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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Hidrólise enzimática de nitrilas pelo fungo de origem marinha Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 934 / Enzymatic hydrolysis of nitriles by the fungus of marine origin Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 934

Oliveira, Juliêta Rangel de 14 December 2012 (has links)
No presente estudo, uma triagem foi realizada com 12 fungos marinhos Penicillium miczynskii CBMAI 930, Penicillium raistriicki CBMAI 931, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 933, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 934, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 935, Bionectria sp. CBMAI 936, Penicillium oxalicum CBMAI 1185, Penicillium citrinum CBMAI 1186, Penicillium decaturense CBMAI 1234, Penicillium raistriicki CBMAI 1235, Cladosporium sp. CBMAI 1237 e Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 1241 para avaliar o potencial enzimático destes micro-organismos frente à fenilacetonitrila 1. Estes micro-organismos foram isolados de esponjas e alga coletadas do litoral norte do estado de São Paulo. A triagem foi realizada em meio sólido mineral suplementado com glicose e fenilacetonitrila 1 como única fonte de nitrogênio. Dentre os fungos, 8 adaptaram-se muito bem ao substrato 1 nas respectivas quantidades 5 µL (0,04 mmol), 10 µL (0,08 mmol) e 15 µL (0,12 mmol). Em seguida, a triagem foi realizada em meio líquido (20 µL (0,17 mmol), 40 µL (0,35 mmol) e 60 µL (0,50 mmol) de fenilacetonitrila 1 e obteve um bom crescimento de massa micelial dos fungos. Experimentos realizados na ausência de fenilacetonitrila 1, tanto em meio sólido, quanto em meio líquido, não promoveram o crescimento microbiano, evidenciando que as enzimas capazes de hidrolisarem nitrilas presente no sistema catalítico são construtivas. A fenilacetonitrila 1 foi biotransformada ao ácido 2-(2-hidroxifenil)acético 1b (51% pelo fungo A. sydowii CBMAI 934) por todos os fungos adaptados. Devido ao bom crescimento do fungo A. sydowii CBMAI 934 em meio mineral sólido e líquido na presença de fenilacetonitrila 1, este fungo foi selecionado para promover reações de hidrólise frente a diferentes organonitrilas, arilcetonitrilas: 4-fluorofenilacetonitrila 2, 4-clorofenilacetonitrila 3, 4-metoxifenilacetonitrila 4, 2-metilfenilacetonitrila 5, 3-metilfenilacetonitrila 6, 4-metilfenilacetonitrila 7 aos seus correspondentes ácidos carboxílicos 4-fluorofenilacético 2a (51%), 4-clorofenilacético 3a (55%), 4-metoxifenilacético 4a (43%), 2-metilfenilacético 5a (76%), 3-metilfenilacético 6a (52%) e 4-metilfenilacético 7a (46%), em nitrila alifática, 2-(1-ciclo-hexen-1-il)acetonitrila 8 ao ácido 2-(1-ciclo-hexen-1-il)acético 8a (28%) e nitrila hetero-aromática, 2-cianopiridina 19 a 2-piridinamida 19a. As reações foram acompanhadas por GC-FID e os produtos de biotransformações foram isolados e caracterizados por GC-MS, HRMS, RMN de 1H e de 13C. Este trabalho envolveu o primeiro estudo frente à biotransformação de nitrilas por micro-organismos de origem marinha. / In the present study, a screening of 12 marine fungi Penicillium miczynskii CBMAI 930, Penicillium raistriicki CBMAI 931, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 933, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 934, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 935, Bionectria sp. CBMAI 936, Penicillium oxalicum CBMAI 1185, Penicillium citrinum CBMAI 1186, Penicillium decaturense CBMAI 1234, Penicillium raistriicki CBMAI 1235, Cladosporium sp. CBMAI 1237 and Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 1241 was done in order to evaluate the enzymatic potential of these microorganisms in phenylacetonitrile 1. These microorganisms were isolated from sponges and algae collected at the north shore of Sao Paulo State. The screening was carried out in solid mineral medium supplemented with glucose and phenylacetonitrile 1 as the only source of nitrogen. Among the fungi, 8 adapted to the subtract really well 5 µL (0,04 mmol), 10 µL (0,09 mmol) and 15 µL (0,13 mmol). Afterwards, a screening was carried out in liquid medium 20 µL (0,17 mmol), 40 µL (0,35 mmol) and 60 µL (0,50 mmol) of phenylacetonitrile 1) and a great mass of the fungi was obtained. The phenylacetonitrile 1 was biotransformed in the acid 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic 1b (51% by the fungus A. sydowii CBMAI 934) by all the adapted fungi. Experiments carried out without phenylacetonitrile 1, both in solid and liquid media did not show microbial growth. Enzymes which hydrolyzed nitriles present in the catalytic system were constructive. Due to the good growth rate of the fungus A. sydowii CBMAI 934 in solid and liquid mineral media in presence of phenylacetonitrile 1, this fungus was selected to promote hydrolysis reactions in different organonitriles, arylacetonitriles: 4-fluorophenylacetonitrile 2, 4-chlorophenylacetonitrile 3, 4-methoxyphenylacetonitrile 4, 2-methylphenylacetonitrile 5, 3-methylphenylacetonitrile 6, 4-methylphenylacetonitrile 7 in their corresponding carboxylic acids 4-fluorophenylacetic 2a (51%), 4-chlorophenylacetic 3a (55%), 4-methoxyphenylacetic 4a (43%), 2-methylphenylacetic 5a (76%), 3-methylphenylacetic 6a (52%) and 4-methylphenylacetic 7a (46%), aliphatic nitrile 2-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)acetonitrile 8 to 2-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)acetic acid 8a (28%) and heteroaromatic nitrile 2-cyanopiridine 19 to 2-pyridinecarboxamides 19a. The reactions were monitored by GC-FID and the biotransformation products were isolated and characterized by GC-MS, HRMS and 1H and 13C NMR. This work involved the first study on the biotransformation of nitriles by marine microorganisms.
2

Hidrólise enzimática de nitrilas pelo fungo de origem marinha Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 934 / Enzymatic hydrolysis of nitriles by the fungus of marine origin Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 934

Juliêta Rangel de Oliveira 14 December 2012 (has links)
No presente estudo, uma triagem foi realizada com 12 fungos marinhos Penicillium miczynskii CBMAI 930, Penicillium raistriicki CBMAI 931, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 933, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 934, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 935, Bionectria sp. CBMAI 936, Penicillium oxalicum CBMAI 1185, Penicillium citrinum CBMAI 1186, Penicillium decaturense CBMAI 1234, Penicillium raistriicki CBMAI 1235, Cladosporium sp. CBMAI 1237 e Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 1241 para avaliar o potencial enzimático destes micro-organismos frente à fenilacetonitrila 1. Estes micro-organismos foram isolados de esponjas e alga coletadas do litoral norte do estado de São Paulo. A triagem foi realizada em meio sólido mineral suplementado com glicose e fenilacetonitrila 1 como única fonte de nitrogênio. Dentre os fungos, 8 adaptaram-se muito bem ao substrato 1 nas respectivas quantidades 5 µL (0,04 mmol), 10 µL (0,08 mmol) e 15 µL (0,12 mmol). Em seguida, a triagem foi realizada em meio líquido (20 µL (0,17 mmol), 40 µL (0,35 mmol) e 60 µL (0,50 mmol) de fenilacetonitrila 1 e obteve um bom crescimento de massa micelial dos fungos. Experimentos realizados na ausência de fenilacetonitrila 1, tanto em meio sólido, quanto em meio líquido, não promoveram o crescimento microbiano, evidenciando que as enzimas capazes de hidrolisarem nitrilas presente no sistema catalítico são construtivas. A fenilacetonitrila 1 foi biotransformada ao ácido 2-(2-hidroxifenil)acético 1b (51% pelo fungo A. sydowii CBMAI 934) por todos os fungos adaptados. Devido ao bom crescimento do fungo A. sydowii CBMAI 934 em meio mineral sólido e líquido na presença de fenilacetonitrila 1, este fungo foi selecionado para promover reações de hidrólise frente a diferentes organonitrilas, arilcetonitrilas: 4-fluorofenilacetonitrila 2, 4-clorofenilacetonitrila 3, 4-metoxifenilacetonitrila 4, 2-metilfenilacetonitrila 5, 3-metilfenilacetonitrila 6, 4-metilfenilacetonitrila 7 aos seus correspondentes ácidos carboxílicos 4-fluorofenilacético 2a (51%), 4-clorofenilacético 3a (55%), 4-metoxifenilacético 4a (43%), 2-metilfenilacético 5a (76%), 3-metilfenilacético 6a (52%) e 4-metilfenilacético 7a (46%), em nitrila alifática, 2-(1-ciclo-hexen-1-il)acetonitrila 8 ao ácido 2-(1-ciclo-hexen-1-il)acético 8a (28%) e nitrila hetero-aromática, 2-cianopiridina 19 a 2-piridinamida 19a. As reações foram acompanhadas por GC-FID e os produtos de biotransformações foram isolados e caracterizados por GC-MS, HRMS, RMN de 1H e de 13C. Este trabalho envolveu o primeiro estudo frente à biotransformação de nitrilas por micro-organismos de origem marinha. / In the present study, a screening of 12 marine fungi Penicillium miczynskii CBMAI 930, Penicillium raistriicki CBMAI 931, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 933, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 934, Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 935, Bionectria sp. CBMAI 936, Penicillium oxalicum CBMAI 1185, Penicillium citrinum CBMAI 1186, Penicillium decaturense CBMAI 1234, Penicillium raistriicki CBMAI 1235, Cladosporium sp. CBMAI 1237 and Aspergillus sydowii CBMAI 1241 was done in order to evaluate the enzymatic potential of these microorganisms in phenylacetonitrile 1. These microorganisms were isolated from sponges and algae collected at the north shore of Sao Paulo State. The screening was carried out in solid mineral medium supplemented with glucose and phenylacetonitrile 1 as the only source of nitrogen. Among the fungi, 8 adapted to the subtract really well 5 µL (0,04 mmol), 10 µL (0,09 mmol) and 15 µL (0,13 mmol). Afterwards, a screening was carried out in liquid medium 20 µL (0,17 mmol), 40 µL (0,35 mmol) and 60 µL (0,50 mmol) of phenylacetonitrile 1) and a great mass of the fungi was obtained. The phenylacetonitrile 1 was biotransformed in the acid 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic 1b (51% by the fungus A. sydowii CBMAI 934) by all the adapted fungi. Experiments carried out without phenylacetonitrile 1, both in solid and liquid media did not show microbial growth. Enzymes which hydrolyzed nitriles present in the catalytic system were constructive. Due to the good growth rate of the fungus A. sydowii CBMAI 934 in solid and liquid mineral media in presence of phenylacetonitrile 1, this fungus was selected to promote hydrolysis reactions in different organonitriles, arylacetonitriles: 4-fluorophenylacetonitrile 2, 4-chlorophenylacetonitrile 3, 4-methoxyphenylacetonitrile 4, 2-methylphenylacetonitrile 5, 3-methylphenylacetonitrile 6, 4-methylphenylacetonitrile 7 in their corresponding carboxylic acids 4-fluorophenylacetic 2a (51%), 4-chlorophenylacetic 3a (55%), 4-methoxyphenylacetic 4a (43%), 2-methylphenylacetic 5a (76%), 3-methylphenylacetic 6a (52%) and 4-methylphenylacetic 7a (46%), aliphatic nitrile 2-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)acetonitrile 8 to 2-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)acetic acid 8a (28%) and heteroaromatic nitrile 2-cyanopiridine 19 to 2-pyridinecarboxamides 19a. The reactions were monitored by GC-FID and the biotransformation products were isolated and characterized by GC-MS, HRMS and 1H and 13C NMR. This work involved the first study on the biotransformation of nitriles by marine microorganisms.

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