Depression has increased among adolescents and adults over the last decade. Effective treatments and techniques to improve personal well being and disorders like depression are much needed. Mindfulness is a psychological technique that involves actively paying attention to one's awareness of the present moment with nonjudgmental acceptance (Kabat-Zinn, 1990). While the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions has been widely studied, relatively little research has been done on the effects of mindfulness interventions on depression using neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or electroencephalography (EEG). This systematic review includes four studies that investigates the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions on depression measured by fMRI or EEG and different rating scales measuring depression. The results from this systematic review shows that mindfulness interventions may have an effect on depression. Two of the studies (Ferri et al., (2017); Yang et al., (2016), found significant differences in the rating scales for depression. The studies also suggest that mindfulness interventions can impact the brain regions involved in negative emotional processing in individuals with depression, such as the default mode network (DMN) and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC).

Bakgrund Sjuksköterskor är utsatta för stress då de i yrket möter stressorer som ingår i arbetets natur. Mindfulness minskar stress utan farmakologiska läkemedel, och det finns flera interventionsmetoder som kan anpassas efter var grupps unika behov. Sjukvården behöver hitta metoder för att stärka sjuksköterskornas hälsa, då forskning visar att stressade sjuksköterskor utför vård av lägre säkerhet och kvalitet än sjuksköterskor med låg stressnivå. Dessutom orsakar de negativa konsekvenserna av stress stort lidande för sjuksköterskan och höga kostnader på individ-, arbetsgivar-, och samhällsnivå. Syfte  Syftet var att undersöka hur mindfulness påverkar sjuksköterskor med stressymptom. Metod Induktiv litteraturöversikt i vilken artiklar med kvantitativ metodik sammanställdes. Artiklar söktes i databaserna Cinahl och PsychArticles, analyserades enligt Fribergs femstegsmodell och sammanställdes i en tabell.  Resultat Artiklarna visade att mindfulness har statistiskt signifikant effekt oavsett interventionsmetod, om sjuksköterskorna får vägledning. Oönskade stressymptom minskade, och sjuksköterskornas KASAM ökade genom att symptom som ökar en individs förmåga att uppleva begriplighet, hanterbarhet och meningsfullhet ökade. Slutsats Mindfulness ökar KASAM och flera parametrar av hälsa hos sjuksköterskor med stressymptom, och kan hjälpa sjuksköterskor att hantera stressorer som är svåra eller omöjliga att eliminera i deras yrke. / Background Nurses are under stress since, in their occupation, they deal with stressors which are parts of the workcontent. Mindfulness decreases stress without pharmacological drugs and there are several methods to practice mindfulness in, which may be adapted to the unique needs of each group. The healthcare need to find methods to strengthen the health of nurses, since research show nurses under stress perform care of lower safety and quality to the patients, than those unstressed. Besides, the negative consequences of stress cause great suffering for the nurse, and high costs at individual, employer and societal level.  Aim The aim was to examine how mindfulness affects nurses with stress symptoms.  Method An inductive literature review in which articles of quantitative design were compiled. Articles were searched for in the databases of Cinahl and PsychArticles, analyzed according to the Fivesteps-modell of Fribergs and compiled into a chart.   Results  The articles showed mindfulness has statistically significant effect regardless of method, if the nurses obtain guidance. Unwanted stress symptoms decreased, and the nurses´ KASAM increased by the increase of symptoms strengthening an individual´s ability to experience comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness.  Conclusion Mindfulness increases KASAM and several parameters of health for nurses suffering from stress sympthoms, and may help nurses to handle stressors which are difficult or impossible to eliminate in their occupation.

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