Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING / Includes bibliographical references and index. / by Richard J. Tello. / B.S.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Vita. / Bibliography: leaves 410-424. / by Paul Scott Schluter. / Ph.D.

Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Martin Raymond Prince. / B.S.

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Martin Raymond Prince. / M.S.

Orientador: Wilza Carla Spiri / Coorientador: Silvana Andréa Molina Lima / Banca: Cláudia Helena Bronzatto Luppi / Banca: Andréa Bernardes / Resumo: O gerenciamento de custos proporciona condições adequadas às instituições hospitalares para análise dos processos administrativos e assistenciais na busca do equilíbrio entre a oferta de serviços, disponibilidade de recursos financeiros, atendimento a critérios de qualidade e incorporação tecnológica. Considerando-se a importância do CME para a qualidade da assistência, torna-se essencial a reflexão sobre os custos que incidem sobre os processos desenvolvidos, bem como as análises econômicas, a fim de balizar o planejamento e a tomada de decisão por parte do enfermeiro gestor. Sendo assim buscou-se no custeio baseado em atividades (custeio ABC) uma ferramenta eficiente para auxiliar o Enfermeiro gestor do CME no processo de tomada de decisão e também na prática gerencial baseada em evidências. Objetivos: Aplicar o sistema de custeio baseado em atividades no CME de um hospital público avaliando sua eficiência para uma prática gerencial baseada em evidências e também aferir o custo do CME pelo sistema de custeio por absorção comparando o método de custeio por absorção e o custeio baseado em atividades, descrevendo vantagens e desvantagens encontradas e seu apoio ao processo de tomada de decisão. Metodologia: Pesquisa aplicada, descritiva, tipo estudo de caso tendo a aplicação do custeio ABC dividido em quatro etapas. Resultados: Custo unitário médio de R$ 5,33 (US$2,85) por artigo médico-hospitalar processado aferido pelo custeio por absorção. Foram identificadas 25 atividades decorrentes de sete subprocessos, produzindo cinco objetos de custo, sendo o subprocesso Preparo e a atividade montagem e rotulação dos artigos os maiores consumidores de recurso (66,1 e 37,4 %, respectivamente). O custo da esterilização de cada artigo foi de R$ 6,05 (US$ 3,23) e da desinfecção foi de R$ 3,03 (US$ 1,62). Foi preponderante para o estudo a existência prévia do custeio por absorção na unidade, fornecendo ... / Abstract: Cost management provides adequate conditions to hospitals for analysis of administrative and assistance processes in finding the balance between the provision of services, availability of financial resources, service quality criteria and the incorporation of technology. Considering the importance of Sterile Processing Department for the quality of care, it is essential to reflect on the costs imposed on the processes developed and the economic analyzes in order to guide the planning and decision making by the nurse manager. Therefore we found in activity-based costing (ABC) an effective tool to assist the nurse manager of Sterile Processing Department in the process of decision-making and also in management practice based on evidence. Objectives: Apply the ABC in Sterile Processing Department at public hospital evaluating their efficiency to a management practice based on evidence and also evaluate the cost of the Sterile Processing Department by comparing the absorption costing method and ABC, describing advantages and disadvantages encountered and their support for the process of decision making. Methodology: Applied research, descriptive, case study with application of ABC costing divided into four stages. Results: Average unit cost of (R$ 5.33/$. 2.85) per article physician-hospital sued measured by absorption costing. We identified 25 activities under seven sub processes, producing five cost objects, and the sub process preparation and the activity assembly and labeling of articles the largest resource consumers (66.1 and 37.4%, respectively). The cost of sterilization of each article was (R$ 6.05/$ 3.23) and disinfection was (R$ 3.03/$ 1.62). It was predominant in the study prior existence of absorption costing unit, providing information absolutely essential to the implementation of ABC. The management practice should rely on Sterile Processing Department on ABC as a source of evidence in ... / Mestre

Biopotential amplifiers and DC amplifiers in general play an important role in neurophysiological research and modern medical practice. This thesis investigates the application of recent semi-conductor technology to the design of a high-performance amplifier for EEG, EKG, and EMG. This amplifier can also be used with low-level transducers. In particular, the performance of a BJT OP AMP version is compared with that of an amplifier utilizing FET OP AMPS.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

A parallel-plate capacitively-coupled plasma deposition system was designed and built for the growth of polyethylene glycol-like films. Deposition rate, bonding structure and dissolution and swelling behavior was characterized as a function of input RF power, reactor pressure and substrate temperature to provide information on the relationship between input plasma parameters and film properties. For the conditions studied in this thesis, deposition rates increased at increasing input powers and operating pressures and decreasing substrate temperatures. The PEG-like coatings resembled higher molecular weight solution-polymerized PEG films with a higher crosslinked structure. Manipulation of plasma deposition conditions allowed control of film crosslink density and resulted in tunable dissolution and swelling properties of the PEG-like polymer. At higher applied powers, lower operating pressures, and higher substrate temperatures, films had a higher crosslink density, thus leading to slower dissolution rates and smaller extents of swelling. Void space openings of swelled-state, PEG-like films were determined using electrophoretic drift and diffusion-controlled transport of fluorophore-tagged PAMAM dendrimers into the bulk of the coating. PAMAM dendrimers were used because of their well-defined sizes and negatively-charged succinamic acid surface groups as a means to probe pore sizes of the plasma films. It was estimated that the upper bound of pore size diameters in the plasma polymer was approximately equal to ~5.5-6.0 nm. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy was used to determine average pore sizes and was estimated to equal ~0.60-0.65 nm.

The pathogens causing pneumonia are difficult to identify because a high quality specimen from the lower lung is difficult to obtain. A specimen collection device, named the PneumoniaCheck, was previously designed to collect aerosol specimens selectively from the lower lung generated during deep coughing to aid in the diagnosis of specific pathogens causing pneumonia. The device also includes several specially designed features to exclude oral contaminants from the sample, and a filter to collect the aerosolized pathogens. The objective of this thesis is to develop tests to verify the functionality of the device, called the Design Inputs. Nine verification tests were performed to demonstrate the ability to collect lower airway aerosols separate from upper airway aerosols, successful exclusion of oral contents, and capture of pathogens in the filter. Further, the PneumoniaCheck was tested for proper sampling of the lower airway aerosols during deep cough at a very low volumetric flow rate to simulate patients with severe restrictive lung disease and with mal-positioning to simulate incorrect patient placement. Verification testing of the PneumoniaCheck demonstrates effective separation of upper airway gas from the lower airway gas (p<0.0001) and exclusion of both liquid and viscous oral material (p<0.0001) from the collection chamber. Testing also demonstrated the selective sampling of the lower airway, even during low volumetric flow rates or incorrect positioning of the device. The complex shape of the PneumoniaCheck presents a manufacturing challenge. Making the device from a solid and then drilling out the tubes would be difficult because the outer channels do not align with the inner channel. Rapid prototyping, vacuum molding, and injection molding are all manufacturing options. Rapid prototyping is slow, and usually only economic for small numbers of parts. For vacuum molding or injection molding, the PneumoniaCheck would need to be cut in half and molded, and then the halves connected with fasteners, glued, or welded. Vacuum molding is inexpensive, but there would be a lip at the connection that may be uncomfortable for patients. If the lip is on the inside of the device, it may interrupt air flow through the device. Injection molding is inexpensive and fast. The PneumoniaCheck could be injection molded in halves, and then glued or sonically welded together. Injection molding would be an efficient and economical way to manufacture the device. Verification tests were developed and performed, and the results demonstrate that the PneumoniaCheck successfully collects lower airway aerosols separate from upper airway aerosols, excludes oral contents, and captures pathogens in the filter, even during non-ideal conditions. After considering three different manufacturing options, injection molding was recommended for the device.

Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, σκοπός μας είναι η μελέτη, οργάνωση και υλοποίηση πρωτοκόλλων ελέγχου. Το κάθε πρωτόκολλο ελέγχου ευθύνεται για τη διεξαγωγή των ελέγχων στα ιατρικά μηχανήματα. Περιλαμβάνει δε, τα δομικά στοιχεία των ελέγχων, που είναι οι μετρήσεις ελέγχου, καθώς και τις αντίστοιχες ομάδες μηχανημάτων. Στην εργασία μας, για την εκτέλεση των εργασιών, χρησιμοποιήσαμε, κατά βάση, την εφαρμογή PRAXIS, μια εφαρμογή που διαχειρίζεται τη βιοϊατρική τεχνολογία σε νοσοκομειακό επίπεδο. Επίσης, υλοποιήσαμε έναν εναλλακτικό τρόπο διαχείρισης των πρωτοκόλλων/μετρήσεων ελέγχου, μέσω της εφαρμογής ACME, με την οποία παρέχουμε και κάποιες βελτιωτικές δυνατότητες ως προς το PRAXIS. Περιληπτικά η διάρθρωση της εργασίας μας έχει ως εξής: Στο 1ο Κεφάλαιο, εισάγουμε τον αναγνώστη στην επιστήμη της Βιοϊατρικής Τεχνολογίας. Στο 2ο Κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζουμε τις βασικές αρχές της Κλινικής Μηχανικής, δηλαδή του τομέα εκείνου της Βιοϊατρικής Τεχνολογίας, που είναι υπεύθυνος για τη διαχείριση του ιατρικού εξοπλισμού, στα νοσοκομεία. Αναλύονται τόσο το Τμήμα Κλινικής Μηχανικής (CED), όσο και οι ομάδες ιατρικών μηχανημάτων, μαζί με το πρόγραμμα ελέγχων-συντήρησης IPM. Στο 3ο Κεφάλαιο, αναφερόμαστε στα συστήματα διαχείρισης βιοϊατρικής τεχνολογίας και πιο συγκεκριμένα στην εφαρμογή PRAXIS, στα τεχνικά χαρακτηριστικά, την οργάνωση και τις δυνατότητες που παρέχει. Στο 4ο Κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζουμε τον τρόπο διαχωρισμού-ομαδοποίησης των μετρήσεων ελέγχου, προβλήματα που αντιμετωπίσαμε και τρόπους επίλυσης και τελικά τη διαδικασία καταχώρησης των μετρήσεων ελέγχου μέσω του PRAXIS. Στο 5ο Κεφάλαιο, καθορίζουμε τους κανόνες που διέπουν τη διασύνδεση μετρήσεων ελέγχου-πρωτοκόλλων ελέγχου-ομάδων μηχανημάτων και τελικά τη διαδικασία υλοποίησης των πρωτοκόλλων ελέγχου μέσω του PRAXIS, παράλληλα με την προσθήκη σε αυτά των αντίστοιχων μετρήσεων ελέγχου και ομάδων μηχανημάτων. Στο 6ο Κεφάλαιο, αναλύουμε την εφαρμογή ACME, μια εφαρμογή που υλοποιήσαμε ως εναλλακτικό τρόπο διαχείρισης, τη συγκρίνουμε με το PRAXIS, παρουσιάζουμε τις δυνατότητές και τις βελτιώσεις της και περιγράφουμε τον τρόπο χρήσης της για την διεκπεραίωση των εργασιών. Στο 7ο Κεφάλαιο, παρέχουμε χρήσιμα περιληπτικά στατιστικά στοιχεία από την όλη μελέτη μας, καταλήγουμε σε συμπεράσματα και κάνουμε προτάσεις. Τέλος, στο Παράρτημα, παραθέτουμε πλήρη εκτυπωμένα παραδείγματα πρωτοκόλλων, τόσο μέσω του PRAXIS, όσο και μέσω της ACME. / -

Stan N. Finkelstein, Eric A. von Hipple, and Jeffrey R. Scott. / "January 1980." / Bibliography: p. 14.