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Les meules à grains et les meulières dans le Sud-Est de la France du IVe siècle avant JC au XIIe siècle après JCLongepierre, Samuel 16 February 2011 (has links)
Grâce à l’étude de nombreuses meules rotatives issues de fouilles archéologiques menées ces dernières années dans le Sud-Est de la France, en Languedoc-Roussillon et en Provence, nous pouvons proposer une classification des grands types de moulins à grains employés dans ces régions entre le IVe siècle avant J.-C. et le XIIe siècle après J.-C. Selon les périodes, l’utilisation des moulins manuels a été prédominante ou, au contraire, marginale. Dans ce second cas, des moulins de grand format à usage collectif les ont remplacés. Certains ont fonctionné dans des installations hydrauliques, les autres, tractés par des hommes ou des bêtes, sont notamment illustrés par les moulins pompéiens fabriqués aux environs d’Orvieto en Italie et amplement distribués en Narbonnaise durant l’Empire. Nous examinons aussi les grandes meulières d’où provient une part importante des meules étudiées. L’une d’elles, la meulière de Saint-Quentin-la-Poterie dans le Gard, a laissé de beaux vestiges révélant une organisation très rationnelle de cette exploitation. Datée de l’Antiquité tardive, elle se place à une époque où les meules en grès et en conglomérat ont succédé à celles en roche volcanique presque exclusives dès le deuxième âge du Fer. / Through the study of many rotary grinders from archaeological excavations conducted in recent years in the South East of France, Languedoc-Roussillon and Provence, we propose a classification of major types of grain mills used in these regions between the fourth century BC and the twelfth century AD. According to the period, the hand mills were used substantially or marginally. In this second case, large mills for common use replaced them. Some functionned in hydraulic systems, others towed by men or beasts, are illustrated by the Pompeian mills built in the vicinity of Orvieto in Italy and widely distributed in Narbonne in the Empire. We also examine great millstone quarries from which a significant part of the millstones studied come from. One of them, the millstone quarry of Saint-Quentin-la-Poterie Gard, has left beautiful traces revealing a very rational organization of quarrying. Dating from late antiquity, it ranks at a time when the wheels of sandstone and conglomerate succeeded to those prevailing in volcanic rock in the second Iron Age.
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Om stenar kunde tala : arkeologiska rön och bebyggelsehistorisk kontext av kvarnstensbrottet Östra Utsjö i Malung / If stones could speak : the history and archaeology of the millstone quarry of Eastern Utsjö in Malung, province of Dalarna, SwedenMellquist Danielson, Bente January 2011 (has links)
This paper deals with village history around millstone quarry Eastern Utsjö in Malung, Sweden, in the hope of finding deposits that could date the quarry, in that the quarry in the current situation is dated only by the millstone fragments outside the resort. My purpose was to conduct a discussion on the quarry alone can be dated by deposits outside the resort. I have used FMIS RAÄ:s fornsök and a lot of literature to identify village history. The results showed that it is not possible to date the millstone quarry from village history, but through deposits outside the resort of Malung, which have been found around Mälardalen, Sweden through archaeological excavations, and derived from the millstone quarry Eastern Utsjö, can put an age on the quarry.
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