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Mothers of ADHD children were surveyed using an on-line methodology. Respondents (n = 93) were largely well-educated and Caucasian. Their children had been diagnosed for an average of 2.7 years. Maternal attributions for their child's ADHD symptoms were examined for relationships with treatment acceptability and satisfaction with behavior modification, medication, and combined treatments. Results showed that mothers tended to view their child's symptoms as being uncontrollable, changeable, and situational. Also, mothers rated medication-based treatment options as more acceptable than behavior modification alone. Medication was rated as satisfactory by a majority of participants and as more satisfactory than behavior modification. No relationship existed between maternal attributions and treatment acceptability. Higher satisfaction with academic skills interventions was associated with lower maternal attributions of behavior stability. The opposite was true for satisfaction with medication. Overall, parents were optimistic about the future of their children’s symptoms and reported satisfaction with all treatment options.

Background: The present study considers some of the underlying mechanisms that may be acting in postnatal depression (PND). It has been suggested that rumination predicts problem solving ability and that child temperament and maternal attributions predict mother-infant bonding. This study aims to investigate the role that brooding and reflective rumination may play in predicting and mediating these relationships in postnatal women. Methods: Postnatal women were recruited to complete an online survey.190 women responded and completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Maternal Attribution Scale (MAS), Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), Parental Problem Solving Task (PPST), Rumination Response Scale (RRS), Infant Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ) and a confidence in problem solving using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: Analyses showed that reflective rumination mediated the relationship between low infant soothability and high negative attributions, on maternal problem solving. Reflective and Brooding Rumination also predicted confidence in problem solving and mother-infant bonding. Analyses showed that infant temperament (soothability and distress) and maternal attributions (positive and negative) predicted confidence in problem solving and mother-infant bonding Limitations: This study employed a correlational design and therefore all inferences regarding possible causal pathways are tentative. Limitations include the use of self report measures to assess mother-infant bonding and infant temperament. Additionally the PPST is a new measure which needs further validation. Conclusions: Reflective rumination may act as an adaptive strategy for women in the postnatal period when faced with difficult child temperaments, and for those employing negative attributions, when faced with parent specific problem solving tasks. In addition, Brooding and Reflective Rumination may be important in predicting difficulties in mother-infant bonding. Difficult Infant temperaments and less positive or more negative maternal attributions, may affect problem solving, confidence in problem solving and mother-infant bonding in the postnatal period. Future research should look to replicate these findings and explicate possible causal relationships within a postnatal population.