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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.

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Showing 61 to 70 of 634 (0.046 seconds)
61

The vapor phase reaction of methanol and acetylene /

Harshman, Richard Calvert January 1951 (has links)
No description available.
Engineering
Methanol
Acetylene
62

The solubility of mercury in polar gases /

Rosenberg, Harvey Sanford January 1973 (has links)
No description available.
Engineering
Mercury
Methanol
Acetone
63

Design and development of a methanol concentration controller for fuel cells

Viljoen, Marius 09 September 2010 (has links)
Thesis (M. Tech.) (Engineering: Electrical, Dept.: Electronic Engineering))--Vaal University of Technology, 2008. / The demand for higher efficiency, sustainability and cleaner power sources increases daily. A Direct Methanol Fuel Cell is a power source that can be applied for small to medium household appliances and office equipment. It can ideally be used for operating appliances like notebook computers on remote sites where no electrical power is available. One of the problems in methanol fuel cells is methanol crossover. Methanol crossover occurs when methanol is not completely used in the process of generating electrons, and a certain percentage of the methanol is wasted. Crossover may damage the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell and reduce the efficiency of a DMFC. Literature reviews were done and suggestions from other writers are discussed on how to reduce methanol crossover. This research focuses primarily on the fact that crossover can be controlled by controlling the methanol / water concentration. A prototype methanol controller was built with an ultrasonic sensor for detecting the density of the methanol/water mixture and a sensor for the temperature of the mixture; this was done because the density of the mixture is dependant on the temperature and the concentration. The controller was calibrated to determine the amount per volume of water and methanol which enables the controller to control the percentage of methanol in the water. The prototype also had the feature built in to adjust the mixture in order to enable the study on the effects of crossover. A data logger function was added to store collected data on a personal computer for the study on methanol and water. It was observed that the sensor was sensitive enough and was able to produce 1% increments of the level of methanol concentration in the water provided the temperature was stable. A methanol controller was successfully built to ensure the correct volume of methanol. / Telkom Centre of Excellence
Power sources
Household appliances
Methanol concentration controller
Direct methanol fuel cell
Methanol crossover
Methanol/water concentration
Methanol and water
Methanol controller
Fuel cells
64

Improving and Understanding Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) Performance

Hacquard, Alexandre 05 May 2005 (has links)
Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is considered as a highly promising power source. It is based on polymer electrolytes membrane (PEM) fuel cell technology. It posses a number of advantages such as a liquid fuel, quick refueling, low cost of methanol and the compact cell, design making it suitable for various potential applications including stationary and portable applications. DMFCs are also environmentally friendly. Although carbon dioxide is produced, there is no production of sulfur or nitrogen oxides. The development of commercial DMFCs has nevertheless been hindered by some important issues. The most important are the low power density caused by the slow electrochemical methanol oxidation at the anode and methanol crossover through PEM, which is responsible for inhibiting the activity of the cathode catalyst as well. With the eventual goal of improving the overall performance of the DMFC, this study has been concerned with an investigation of the issues and effect of various parameters on its performance. First of all, the electrode preparation methodology and the effect of the catalyst were investigated. The most efficient membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was prepared with Pt/Ru black at anode and Pt black cathode on either side of a Nafion 117 membrane. Performance was however limited by current oscillations observed at low cell voltage and high current density attributed to carbon dioxide removal. Consequently, the effect of flow rate was investigated. Higher flow rates eliminated these oscillations. Then attention was focused on the management of the two-phase flow that occurs in the diffusion layer of the electrode as well as in the anode bipolar plate flow channels. Removal of carbon dioxide formed during methanol oxidation was thus found to be an important issue in DMFC. There is a competition between methanol diffusion to the catalyst layer and CO2 removal in the opposite direction. The two fluxes needed to be balanced in order to optimize performance. To accomplish this, the ratio of hydrophilic and hydrophobic pores respectively formed in the catalytic layer by Nafion and PTFE (Teflon) was altered. It also had an effect on crossover. The effect of a barrier layer was investigated to reduce crossover. Finally, zirconia and silica nano-composite membranes were tested instead of Nafion and found to reduce crossover. Developing a good understanding of what happens on the catalyst surface is important to develop a strategy on how improve DMFC performance. Thus is why a dynamic model based on a simplified mechanism for methanol electro-oxidation reaction was developed. It shows, amongst other insights, how the intermediate species coverage evolves with time. The mechanism was however too simple to provide an idea of which poisoning species are formed on the catalyst surface. A more exhaustive mechanism is thus being developed using Reaction Route analysis.
electrode
membrane
methanol
fuel cell
Nafion
Methanol
Fuel cells
65

Improving and Understanding Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) Performance

Hacquard, Alexandre 12 May 2005 (has links)
Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is considered as a highly promising power source. It is based on polymer electrolytes membrane (PEM) fuel cell technology. It posses a number of advantages such as a liquid fuel, quick refueling, low cost of methanol and the compact cell, design making it suitable for various potential applications including stationary and portable applications. DMFCs are also environmentally friendly. Although carbon dioxide is produced, there is no production of sulfur or nitrogen oxides. The development of commercial DMFCs has nevertheless been hindered by some important issues. The most important are the low power density caused by the slow electrochemical methanol oxidation at the anode and methanol crossover through PEM, which is responsible for inhibiting the activity of the cathode catalyst as well. With the eventual goal of improving the overall performance of the DMFC, this study has been concerned with an investigation of the issues and effect of various parameters on its performance. First of all, the electrode preparation methodology and the effect of the catalyst were investigated. The most efficient membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was prepared with Pt/Ru black at anode and Pt black cathode on either side of a Nafion 117 membrane. Performance was however limited by current oscillations observed at low cell voltage and high current density attributed to carbon dioxide removal. Consequently, the effect of flow rate was investigated. Higher flow rates eliminated these oscillations. Then attention was focused on the management of the two-phase flow that occurs in the diffusion layer of the electrode as well as in the anode bipolar plate flow channels. Removal of carbon dioxide formed during methanol oxidation was thus found to be an important issue in DMFC. There is a competition between methanol diffusion to the catalyst layer and CO2 removal in the opposite direction. The two fluxes needed to be balanced in order to optimize performance. To accomplish this, the ratio of hydrophilic and hydrophobic pores respectively formed in the catalytic layer by Nafion and PTFE (Teflon) was altered. It also had an effect on crossover. The effect of a barrier layer was investigated to reduce crossover. Finally, zirconia and silica nano-composite membranes were tested instead of Nafion and found to reduce crossover. Developing a good understanding of what happens on the catalyst surface is important to develop a strategy on how improve DMFC performance. Thus is why a dynamic model based on a simplified mechanism for methanol electro-oxidation reaction was developed. It shows, amongst other insights, how the intermediate species coverage evolves with time. The mechanism was however too simple to provide an idea of which poisoning species are formed on the catalyst surface. A more exhaustive mechanism is thus being developed using Reaction Route analysis.
methanol
fuel cell
Nafion
membrane
Methanol
Fuel cells
66

Proton conducting polymer composite membrane development for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell applications.

Luo, Hongze. January 2008 (has links)
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</style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal" / mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0 / mso-tstyle-colband-size:0 / mso-style-noshow:yes / mso-style-priority:99 / mso-style-qformat:yes / mso-style-parent:"" / mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt / mso-para-margin-top:0in / mso-para-margin-right:0in / mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt / mso-para-margin-left:0in / line-height:115% / mso-pagination:widow-orphan / font-size:11.0pt / font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif" / mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri / mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin / mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman" / mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast / mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri / mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin / mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman" / mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi / } </style> <![endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt / font-family: &quot / Times New Roman&quot / ,&quot / serif&quot / ">The objective of this study was thus to prepare highly proton condictivity membranes that are cheap to manufacture and have low methanol permeability. &nbsp / &nbsp / </span></p>
Direct methanol
Composite
Sulfonation
methanol permeability
Proton conductivity.
67

Proton conducting polymer composite membrane development for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell applications.

Luo, Hongze. January 2008 (has links)
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</style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal" / mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0 / mso-tstyle-colband-size:0 / mso-style-noshow:yes / mso-style-priority:99 / mso-style-qformat:yes / mso-style-parent:"" / mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt / mso-para-margin-top:0in / mso-para-margin-right:0in / mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt / mso-para-margin-left:0in / line-height:115% / mso-pagination:widow-orphan / font-size:11.0pt / font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif" / mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri / mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin / mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman" / mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast / mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri / mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin / mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman" / mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi / } </style> <![endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt / font-family: &quot / Times New Roman&quot / ,&quot / serif&quot / ">The objective of this study was thus to prepare highly proton condictivity membranes that are cheap to manufacture and have low methanol permeability. &nbsp / &nbsp / </span></p>
Direct methanol
Composite
Sulfonation
methanol permeability
Proton conductivity.
68

Rates of the surface reactions in methanol and carbon monoxide electrooxidation : experimental measurements and kinetic modeling /

Sriramulu, Suresh. January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-125).
69

Molybdenum-modified platinum electrodes /

Khanfar, Mohammad F., January 2003 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
70

Proton conducting polymer composite membrane development for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell applications

Luo, Hongze January 2008 (has links)
Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / The objective of this study was thus to prepare highly proton condictivity membranes that are cheap to manufacture and have low methanol permeability.
Direct methanol
Composite
Sulfonation
Methanol permeability
Proton conductivity

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