctoral thesis, we explored the valorization of grape pomace, the major waste and main by-product of winemaking, by anaerobic digestion, to generate green energy in the form of methane. Firstly, the methane potential of grape pomace is demonstrated, validating our vegetal biomass as a potential source of energy. Detailed information on the maximum production of methane from whole pomace, pulps and seeds are obtained in batch mode at 37 °C. The technical feasibility of the process is then validated following an extrapolation to the continuous mode. Moreover, the acclimation of the continuous digester at the average temperature of the Beqaa valley (25 °C) allowed to simulate and adapt the current system to the Lebanese environment. On another note, we carried out a bio- physico-chemical characterization of different grape varieties from different wine-growing areas. The diversity of the lignocellulosic content and the methane potential of the selected substrates was highlighted. A negative correlation exists, in particular, between the methane potential and the lignin and cellulose fractions. In order to intensify methane production, we conducted an optimization of anaerobic digesters dimensioning in continuous mode by determining an optimum of operation for an applied load of 3.7 kg COD m-3 d-1 and a residence time of 20 days. Finally, we evaluated the effects of a variety of pretreatments (freezing, alkaline treatment, acid treatment, ultrasounds and pulsed electric fields) on the methane production and the biodegradability of lignocellulosic fractions. The coupling of the alkaline treatment using 10% NaOH with freezing at -20 °C seems to be the best intensification process.

The topic of my dissertation is Comparison of the quality of eggs depending on the method of feeding. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the quality of hen eggs changes after adding crushed grape seeds in the compound feed of the hens. Grape seeds are formed as a side product during wine making processes and contain large amounts of biologically active substances and suitable acids, which can improve the feed conversion and subsequently also improve the technological properties of eggs. With processing of grape seeds the effective utilization of crop residues in vineyards comes about. The experiment was conducted in two experimental periods and in each period 100 laying hens were surveyed. They were separated into two groups an experimental and a control one. In the control group the hens were fed with a standard mixture of N2 feed and in the experimental group there was a supplement of 5 weight percent of crushed grape seeds in the compound feed. Eggs were collected daily and once every two weeks an analysis of technological properties of eggs was conducted. The results of the experiment showed that the addition of crushed grape seeds containing a biologically active substance did not have a statistically significant effect on the quality and selected technological parameters of eggs.