Uma série de testes foi aplicada a medidores portáteis de radiação ionizante para altas taxas de kerma no ar, especificamente medidores do tipo teletector. Estes detectores são do tipo Geiger Müller e são utilizados em rotinas de proteção radiológica em aceleradores, reatores, fontes de alta atividade e ainda em situações de emergência no Brasil, assim como em outros países. Também são encaminhados para calibração no Instituto de Pesquisa Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN) e foram analisados para estabelecer parâmetros de comportamento destes detectores, especificando as suas sensibilidades e suas características operacionais. Foram realizados testes de variação da leitura dos equipamentos com a tensão da bateria, efeito de geotropismo, dependência energética, dependência angular. Com este testes foi possível determinar as características mais comuns e importantes destes equipamentos permitindo a elaboração de um programa de controle de qualidade. Foram calibrados 17 teletectors durante este trabalho e destes, 10 foram testados. Os testes foram realizados para caracterizar o sis tema gama de irradiação (dosimetria de feixe de radiação) que possui maior atividade e permite testes em medidores do tipo teletectors em uma maior faixa de medição. Desse modo foi feito o aperfeiçoamento do programa de controle de qualidade de medidores portáteis de radiação ionizante para altas taxas de kerma no ar no LCI, oque beneficiou os usuários deste tipo de equipamento, e ainda com medições e calibrações mais consistentes e com melhor controle de qualidade dos processos. / A series of tests was applied to portable survey meters for high rates of kerma in the air, specifically meters type teletector. These detectors are the Geiger- Müller type and are used in radioprotection routines in accelerators, nuclear reactors, irradiators systems with high activity sources and even in emergency situations in Brazil, as in other countries. They are also sent for calibration at the Instruments Calibration Laboratory (LCI) at the Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN) and were analyzed to establish behavior parameters of these detectors, specifying their sensitivities and their operational characteristics. The reading variation tests were performed with the equipment battery voltage variation, geotropism effect, energy dependence, angular dependence; with these tests was possible to determine the most common and important features of these devices, allowing the development of a quality control program. In this work 17 teletectors were analyzed and ten detectors tested. The tests were performed to characterize the gamma irradiator system (dosimetry of dosimetry beam) which has higher activity and allows test in meters type teletector in a higher measuring range. Thus, it was made the improvement of the quality control program of portable survey meters of high rates of kerma in the air in the LCI, benefiting the users of such equipment and with measurements and calibrations more consistent and better quality control processes.

Uma série de testes foi aplicada a medidores portáteis de radiação ionizante para altas taxas de kerma no ar, especificamente medidores do tipo teletector. Estes detectores são do tipo Geiger Müller e são utilizados em rotinas de proteção radiológica em aceleradores, reatores, fontes de alta atividade e ainda em situações de emergência no Brasil, assim como em outros países. Também são encaminhados para calibração no Instituto de Pesquisa Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN) e foram analisados para estabelecer parâmetros de comportamento destes detectores, especificando as suas sensibilidades e suas características operacionais. Foram realizados testes de variação da leitura dos equipamentos com a tensão da bateria, efeito de geotropismo, dependência energética, dependência angular. Com este testes foi possível determinar as características mais comuns e importantes destes equipamentos permitindo a elaboração de um programa de controle de qualidade. Foram calibrados 17 teletectors durante este trabalho e destes, 10 foram testados. Os testes foram realizados para caracterizar o sis tema gama de irradiação (dosimetria de feixe de radiação) que possui maior atividade e permite testes em medidores do tipo teletectors em uma maior faixa de medição. Desse modo foi feito o aperfeiçoamento do programa de controle de qualidade de medidores portáteis de radiação ionizante para altas taxas de kerma no ar no LCI, oque beneficiou os usuários deste tipo de equipamento, e ainda com medições e calibrações mais consistentes e com melhor controle de qualidade dos processos. / A series of tests was applied to portable survey meters for high rates of kerma in the air, specifically meters type teletector. These detectors are the Geiger- Müller type and are used in radioprotection routines in accelerators, nuclear reactors, irradiators systems with high activity sources and even in emergency situations in Brazil, as in other countries. They are also sent for calibration at the Instruments Calibration Laboratory (LCI) at the Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN) and were analyzed to establish behavior parameters of these detectors, specifying their sensitivities and their operational characteristics. The reading variation tests were performed with the equipment battery voltage variation, geotropism effect, energy dependence, angular dependence; with these tests was possible to determine the most common and important features of these devices, allowing the development of a quality control program. In this work 17 teletectors were analyzed and ten detectors tested. The tests were performed to characterize the gamma irradiator system (dosimetry of dosimetry beam) which has higher activity and allows test in meters type teletector in a higher measuring range. Thus, it was made the improvement of the quality control program of portable survey meters of high rates of kerma in the air in the LCI, benefiting the users of such equipment and with measurements and calibrations more consistent and better quality control processes.

Many cities seek utilities monitoring with centrally managed Internet of Things (IoT) systems. This requires the development of numerous reliable low-cost wireless sensors, such as water temperature and flow meters, that can transmit information from subterranean pipes to surface-mounted receivers. Traditional radio communication systems are either unable to penetrate through multiple feet of earthen and manmade material, or have impractically large energy requirements which necessitate either frequent replacement of batteries, or a complex (and expensive) built-in energy harvesting system. Magnetic signaling systems do not suffer from this drawback: low-frequency electromagnetic waves have been shown to penetrate well through several feet of earth and water. In the past, these signals were too weak for practical use; however, this has changed with the recent proliferation of high-sensitivity magnetometers and compact rare-earth magnets. A permanent magnet can be either rotated or vibrated to create an oscillating magnetic field. Utilizing this phenomenon, two types of magnetic transmitter are investigated in this study: one which uses a propeller to directly rotate a diametrically magnetized neodymium magnet; and a second in which a permanent magnet is oscillated back-and-forth across a novel soft-magnet Y-stator, which projects a switching magnetic field. In principle, these oscillating magnetic fields can be used for communication from subterranean infrastructure sensors—such as flow meters and leak detection devices—to an aboveground long range (LoRa) radio-networked Arduino receiver equipped with a magnetometer. Simulation software models the oscillating electromagnetic fields produced by the Y-stator configuration. Laboratory performance and field tests establish the capability of two IoT-linked leak-detection sensors that use magnetic telemetry. Remote datalogging demonstrates the viability of integrating many sensors and surface receivers into a single LoRa wireless IoT network.

Flow meters are used to measure flow accurately. There are many different flow meters and it is necessary to know which will function best for specific situations. A wide variety of flow meters were selected for the study to assist in showing that each flow meter has its tradeoffs. The selected meters include: three types of Venturi meters, a wedge meter, a V-cone meter, an electromagnetic flow meter, and an ultrasonic flow meter. The characteristics researched in this study are discharge coefficient (Cd) over a range of Reynolds numbers (Re), head loss across each flow meter, life, and cost of meter. Each meter was tested over a wide range of Re to find the corresponding Cd and head loss. The life and cost of each meter were researched and estimated based on the flow meter companies and local distributor’s findings. With the findings, the tradeoffs are illustrated and will assist buyers in selecting a flow meter that will best fit their needs. While there are more flow meters available than was tested, the current study can direct buyers in a correct process of selecting meters for all situations.

Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 66 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 29).

Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D)--Polymer, Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. / Committee Chair: Tsukruk, Vladimir; Committee Member: Shofner, Meisha; Committee Member: Srinivasarao, Mohan; Committee Member: Thio, Yonathan; Committee Member: Weissburg, Marc. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Texas A & M University, 2004. / Title from caption (viewed on Feb. 8, 2008). Title from document title page. Includes bibliographical references. Available in PDF format via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio University, June, 2001. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-193).