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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Pollen morphology of the tribe Loteae (Leguminosae) by light and scanning electron microscopy.

Crompton, Clifford W. January 1982 (has links)
No description available.
62

Development of a miniaturized microscope for depth-scanning imaging at subcellular resolution in freely behaving animals

Bagramyan, Arutyun 06 February 2021 (has links)
Le fonctionnement du cerveau humain est fascinant. En seulement quelques millisecondes, des milliards de neurones synchronisés perçoivent, traitent et redirigent les informations permettant le contrôle de notre corps, de nos sentiments et de nos pensées. Malheureusement, notre compréhension du cerveau reste limitée et de multiples questions physiologiques demeurent. Comment sont exactement reliés le fonctionnement neuronal et le comportement humain ? L’imagerie de l’activité neuronale au moyen de systèmes miniatures est l’une des voies les plus prometteuses permettant d’étudier le cerveau des animaux se déplaçant librement. Cependant, le développement de ces outils n’est pas évident et de multiples compromis techniques doivent être faits pour arriver à des systèmes suffisamment petits et légers. Les outils actuels ont donc souvent des limitations concernant leurs caractéristiques physiques et optiques. L’un des problèmes majeur est le manque d’une lentille miniature électriquement réglable et à faible consommation d’énergie permettant l’imagerie avec un balayage en profondeur. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un nouveau type de dispositif d’imagerie miniature qui présente de multiples avantages mécaniques, électriques et optiques par rapport aux systèmes existants. Le faible poids, la petite dimension, la capacité de moduler électriquement la distance focale à l’aide d’une lentille à cristaux liquides (CL) et la capacité d’imager des structures fines sont au cœur des innovations proposées. Dans un premier temps, nous présenterons nos travaux (théoriques et expérimentaux) de conception, assemblage et optimisation de la lentille à CL accordable (TLCL, pour tunable liquid crystal lens). Deuxièmement, nous présenterons la preuve de concept macroscopique du couplage optique entre la TLCL et la lentille à gradient d’indice (GRIN, pour gradient index) en forme d’une tige. Utilisant le même système, nous démontrerons la capacité de balayage en profondeur dans le cerveau des animaux anesthésiés. Troisièmement, nous montrerons un dispositif d’imagerie (2D) miniature avec de nouvelles caractéristiques mécaniques et optiques permettant d’imager de fines structures neuronales dans des tranches de tissus cérébraux fixes. Enfin, nous présenterons le dispositif miniaturisé, avec une TLCL intégrée. Grâce à notre système, nous obtenons ≈ 100 µm d’ajustement électrique de la profondeur d’imagerie qui permet d’enregistrer l’activité de fines structures neuronales lors des différents comportements (toilettage, marche, etc.) de la souris. / The functioning of the human brain is fascinating. In only a few milliseconds, billions of finely tuned and synchronized neurons perceive, process and exit the information that drives our body, our feelings and our thoughts. Unfortunately, our understating of the brain is limited and multiple physiological questions remain. How exactly are related neural functioning and human behavior ? The imaging of the neuronal activity by means of miniaturized systems is one of the most promising avenues allowing to study the brain of the freely moving subjects. However, the development of these tools is not obvious and multiple technical trade-offs must be made to build a system that is sufficiently small and light. Therefore, the available tools have different limitations regarding their physical and optical characteristics. One of the major problems is the lack of an electrically adjustable and energy-efficient miniature lens allowing to scan in depth. In this thesis, we propose a new type of miniature imaging device that has multiple mechanical, electrical and optical advantages over existing systems. The low weight, the small size, the ability to electrically modulate the focal distance using a liquid crystal (LC) lens and the ability to image fine structures are among the proposed innovations. First, we present our work (theoretical and experimental) of design, assembling and optimization of the tunable LC lens (TLCL). Second, we present the macroscopic proof-of-concept optical coupling between the TLCL and the gradient index lens (GRIN) in the form of a rod. Using the same system, we demonstrate the depth scanning ability in the brain of anaesthetized animals. Third, we show a miniature (2D) imaging device with new mechanical and optical features allowing to image fine neural structures in fixed brain tissue slices. Finally, we present a state-of-the-art miniaturized device with an integrated TLCL. Using our system, we obtain a ≈ 100 µm electrical depth adjustment that allows to record the activity of fine neuronal structures during the various behaviours (grooming, walking, etc.) of the mouse.
63

In-situ morphological study of wustite scale growth in a hot stage environment SEM /

Lee, Moonyong January 1986 (has links)
No description available.
64

An Investigation of the effect of some alloying elements on the thermionic emission of iron and the relation to emission decay in the thermionic emission microscope /

Mancini, Gerold Anthony January 1962 (has links)
No description available.
65

Photogrammetric self-calibration of a scanning electron microscope /

Maune, David F. January 1973 (has links)
No description available.
66

Development of a miniaturized microscope for depth-scanning imaging at subcellular resolution in freely behaving animals

Bagramyan, Arutyun 06 February 2021 (has links)
Le fonctionnement du cerveau humain est fascinant. En seulement quelques millisecondes, des milliards de neurones synchronisés perçoivent, traitent et redirigent les informations permettant le contrôle de notre corps, de nos sentiments et de nos pensées. Malheureusement, notre compréhension du cerveau reste limitée et de multiples questions physiologiques demeurent. Comment sont exactement reliés le fonctionnement neuronal et le comportement humain ? L’imagerie de l’activité neuronale au moyen de systèmes miniatures est l’une des voies les plus prometteuses permettant d’étudier le cerveau des animaux se déplaçant librement. Cependant, le développement de ces outils n’est pas évident et de multiples compromis techniques doivent être faits pour arriver à des systèmes suffisamment petits et légers. Les outils actuels ont donc souvent des limitations concernant leurs caractéristiques physiques et optiques. L’un des problèmes majeur est le manque d’une lentille miniature électriquement réglable et à faible consommation d’énergie permettant l’imagerie avec un balayage en profondeur. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un nouveau type de dispositif d’imagerie miniature qui présente de multiples avantages mécaniques, électriques et optiques par rapport aux systèmes existants. Le faible poids, la petite dimension, la capacité de moduler électriquement la distance focale à l’aide d’une lentille à cristaux liquides (CL) et la capacité d’imager des structures fines sont au cœur des innovations proposées. Dans un premier temps, nous présenterons nos travaux (théoriques et expérimentaux) de conception, assemblage et optimisation de la lentille à CL accordable (TLCL, pour tunable liquid crystal lens). Deuxièmement, nous présenterons la preuve de concept macroscopique du couplage optique entre la TLCL et la lentille à gradient d’indice (GRIN, pour gradient index) en forme d’une tige. Utilisant le même système, nous démontrerons la capacité de balayage en profondeur dans le cerveau des animaux anesthésiés. Troisièmement, nous montrerons un dispositif d’imagerie (2D) miniature avec de nouvelles caractéristiques mécaniques et optiques permettant d’imager de fines structures neuronales dans des tranches de tissus cérébraux fixes. Enfin, nous présenterons le dispositif miniaturisé, avec une TLCL intégrée. Grâce à notre système, nous obtenons ≈ 100 µm d’ajustement électrique de la profondeur d’imagerie qui permet d’enregistrer l’activité de fines structures neuronales lors des différents comportements (toilettage, marche, etc.) de la souris. / The functioning of the human brain is fascinating. In only a few milliseconds, billions of finely tuned and synchronized neurons perceive, process and exit the information that drives our body, our feelings and our thoughts. Unfortunately, our understating of the brain is limited and multiple physiological questions remain. How exactly are related neural functioning and human behavior ? The imaging of the neuronal activity by means of miniaturized systems is one of the most promising avenues allowing to study the brain of the freely moving subjects. However, the development of these tools is not obvious and multiple technical trade-offs must be made to build a system that is sufficiently small and light. Therefore, the available tools have different limitations regarding their physical and optical characteristics. One of the major problems is the lack of an electrically adjustable and energy-efficient miniature lens allowing to scan in depth. In this thesis, we propose a new type of miniature imaging device that has multiple mechanical, electrical and optical advantages over existing systems. The low weight, the small size, the ability to electrically modulate the focal distance using a liquid crystal (LC) lens and the ability to image fine structures are among the proposed innovations. First, we present our work (theoretical and experimental) of design, assembling and optimization of the tunable LC lens (TLCL). Second, we present the macroscopic proof-of-concept optical coupling between the TLCL and the gradient index lens (GRIN) in the form of a rod. Using the same system, we demonstrate the depth scanning ability in the brain of anaesthetized animals. Third, we show a miniature (2D) imaging device with new mechanical and optical features allowing to image fine neural structures in fixed brain tissue slices. Finally, we present a state-of-the-art miniaturized device with an integrated TLCL. Using our system, we obtain a ≈ 100 µm electrical depth adjustment that allows to record the activity of fine neuronal structures during the various behaviours (grooming, walking, etc.) of the mouse.
67

An analysis of second phase particles in zircaloy 2

Chemelle, Pierre Leon Jacques January 1980 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Pierre Leon Jacques Chemelle. / M.S.
68

THE KNIFE EDGE TEST AS A WAVEFRONT SENSOR (IMAGE PROCESSING).

KENKNIGHT, CHARLES ELMAN. January 1987 (has links)
An algorithm to reduce data from the knife edge test is given. The method is an extension of the theory of single sideband holography to second order effects. Application to phase microscopy is especially useful because a troublesome second order term vanishes when the knife edge does not attenuate the unscattered radiation probing the specimen. The algorithm was tested by simulation of an active optics system that sensed and corrected small (less than quarter wavelength) wavefront errors. Convergence to a null was quadratic until limited by detector-injected noise in signal. The best form of the algorithm used only a Fourier transform of the smoothed detector record, a filtering of the transform, an inverse transform, and an arctangent solving for the phase of the input wavefront deformation. Iterations were helpful only for a Wiener filtering of the data record that weighted down Fourier amplitudes smaller than the mean noise level before analysis. The simplicity and sensitivity of this wavefront sensor makes it a candidate for active optic control of small-angle light scattering in space. In real time optical processing a two dimensional signal can be applied as a voltage to a deformable mirror and be received as an intensity modulation at an output plane. Combination of these features may permit a real time null test. Application to electron microscopy should allow the finding of defocus, astigmatism, and spherical aberrations for single micrographs at 0.2 nm resolution, provided a combination of specimen and support membrane is used that permits some a priori knowledge. For some thin specimens (up to nearly 100 atom layers thick) the left-right symmetry of diffraction should allow reconstruction of the wave-front deformations caused by the specimen with double the bandpass used in each image.
69

Development of a scanning SQUID microscope

Barker, Michael Jonathan January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
70

Direct electric field visualization in semiconductor planar structures

Andrikopoulos, Pavlos 12 1900 (has links)
A new technique for imaging the 2D transport of free charge in semiconductor structures is used to directly map electric field distributions in operating devices. Direct transport imaging is demonstrated in a scanning electron microscope, using an optical microscope and a high sensitivity charge coupled device. Transport behavior under the combined influence of both diffusion and drift is predicted by modeling the drift and diffusion in 2D following generation at a point source. This is the first demonstration of a technique that allows the mapping of the electric field by determining not only the direction but especially the magnitude of the electric field with high resolution. The measured results show excellent agreement with theoretical predictions simulated with COMSOL software. The transport imaging technique also allows measurement of the contact resistance in a new way that is nondestructive and based on a two-point contact only. The technique illustrates the device's characteristics by determining the exact activation point of the diode and the deviations from an ideal I-V behavior. The method is extremely useful since the complexity and miniaturization of current devices do not allow for multiple wiring that standard four point measurement demands. Finally, a suggestion for further research of the effects of electromigration by using the direct transport imaging technique is offered. The latter is a subject of high importance in electronic device reliability.

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