Thesis (doctoral)--Jena, 1707. / At head of title: D.O.M.A. "Publicae ... ad d. 31. Mens. Aug. A.O.R. MDCCVII." Reproduction of original from Widener Library, Harvard University. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 07306.0-3.1. Electronic Reproduction. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Jena, 1707. / At head of title: D.O.M.A. "Publicae ... ad d. 31. Mens. Aug. A.O.R. MDCCVII." Reproduction of original from Widener Library, Harvard University. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 07306.0-3.1. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--Jena, 1707. / "Dissertatio anno MDCCVII d. 31. mens. august Jenae habita." First ed. entered under Wildvogel, Christian, 1644-1728, praeses, Conventus monetales ... Jenae, [1707]--NUC pre-1956. Errata at end of text. Reproduction of original from Goldsmiths' Library, University of London. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 05596. Electronic Reproduction. Includes bibliographical references and index.

Thesis--Jena, 1707. / "Dissertatio anno MDCCVII d. 31. mens. august Jenae habita." First ed. entered under Wildvogel, Christian, 1644-1728, praeses, Conventus monetales ... Jenae, [1707]--NUC pre-1956. Errata at end of text. Reproduction of original from Goldsmiths' Library, University of London. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 05596. Includes bibliographical references and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-124). Also available on the World Wide Web.

This thesis examines one labourer group within developing urban society in England during the tenth and eleventh centuries in order to address both its status and whether the internal workplace organisation of this group might reflect on the complexity of an Anglo-Saxon 'state'. In reviewing the minting operation of late Anglo-Saxon England, and the men in charge of those mints, a better picture of the social history of pre-Conquest England is realised. These men, the moneyers responsible for producing the king's coinage, were likely part of the thegnly or burgess class and how they organised themselves might reflect broader trends in how those outside of the artistocracy acted in response to royal directives. In order to address this, a database combining information from multiple catalogues, coin cabinets, and online repositories was developed in Part I and is presented in Part II. The Moneyers of England Database, 973-1086 consists of 3,646 periods of moneyer activity, derived from 28,576 individual coins produced at ninety-nine geographic locations. Parts III and IV provide potential uses for the database through two different types of study. Part III argues that the mints were primarily controlled and operated by families. Pointing to the repetition of the protothemes amongst the moneyers on a large scale across nearly all the mint locations known from the 970s to 1086, I argue that the mints were dominated by a few select families that maintained authority through wars and conquests. Part IV presents two new theories on late Anglo-Saxon mint organisation. The first theory is that groups of moneyers would begin and end activity within the mints together, most often within family units, but regularly in conjunction with other minting families in the same location. The second theory is that these groups would operate in rotation. The moneyers would operate for a set period of time, then withdraw in favour of another member of their dynasty before returning to activity at a later date. I conclude that this was potentially, if not likely, in response to royal imposition on the mints restricting the number of coinages that a moneyer could be responsible for, and take profit on, consecutively. The thesis is structured with a brief introduction and literature review, inclusive of discussion on the status of the moneyers and the concept of an Anglo-Saxon 'state', followed by a methodological section that outlines the creation of the Moneyers of England Database, 973-1086, as well as limitations in the source material. This is followed by the database, two analysis sections, and the conclusion. There are two appendices. The first appendix is an insert diagram of all 425 moneyers in operation in London between 973 and 1086. The second is the coinage record from which this work is derived.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2008. / "Graduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry." Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Cláudia Helena Pellizzon / Banca: Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima / Banca: Calos Alan Cândido Dias / Banca: Jairo Kenupp Bastos / Banca: Caden Souccar / Banca: Luis Fernando Barbisan / Banca: Sergio Brito Garcia / Banca: Elfriede Marianne Bacchi / Resumo: As espécies do gênero Mentha apresentam indicação etnofarmacológica para distúrbios gastrointestinais, como a úlcera gástrica (UG) e a diarreia. Este estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o mecanismo gastroprotetor e antidiarreico do mentol (ME), principal componente dos óleos esenciais do gênero Mentha, em ratos. A atividade gastroprotetora foi avaliada nos modelos de indução de úlcera gástrica por etanol e indometacina. Os mecanismos analisados foram a secreção de muco gástrico, o envolvimento dos compostos sulfidrílicos, da via NO/cGMP/K+ATP e dos canais de cálcio na gastroproteção, a atividade antisecretória, a produção de prostaglandina E2 (PGE2), além da atividade antiapoptótica, antioxidante (dosagem de glutationa - GSH, glutationa peroxidase - GSH-Px, glutosina redutase - GR e superóxido dismutase - SOD) e anti-inflamatória (dosagem das citocinas fator de necrose tumoral alfa - TNF-α, interleucina 6 e 10 - IL-6 e IL-10) na mucosa gástrica. Também foi avaliada a atividade antidiarreica e antiperistáltica. A indução de toxicidade aguda foi avaliada através de dosagens bioquímicas no soro sanguíneo dos ratos. O tratamento oral com ME ofereceu 88.62% e 72.62% de gastroproteção conta a indução de UG por etanol e indometacina, respectivamente. O efeito gastroprotetor do ME estimulou a produção de muco gástrico e de PGE2, além de envolver a manutenção dos compostos sulfidrílicos e a ativação dos canais K+ATP. ME apresentou efeito antioxidante, evidenciando pelo aumento na atividade de GSH-Px, GR, do nível de GSH e pela redução da atividade da SOD. A atividade anti-inflamatória foi comprovada através da redução no nível das citocinas inflamatórias TNF-α e IL-6 e aumento no nível da citocina anti-inflamatória IL-10. ME apresentou atividade antidiarreica e antiperistáltica e não induziu alterções bioquímicas no soro dos ratos, comprovando a ausência de toxidade renal e ... / Abstract: Based on ethnopharmacological indications that Mentha species may be used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, this study aimed to characterize the gastroprotective mechanisms of menthol (ME), the major compound of the essential oil from species of the genus Mentha. The gastroprotective action of ME was analyzed in gastric ulcers that were induced by ethanol or indomethacin in Wistar male rats. The mechanisms responsible for the gastroprotective effect were assessed by analyzing the amount of mucus secreted, involvement of non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) compounds, involvement of calcium ion channels and NO/cGMP/K+ATP pathway, gastric antisecretory activity and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. The anti-diarrheal activity and acute toxicity of ME were also evaluated. Oral treatment with ME (50 mg/kg) offered 88.62% and 72.62% of gastroprotection against ethanol and indomethacin, respectively. There was an increased amount of mucus and PGE2 production. The gastroprotective activity of ME involved NP-SH compounds and the stimulation of K+ATP channels, but not the activation of calcium ion channels or the production of NO. The oral administration of ME induced an antisecretory effect as it decreased the H+ concentration in gastric juices. ME displayed anti-diarrheal and antiperistaltic activity. There were no signs of toxicity in the biochemical analyses performed in the rats‟ serum. These results demonstrated that ME provides gastroprotective and anti-diarrheal activities with no toxicity in rats / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-13T14:50:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-05-02Bitstream added on 2014-08-13T18:00:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000756416_20141202.pdf: 309856 bytes, checksum: f297ec28b77ca85fe15e795eb3bf2928 (MD5) / As espécies do gênero Mentha apresentam indicação etnofarmacológica para distúrbios gastrointestinais, como a úlcera gástrica (UG) e a diarreia. Este estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o mecanismo gastroprotetor e antidiarreico do mentol (ME), principal componente dos óleos esenciais do gênero Mentha, em ratos. A atividade gastroprotetora foi avaliada nos modelos de indução de úlcera gástrica por etanol e indometacina. Os mecanismos analisados foram a secreção de muco gástrico, o envolvimento dos compostos sulfidrílicos, da via NO/cGMP/K+ATP e dos canais de cálcio na gastroproteção, a atividade antisecretória, a produção de prostaglandina E2 (PGE2), além da atividade antiapoptótica, antioxidante (dosagem de glutationa - GSH, glutationa peroxidase - GSH-Px, glutosina redutase - GR e superóxido dismutase - SOD) e anti-inflamatória (dosagem das citocinas fator de necrose tumoral alfa - TNF-α, interleucina 6 e 10 - IL-6 e IL-10) na mucosa gástrica. Também foi avaliada a atividade antidiarreica e antiperistáltica. A indução de toxicidade aguda foi avaliada através de dosagens bioquímicas no soro sanguíneo dos ratos. O tratamento oral com ME ofereceu 88.62% e 72.62% de gastroproteção conta a indução de UG por etanol e indometacina, respectivamente. O efeito gastroprotetor do ME estimulou a produção de muco gástrico e de PGE2, além de envolver a manutenção dos compostos sulfidrílicos e a ativação dos canais K+ATP. ME apresentou efeito antioxidante, evidenciando pelo aumento na atividade de GSH-Px, GR, do nível de GSH e pela redução da atividade da SOD. A atividade anti-inflamatória foi comprovada através da redução no nível das citocinas inflamatórias TNF-α e IL-6 e aumento no nível da citocina anti-inflamatória IL-10. ME apresentou atividade antidiarreica e antiperistáltica e não induziu alterções bioquímicas no soro dos ratos, comprovando a ausência de toxidade renal e ... / Based on ethnopharmacological indications that Mentha species may be used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, this study aimed to characterize the gastroprotective mechanisms of menthol (ME), the major compound of the essential oil from species of the genus Mentha. The gastroprotective action of ME was analyzed in gastric ulcers that were induced by ethanol or indomethacin in Wistar male rats. The mechanisms responsible for the gastroprotective effect were assessed by analyzing the amount of mucus secreted, involvement of non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) compounds, involvement of calcium ion channels and NO/cGMP/K+ATP pathway, gastric antisecretory activity and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. The anti-diarrheal activity and acute toxicity of ME were also evaluated. Oral treatment with ME (50 mg/kg) offered 88.62% and 72.62% of gastroprotection against ethanol and indomethacin, respectively. There was an increased amount of mucus and PGE2 production. The gastroprotective activity of ME involved NP-SH compounds and the stimulation of K+ATP channels, but not the activation of calcium ion channels or the production of NO. The oral administration of ME induced an antisecretory effect as it decreased the H+ concentration in gastric juices. ME displayed anti-diarrheal and antiperistaltic activity. There were no signs of toxicity in the biochemical analyses performed in the rats‟ serum. These results demonstrated that ME provides gastroprotective and anti-diarrheal activities with no toxicity in rats

The history of Hellenistic Bactria (northern Afghanistan, and areas of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) is particularly obscure and its reconstruction contentious. Unlike other Hellenistic kingdoms very little evidence survives from literary sources and inscriptions; the best primary source is the large quantity of coins issued under the Graeco-Bactrian kings who ruled the area from the third century to the mid first century BC. With limited details of the find spots of the coins and only a few published hoards, their use has often been limited to a superficial analysis of their iconography. This thesis presents the results of a die study, an approach to studying the coins that can give many insights into the way they were produced. The coins of six kings (Euthydemus I, Demetrius I, Euthydemus II, Pantaleon, Agathocles, and Antimachus I) are included. Different mints and rhythms of production can be identified, and the overall size of the coinages estimated. Using a thorough understanding of their production this thesis proposes a new, soundly-based, history of the Graeco-Bactrian kingdom under these kings.