Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:21:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Julia Meyer Fernandes Tavares.pdf: 676759 bytes, checksum: 3c47e696d19aaca86604447f7d044437 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-28 / The present work aims to study the philosophy of law from the Roman thought of the philosopher Marcus Tullius Cicero. To this end, the study deals with the historical context in which the philosopher was born and how Greek thought influenced his work, reverberating in everything that relates to the political, legal and social in Rome. Stoicism, contributed strongly to the thought of Cicero, hence the need to delve into some issues of stoic philosophy, especially ethics, Stoic physics and logic. Their study allows identifying points of Greek thought in the Roman legal thinking especially in the works The Republic Of Laws and Duties philosophical treatises in which Cicero expounds his ideas about what it meant by Law, Law and Justice / O presente trabalho tem como finalidade o estudo da filosofia da justiça no pensamento do filósofo Marco Túlio Cícero. Para tanto, o estudo versa sobre o contexto histórico em que o filósofo nasceu e a maneira como o pensamento grego influenciou sua obra, reverberando em tudo aquilo que se relaciona com o político, jurídico e social em Roma. Tendo em vista que o estoicismo contribuiu intensamente para o pensamento de Cícero, observa-se a necessidade de se estudar algumas questões da filosofia estoica, notadamente a ética, a física e a lógica. Seu estudo possibilita identificar pontos do pensamento grego no pensamento jurídico romano especialmente nas obras Da República , Das Leis e Dos Deveres , tratados filosóficos em que Cícero expõe suas ideias acerca do que entende por Direito, Lei e Justiça

A discussão jurídica versa acerca da proteção ou não dos dados clínicos e informações não divulgadas Data Package, obtidos através de pesquisas clinicas, a partir do desenvolvimento de um novo medicamento. È importante realizar-se uma investigação prévia para descobrir se o novo medicamento a ser comercializado, possui efeitos benéficos ou adversos, que possam afetar os seres humanos, garantindo assim a eficácia e a segurança de sua utilização. O dossiê contendo os dados clínicos é submetido à Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária que, no uso de sua atribuição específica, e em função da avaliação do cumprimento de caráter jurídico-administrativo e técnico-científico relacionado com a eficácia, segurança e qualidade do medicamento conforme a Lei 6360/76 e o Decreto 79.094/77 determina o registro sanitário. A tese defendida pelas sociedades farmacêuticas de pesquisa é a de que seria vedado à ANVISA deferir registros de medicamentos genéricos e similares de mesmo princípio ativo, com base nas pesquisas clinicas realizada, enquanto vigente o período de exclusividade, com fundamento no artigo 5, inciso XXIX da Constituição Federal, artigos 39.1, 39.2, 39.3 do Acordo sobre Aspectos dos Direitos de Propriedade Intelectual Acordo TRIPS, artigo 195, XIV da Lei n 9.279/96 (Lei da Propriedade Industrial), artigo 421, 884, 885 e 886 do CC, artigo 37, caput, da CF e artigo 2, da Lei 9.784/99 e aplicação analógica da Lei 10.603/2002. A ANVISA ao permitir aos fabricantes dos medicamentos genéricos e similares a utilização do pacote de dados clínicos, fornecido pelo titular do medicamento de referencia, estaria promovendo a concorrência desleal e parasitária, ao permitir que as versões genéricas e similares, ingressem no mercado, sob custos de produção e comerciais substancialmente menores, do que os praticadas pelos medicamentos de referencia. Este argumento tem fulcro na norma do artigo 39.3 do Acordo TRIPS firmado entre os membros da Organização Mundial do Comércio OMC, em 1994, no qual o Brasil é signatário, e que se comprometeram a adotar providências no sentido de manter em sigilo e protegidos contra o uso comercial desleal os dados clínicos relativos à pesquisa clínica, necessários à aprovação da comercialização de produtos farmacêuticos. A divulgação, exploração ou a utilização dos dados clínicos, sem a autorização do respectivo titular, o qual demandou recursos materiais e humanos consideráveis e desde que estas informações tenham sido apresentadas a entidades governamentais como condição para aprovação da comercialização de um medicamento, devem ser protegidas. Os Estados membros da OMC e subscritores do acordo internacional devem assegurar que os concorrentes não tenham acesso às informações recebidas pelo ente estatal, que não as explorarem ou delas possam aferir indevidamente tanto direta quanto indiretamente de vantagens que as beneficiem do conhecimento técnico-cientifico, investimentos e esforços realizados pelo titular daquela pesquisa clínica. Dentro deste cenário, faz-se necessário que o Estado produza um marco regulatório capaz de prover uma segurança jurídica, que permita as sociedades farmacêuticas disponibilizar elevado investimento, viabilizando a realização de pesquisa clinica e introdução de novos medicamentos. / The legal discussion can be the protection or not of clinical data and undisclosed information "Data Package", obtained through clinical research, from the development of a new drug. It is important to carrying out a preliminary investigation to find out if the new drug to be marketed, has beneficial or adverse effects that may affect humans, thus ensuring the efficacy and safety of its use. The file containing the clinical data is submitted to the National Agency for Sanitary Vigilance the use of a specific assignment and depending on the assessment of compliance with juridical - administrative and technical-scientific relation to efficacy, safety and quality of the product as Law 6360/76 and Decree 79.094/77 determines the sanitary registration. The claim made by the pharmaceutical research companies is that it would be forbidden to ANVISA grant records to generic and similar drugs with the same active , based on clinical research conducted while force the exclusivity period , on the basis of Article 5 , XXIX of the Federal Constitution , articles 39.1 , 39.2 , 39.3 of the Agreement on aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - TRIPS Agreement , Article 195 , XIV Law 9.279/96 ( Industrial Property Law ) , Article 421 , 884 , 885 and 886 CC , Article 37 , caput, of the Federal Constitution and Article 2 of Law 9.784/99 and analogical application of Law 10.603/2002. ANVISA to allow manufacturers of generic drugs and the like using the package of clinical data , supplied by the holder of the reference drug, would be promoting unfair competition and parasite by allowing generic versions and the like, join in the market under cost production and trade substantially smaller than those committed by drug reference. This argument has the fulcrum in the standard of Article 39.3 of the TRIPS Agreement entered among the members of the World Trade Organization - WTO in 1994 , in which Brazil is a signatory, and pledged to take steps to keep confidential and protected unfair commercial use clinical data related to clinical research, necessary for approving the marketing of pharmaceutical products. Dissemination, exploitation or use of clinical data, without the consent of the holder, which demanded considerable material and human resources and since this information has been submitted to governmental entities as a condition of approving the marketing of a medicinal product shall be protected. The WTO members and subscribers of the international agreement should ensure that competitors do not have access to the information received by the state entity, which do not exploit them or may wrongly assess both direct and indirect benefits for the benefit of the technical-scientific knowledge, investment and efforts made by the owner of that clinical research. Within this scenario, it is necessary that the State produces a regulatory framework capable of providing legal certainty, which allows pharmaceutical companies to provide high investment, allowing it to perform clinical research and introduction of new medicines.

No description available.

Le monde des transports et de la mobilité nécessite une restructuration induite par la hausse sans cesse croissante des échanges. L’engorgement des routes, l’augmentation de l’insécurité, la hausse perpétuelle du trafic et des nuisances environnementales poussent les différentes instances à réfléchir et à agir. Dans cette optique, la Commission européenne a lancé les programmes Marco Polo I et II dont l’objectif est de transférer une partie du trafic de marchandise de la route vers des modes de transports plus respectueux de l’environnement. Cette étude s’inscrit dans ce cadre en essayant d’évaluer l’opportunité de développer le transport combiné rail-route. Plus précisément, elle propose de localiser de manière judicieuse des terminaux dédiés au transbordement de fret continental, afin de permettre l’expédition de marchandises sur longues distances avec des volumes suffisamment grands pour que le transport combiné soit compétitif. La répartition des flux sur le réseau est un élément essentiel, car l’une des principales raison d’être des terminaux considérés est de consolider les flux. C’est pourquoi une approche innovante basée sur les flux de transport est proposé. C’est en se basant sur une modélisation des flux qu’il est alors possible d’identifier les localisations optimales des terminaux et de minimiser ainsi les coûts totaux du système. La méthode développée permet également d’analyser les variations des aires de marché des terminaux en fonction de l’offre et de la demande de transport, ainsi que de mesurer les impacts sur la répartition modales.

No description available.

Francesco di Marco Datini (c. 1335-1410) left his native city of Prato, near Florence, in about 1350 to become a successful merchant in Avignon, France. He returned three decades later to decorate his newly built private residence in the historic center of Prato. Under his patronage, frescoes of sacred and secular subject matter were executed in the residence from 1389-95. The artists that have been concretely identified, or suggested, as working in the Palazzo Datini include: Arrigo di Niccolò, from Prato; minor painters Dino di Puccio, Jacopo d’Agnolo, and Agnolo; Florentine artists Tommaso del Mazza, Bartolomeo di Bertozzo, and Pagolino d’Ugolino; and the master artists Niccolò di Pietro Gerini and Agnolo Gaddi. Many of the original frescoes were uncovered during renovations of the 1950s. Those in the entry hall and ground floor rooms survive in varied condition. This recovery is significant because the survival of large scale private works of this kind in Italy is rare. Datini’s legacy also comprises hundreds of ledgers, account books, and thousands of personal and business letters dating from 1363 to 1410. These are now contained in the Archivio Storico di Prato. Using the surviving visual and written material as a reference point, this thesis examines the contexts behind Datini’s choices as patron. In particular, the influence of predominant values in merchant culture will be considered. The frescoes are explored in comparison with the interior decoration in the palaces of contemporaries. Precedence is given to residences in Florence and other urban centers in Tuscany. Related paintings from Avignon are also considered, as Datini lived there for many years. Visual parallels can also be drawn between the Datini frescoes and manuscript illuminations, among other sources. The murals were influenced by Datini’s own interests, larger cultural values, and the painters, who derived from the Florentine tradition. This thesis seeks to examine the cultural and artistic environment in late Trecento Prato, Datini’s contact with the artists, the subject matter and style of the frescoes, and their reception. / Thesis (Master, Art History) -- Queen's University, 2010-10-25 16:44:10.326

What is the nature of Quebec literature these days? Will we soon be speaking yet again of a national literature? Will we possess as much breadth of literature as do ethnic groups? These are some of the questions asked by one of the protagonists of Monique LaRue in L'arpenteur et le navigateur, a work which has provoked an outcry from the literary community. / Quebec literature, like Quebec society, has reached a crossroads; it is now in the process of redefining itself. / Is Marco Micone, an immigrant of Italian origin, considered a Quebec author? In this paper, we will attempt to answer that question by delving into his fiction, by examining his contemplative essays and by evaluating his position within the mainstream. We will also observe the way in which the concept of a culture immigree (transplanted culture), expounded by Micone, played a major role in the issue of ecritures migrantes (ethnic writing).

La obra aborda el caso del conflicto entre EEUU e Irán por el proyecto nuclear de este último, a fin de tratar la relación entre el discurso de los medios latinoamericanos y el discurso hegónico norteamericano, a través de la teoría de <i>Agenda Setting</i>. El trabajo hace hincapié en la construcción del marco de agenda -frames- ofreciendo un modelo de análisis que permita investigar en la relación entre los discursos mencionados.

Thesis (doctoral)--Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhems-Universität zu Breslau, 1933. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Theatre, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [3], 39 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-39).